4003 Variations Final Revie
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1. The nurse knows to take extra care to check for signs of bruising or bleeding
with which electrolyte imbalance? Hypocalcemia
hypocalcemia can attest clotting
2. The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for a client with a possible
acid-base imbalance. The physician has prescribed an arterial blood gas (ABG).
What is one of the most important indications of an acid-base imbalance that
is shown in an ABG?
a) PaO2
b) PO2
c)Carbonic acid d)
Bicarbonate: D
3. The nursing instructor is talking with the nursing class about fluid and Elec-
tyrolite balance. What would the instructor tell the students that the average
daily fluid intake for an adult is? 2500ml
4. The nurse is instructing on the body's negative feedback loop to ensure
homeostasis to a group of students. Which action by bases keeps the blood
pH nearly neutral?
A. Bases cast off acids.
B. Bases bind with hydrogen.
C. Bases hold acidic properties.
D. Bases have no contact with acids.: B
5. The nurse is correct to state that a client's body needs to have adequate
nutrition to maintain energy. Which type of transport of dissolved substances
requires adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
A. Osmosis
B. Passive diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport: D- active transport requires use of body’s energy molecule ATP to meet body needs for
fluid and particle transport
6. Which laboratory result does the nurse identify as a direct result of the client's
hypovolemic status with hemoconcentration?
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A. Abnormal potassium level
B. Elevated hematocrit level
C. Low white blood count
D. Low urine specific gravity: B
7. The nurse is caring for a client in heart failure with signs of hypervolemia.
Which vital sign is indicative of the disease process?
A. Low heart rate
B. Elevated blood pressure
C. Rapid respiration
D. Subnormal temperature: B
8. A nurse is providing an afternoon shift report and relates morning assess-
mint findings to the oncoming nurse. Which daily assessment data is nieces-
sari to determine changes in the client's hypervolemia status?
A. vital signs
B. edema
C. intake and output
D. weight: D
9. The nurse is reviewing client lab work for a critical lab value. Which value is
called to the health care provider for additional prescriptions?
A. Potassium: 5.8 me/L
B. Sodium: 138 me/L
C. Magnesium:2 me/L
D. Calcium: 10 mg/dL: A
10. The nurse is assigned a client with calcium level of 4.0 mg/dL. Which system
assessment would the nurse ask detailed questions?
A. Endocrine system
B. Gastrointestinal system
C. Neurological system
D. Musculoskeletal system: C- this pt has hypocalcemia. Nurse will monitor for neurological manifesto-
tons such as spasms and seizures
11. The nurse is caring for a client with multiple organ failure and in metabolic
acidosis. Which pair of organs is responsible for regulatory processes and
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compensation?
A. Kidney and liver
B. Heart and lungs
C. Lungs and kidney
D. Pancreas and stomach: C
12. The nurse receives report that a client's pH level is 7.4. Which nursing action
would be most appropriate?
A. Call the health care provider with the report.
B. Encourage the client to practice deep breathing.
C. Finish the head-to-toe assessment.
D. Obtain an ECG.: C
13. The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with chronic ob.-
strictive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is experiencing respiratory acidosis.
The client asks what is making the acidotic state. What does the nurse identify
as the result of the disease process that causes the fall in pH?
A. The lungs are unable to breathe in sufficient oxygen.
B. The lungs are unable to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
C. The lungs have ineffective cilia from years of smoking.
D. The lungs are not able to regulate carbonic acid levels.: D
14. The nurse is caring for a client with frequent dizziness. The nurse is eval-
eating the client for postural hypotension. Which of the following symptoms
would indicate a potential diagnosis?
A. A blood pressure elevation upon activity
B. A drop in systolic blood pressure (15 mm Hg) upon rising
C. A pulsating headache
D. A drop in diastolic blood pressure (25 mmHg) upon rising: B
15. A nurse is assessing a client's reflexes. Which condition does the nurse need
to confirm when tapping the facial nerve of a client who has dysphagia?
A. Hypervolemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hypomagnesemia
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D. Hypermagnesemia: C
unilateral spasm of facial muscles when the nurse taps over the facial muscle. Known as Chvostek's sign
16. The nursing student is preparing to care for an ICU client with shock. The
instructor asks the student to name the different categories of shock. Which of
the following is a category of shock?
A. Hypervolemic
B. Distributive
C. Restrictive
D. Cardiotonic: B
17. The nurse is caring for a client in septic shock. The nurse knows to closely
monitor the client. What finding would the nurse observe when the client's
condition is in its initial stages?
A. A rapid, bounding pulse
B. A slow but steady pulse
C. A weak and thready pulse
D. A slow and imperceptible pulse: A
18. The nurse is caring for a client with shock. The nurse is concerned about
hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis with the client. What finding should the
nurse analyze for evidence of hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis in a client with
shock?
A. Serum thyroid level findings
B. Arterial blood gas (ABG) findings
C. Red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin count findings
D. White blood cell counts findings: B
19. The nurse is caring for a client who is in neurogenic shock. The nurse knows
that this is a subcategory of what kind of shock?
A. Obstructive
B. Hypovolemic
C. Carcinogenic
D. Distributive: D
20. The student nurse is being precepted in the ICU. The student is caring
for a client in the compensatory stage of shock who is hypovolemic. Which
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g47v22
1. The nurse knows to take extra care to check for signs of bruising or bleeding
with which electrolyte imbalance? Hypocalcemia
hypocalcemia can attest clotting
2. The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for a client with a possible
acid-base imbalance. The physician has prescribed an arterial blood gas (ABG).
