SAFETY INSPECTION OF IN-SERVICE
BRIDGES- CHAPTER 8 EXAM
QUESTIONS & ELABORATED
ANSWERS
Fatigue - Correct Answer ✔✔ Tendency of a member to fail at a lower stress when
subjected to cyclical loading than when subject to static loading
FCM - Correct Answer ✔✔ A member in tension or with a tension element whose failure
would probably cause a portion of or the entire bridge to collapse
Internally Redundant Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ A member configuration with
multiple internal components that are either independent or mechanically fastened
together
Load Path Redundant Bridge - Correct Answer ✔✔ Contains three or more main load
carrying paths between substructure units
Structurally Redundant Bridge - Correct Answer ✔✔ Has continuity of load path from
span to span
Redundancy - Correct Answer ✔✔ A structural condition where there are more
elements of support than are necessary for stability.
False - Correct Answer ✔✔ A member with internal redundancy is not fracture critical.
(T/F)
True - Correct Answer ✔✔ In the interest of conservatism , the inspector should neglect
structural and internal redundancy when classifying FCMs. (T/F)
Steel Multi-Beam Bridge - Correct Answer ✔✔ Refers to a bridge with multiple rolled
beams supporting the deck.
Steel Multi-Girder Bridge - Correct Answer ✔✔ Refers to a bridge with multiple built-up
beams supporting the deck.
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Beams in a Steel Multi-Beam Bridge (P/S)
Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diaphragms in a Steel Multi-Beam Bridge
(P/S)
, Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diaphragms in a Steel Multi-Girder Bridge
(P/S)
Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Lateral Bracing in a Steel Multi-Girder Bridge
(P/S)
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Girders in a Steel Multi-Girder Bridge (P/S)
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diaphragms in a Curved Steel Multi-Girder
Bridge (P/S)
Diaphragms on Steel Bridges - Correct Answer ✔✔ These can be cross frames or
diagonal braces that are attached transversely to the girder or beam web, in the vertical
plane.
Along the bottom flanges, horizontal connection plates, pockets created by diaphragms
- Correct Answer ✔✔ Types of areas that trap water and debris
Girder Webs at Diaphragm Connections, Ends of Diaphragm connection Plate in Girder
Bridges, Lateral Gussets on Plate Webs at Connections - Correct Answer ✔✔ Areas
that Exhibit Out-Of-Plane Distortation
Deck Girder System - Correct Answer ✔✔ Refers to a bridge that only has two girders
that support the floor system which in turn supports the deck.
Through Girder System - Correct Answer ✔✔ Refers to a bridge that has a deck
between two main girders with floor system underneath the deck.
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Girders in a Deck Girder / Through Girder Bridge
(P/S)
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Floorbeams and Stringers in a Deck Girder /
Through Girder Bridge (P/S)
Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Lateral Bracing in a Deck Girder / Through
Girder Bridge (P/S)
Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diaphragms in a Deck Girder / Through
Girder Bridge (P/S)
Fatigue Prone Zone - Correct Answer ✔✔ Zone located at all welded attachments
located in member tension zones and connection details between primary members
Floorbeams - Correct Answer ✔✔ Members that are supported by the girders and
receive deck loads either directly or via stringers
BRIDGES- CHAPTER 8 EXAM
QUESTIONS & ELABORATED
ANSWERS
Fatigue - Correct Answer ✔✔ Tendency of a member to fail at a lower stress when
subjected to cyclical loading than when subject to static loading
FCM - Correct Answer ✔✔ A member in tension or with a tension element whose failure
would probably cause a portion of or the entire bridge to collapse
Internally Redundant Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ A member configuration with
multiple internal components that are either independent or mechanically fastened
together
Load Path Redundant Bridge - Correct Answer ✔✔ Contains three or more main load
carrying paths between substructure units
Structurally Redundant Bridge - Correct Answer ✔✔ Has continuity of load path from
span to span
Redundancy - Correct Answer ✔✔ A structural condition where there are more
elements of support than are necessary for stability.
False - Correct Answer ✔✔ A member with internal redundancy is not fracture critical.
(T/F)
True - Correct Answer ✔✔ In the interest of conservatism , the inspector should neglect
structural and internal redundancy when classifying FCMs. (T/F)
Steel Multi-Beam Bridge - Correct Answer ✔✔ Refers to a bridge with multiple rolled
beams supporting the deck.
Steel Multi-Girder Bridge - Correct Answer ✔✔ Refers to a bridge with multiple built-up
beams supporting the deck.
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Beams in a Steel Multi-Beam Bridge (P/S)
Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diaphragms in a Steel Multi-Beam Bridge
(P/S)
, Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diaphragms in a Steel Multi-Girder Bridge
(P/S)
Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Lateral Bracing in a Steel Multi-Girder Bridge
(P/S)
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Girders in a Steel Multi-Girder Bridge (P/S)
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diaphragms in a Curved Steel Multi-Girder
Bridge (P/S)
Diaphragms on Steel Bridges - Correct Answer ✔✔ These can be cross frames or
diagonal braces that are attached transversely to the girder or beam web, in the vertical
plane.
Along the bottom flanges, horizontal connection plates, pockets created by diaphragms
- Correct Answer ✔✔ Types of areas that trap water and debris
Girder Webs at Diaphragm Connections, Ends of Diaphragm connection Plate in Girder
Bridges, Lateral Gussets on Plate Webs at Connections - Correct Answer ✔✔ Areas
that Exhibit Out-Of-Plane Distortation
Deck Girder System - Correct Answer ✔✔ Refers to a bridge that only has two girders
that support the floor system which in turn supports the deck.
Through Girder System - Correct Answer ✔✔ Refers to a bridge that has a deck
between two main girders with floor system underneath the deck.
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Girders in a Deck Girder / Through Girder Bridge
(P/S)
Primary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Floorbeams and Stringers in a Deck Girder /
Through Girder Bridge (P/S)
Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Lateral Bracing in a Deck Girder / Through
Girder Bridge (P/S)
Secondary Member - Correct Answer ✔✔ Diaphragms in a Deck Girder / Through
Girder Bridge (P/S)
Fatigue Prone Zone - Correct Answer ✔✔ Zone located at all welded attachments
located in member tension zones and connection details between primary members
Floorbeams - Correct Answer ✔✔ Members that are supported by the girders and
receive deck loads either directly or via stringers