What is one of the most important indications of an acid-base imbalance that
is shown in an ABG?
a) PaO2
b) PO2
c)Carbonic acid d)
Bicarbonate: D
3. The nursing instructor is talking with the nursing class about fluid and Elec-
tyrolite balance. What would the instructor tell the students that the average
daily fluid intake for an adult is? 2500ml
4. The nurse is instructing on the body's negative feedback loop to ensure
homeostasis to a group of students. Which action by bases keeps the blood
pH nearly neutral?
A. Bases cast off acids.
B. Bases bind with hydrogen.
C. Bases hold acidic properties.
D. Bases have no contact with acids.: B
5. The nurse is correct to state that a client's body needs to have adequate
nutrition to maintain energy. Which type of transport of dissolved substances
requires adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
A. Osmosis
B. Passive diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport: D- active transport requires use of body’s energy molecule ATP to meet body needs for
fluid and particle transport
6. Which laboratory result does the nurse identify as a direct result of the client's
hypovolemic status with hemoconcentration?
, 4003 Variations Final Revie
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g47v22
A. Abnormal potassium level
B. Elevated hematocrit level
C. Low white blood count
D. Low urine specific gravity: B
7. The nurse is caring for a client in heart failure with signs of hypervolemia.
Which vital sign is indicative of the disease process?
A. Low heart rate
B. Elevated blood pressure
C. Rapid respiration
D. Subnormal temperature: B
8. A nurse is providing an afternoon shift report and relates morning assess-
mint findings to the oncoming nurse. Which daily assessment data is nieces-
sari to determine changes in the client's hypervolemia status?
A. vital signs
B. edema
C. intake and output
D. weight: D
9. The nurse is reviewing client lab work for a critical lab value. Which value is
called to the health care provider for additional prescriptions?
A. Potassium: 5.8 me/L
B. Sodium: 138 me/L
C. Magnesium:2 me/L
D. Calcium: 10 mg/dL: A
10. The nurse is assigned a client with calcium level of 4.0 mg/dL. Which system
assessment would the nurse ask detailed questions?
A. Endocrine system
B. Gastrointestinal system
C. Neurological system
D. Musculoskeletal system: C- this pt has hypocalcemia. Nurse will monitor for neurological manifesto-
tons such as spasms and seizures
11. The nurse is caring for a client with multiple organ failure and in metabolic
acidosis. Which pair of organs is responsible for regulatory processes and
, 4003 Variations Final Revie
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g47v22
compensation?
A. Kidney and liver
B. Heart and lungs
C. Lungs and kidney
D. Pancreas and stomach: C
12. The nurse receives report that a client's pH level is 7.4. Which nursing action
would be most appropriate?
A. Call the health care provider with the report.
B. Encourage the client to practice deep breathing.
C. Finish the head-to-toe assessment.
D. Obtain an ECG.: C
13. The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with chronic ob.-
strictive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is experiencing respiratory acidosis.
The client asks what is making the acidotic state. What does the nurse identify
as the result of the disease process that causes the fall in pH?
A. The lungs are unable to breathe in sufficient oxygen.
B. The lungs are unable to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
C. The lungs have ineffective cilia from years of smoking.
D. The lungs are not able to regulate carbonic acid levels.: D
14. The nurse is caring for a client with frequent dizziness. The nurse is eval-
eating the client for postural hypotension. Which of the following symptoms
would indicate a potential diagnosis?
A. A blood pressure elevation upon activity
B. A drop in systolic blood pressure (15 mm Hg) upon rising
C. A pulsating headache
D. A drop in diastolic blood pressure (25 mmHg) upon rising: B
15. A nurse is assessing a client's reflexes. Which condition does the nurse need
to confirm when tapping the facial nerve of a client who has dysphagia?
A. Hypervolemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hypomagnesemia
, 4003 Variations Final Revie
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D. Hypermagnesemia: C
unilateral spasm of facial muscles when the nurse taps over the facial muscle. Known as Chvostek's sign
16. The nursing student is preparing to care for an ICU client with shock. The
instructor asks the student to name the different categories of shock. Which of
the following is a category of shock?
A. Hypervolemic
B. Distributive
C. Restrictive
D. Cardiotonic: B
17. The nurse is caring for a client in septic shock. The nurse knows to closely
monitor the client. What finding would the nurse observe when the client's
condition is in its initial stages?
A. A rapid, bounding pulse
B. A slow but steady pulse
C. A weak and thready pulse
D. A slow and imperceptible pulse: A
18. The nurse is caring for a client with shock. The nurse is concerned about
hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis with the client. What finding should the
nurse analyze for evidence of hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis in a client with
shock?
A. Serum thyroid level findings
B. Arterial blood gas (ABG) findings
C. Red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin count findings
D. White blood cell counts findings: B
19. The nurse is caring for a client who is in neurogenic shock. The nurse knows
that this is a subcategory of what kind of shock?
A. Obstructive
B. Hypovolemic
C. Carcinogenic
D. Distributive: D
20. The student nurse is being precepted in the ICU. The student is caring
for a client in the compensatory stage of shock who is hypovolemic. Which
