AQA A-level Biology paper 1
Actual Exam Questions with
solved answers.
A experiment is reproducible if.... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅....the results/pattern of
your data matches the data of others
A vaccine can be used to produce immunity. Describe how memory cells are important
in this process. (3) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅important because when individual is in
contact with virus again, antibodies can be produced at a faster rate in a secondary
immune response, and so the pathogen can be destroyed faster.
abiotic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅non-living
Alpha - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Which type of glucose makes up starch?
Alpha and beta glucose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅H and OH swapped on Carbon 1.
Amylopectin - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Branched form of starch. More easily
hydrolysed.
Amylose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Coiled, compact form of starch. Stored easily.
amylose and amylopectin - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Names of two types of starch
artery structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅thick muscle layer so that they can dilate
and contract to smooth blood flow.
thick elastic layer so artery can stretch and recoil with systole and diastole, smoothing
blood flow.
overall thickness of wall is large so that it doesn't burst under pressure.
artificial active immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅involves inducing an immune
response in an individual
WITHOUT them suffering the symptoms of the disease.
e.g. vaccinations
memory cells produced
Attaching lactase to the beads is a more efficient use of lactase than adding the lactase
directly to cow's milk.
,Suggest three reasons why it is more efficient to attach lactase to the beads. -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅lactase bead can be reused
continuous process
lactase not present in milk
Benedict's test - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Which food test is heated in a water bath?
Benedicts will turn from ........... to ........... in the presence of reducing sugars -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅blue to brick red
Beta - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅What type of glucose is cellulose made from?
biotic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅living
Biuret is made up of... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅equal volumes and copper sulphate
and sodium hydroxide
Biuret will turn from ......... to ......... in the presence of proteins. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅blue to purple
branched - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Glycogen is....
capillary structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one cell thick endothelium. allows rapid
diffusion.
numerous, highly branched, so provides a larger surface area.
narrow lumen and diameter.
spaces in lining to allow tissue fluid to form.
courtship behaviour results in reproductive success by... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1.
allowing recognition of own species
2. identifying those capable of breeding
3. forming a pair bond
4. synchronising mating
define community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅all the populations of different species
living and interacting in a particular place at the same time.
define ecological niche - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The position occupied by an
organism in a particular ecosystem, dependent upon the resources it uses. The more
resources that are taken into account then the more carefully defined the organism's
niche will be, the organism will become more specialised.
define ecology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the study of the inter-relationships between
organisms and their environment, including abiotic and biotic factors.
, define ecosystem - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅dynamic systems made up of a
community and all the non-living factors of its environment. It includes all the living
organisms that interact with one another and also with the physical and non-physical
factors present.
define genome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the complete set of genes in a cell
define habitat - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the place where an organism normally lives
define population - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a group of individuals that occupy the
same habitat at the same time and are potentially able to interbreed.
define proteome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the full range of proteins that a cell is able
to produce
describe and explain the countercurrent exchange principle - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅-the blood and the water flow in opposite directions
-Maintains maximum diffusion gradient across all of gill.
describe and explain why plant stomata links to gas exchange and its benefits -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stomata are like minute pores, on the underside of leaves.
each has guard cells, which control the rate of gas exchange
guard cells close when water loss is excessive
Describe how carbon dioxide in the air outside a leaf reaches mesophyll cells inside the
leaf (3) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅it enters via stomata, which are opened as guard
cells open. if diffuses down a concentration gradient through the air spaces.
Describe how oxygen in air in the alveoli enters the blood in capillaries. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅diffusion across alveoli epithelium
describe humoral immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅B cells take up antigens and
present them. B cells activated by T-helper cells and form plasma cells. Plasma cells
secrete antibodies and form memory cells.
describe the involvement of RER in producing chylomicrons - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅RER synthesises proteins in the ribosomes, which are needed to form
chylomicrons.
describe the process of expiration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅internal intercostals
contract, external intercostals relax. ribs movie in and downwards. diaphragm relaxes.
this decreases thorax volume
air pressure in lungs becomes greater than atmospheric pressure, so air is forced out
Actual Exam Questions with
solved answers.
A experiment is reproducible if.... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅....the results/pattern of
your data matches the data of others
A vaccine can be used to produce immunity. Describe how memory cells are important
in this process. (3) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅important because when individual is in
contact with virus again, antibodies can be produced at a faster rate in a secondary
immune response, and so the pathogen can be destroyed faster.
abiotic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅non-living
Alpha - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Which type of glucose makes up starch?
Alpha and beta glucose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅H and OH swapped on Carbon 1.
Amylopectin - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Branched form of starch. More easily
hydrolysed.
Amylose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Coiled, compact form of starch. Stored easily.
amylose and amylopectin - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Names of two types of starch
artery structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅thick muscle layer so that they can dilate
and contract to smooth blood flow.
thick elastic layer so artery can stretch and recoil with systole and diastole, smoothing
blood flow.
overall thickness of wall is large so that it doesn't burst under pressure.
artificial active immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅involves inducing an immune
response in an individual
WITHOUT them suffering the symptoms of the disease.
e.g. vaccinations
memory cells produced
Attaching lactase to the beads is a more efficient use of lactase than adding the lactase
directly to cow's milk.
,Suggest three reasons why it is more efficient to attach lactase to the beads. -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅lactase bead can be reused
continuous process
lactase not present in milk
Benedict's test - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Which food test is heated in a water bath?
Benedicts will turn from ........... to ........... in the presence of reducing sugars -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅blue to brick red
Beta - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅What type of glucose is cellulose made from?
biotic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅living
Biuret is made up of... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅equal volumes and copper sulphate
and sodium hydroxide
Biuret will turn from ......... to ......... in the presence of proteins. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅blue to purple
branched - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Glycogen is....
capillary structure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one cell thick endothelium. allows rapid
diffusion.
numerous, highly branched, so provides a larger surface area.
narrow lumen and diameter.
spaces in lining to allow tissue fluid to form.
courtship behaviour results in reproductive success by... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1.
allowing recognition of own species
2. identifying those capable of breeding
3. forming a pair bond
4. synchronising mating
define community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅all the populations of different species
living and interacting in a particular place at the same time.
define ecological niche - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The position occupied by an
organism in a particular ecosystem, dependent upon the resources it uses. The more
resources that are taken into account then the more carefully defined the organism's
niche will be, the organism will become more specialised.
define ecology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the study of the inter-relationships between
organisms and their environment, including abiotic and biotic factors.
, define ecosystem - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅dynamic systems made up of a
community and all the non-living factors of its environment. It includes all the living
organisms that interact with one another and also with the physical and non-physical
factors present.
define genome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the complete set of genes in a cell
define habitat - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the place where an organism normally lives
define population - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a group of individuals that occupy the
same habitat at the same time and are potentially able to interbreed.
define proteome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the full range of proteins that a cell is able
to produce
describe and explain the countercurrent exchange principle - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅-the blood and the water flow in opposite directions
-Maintains maximum diffusion gradient across all of gill.
describe and explain why plant stomata links to gas exchange and its benefits -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stomata are like minute pores, on the underside of leaves.
each has guard cells, which control the rate of gas exchange
guard cells close when water loss is excessive
Describe how carbon dioxide in the air outside a leaf reaches mesophyll cells inside the
leaf (3) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅it enters via stomata, which are opened as guard
cells open. if diffuses down a concentration gradient through the air spaces.
Describe how oxygen in air in the alveoli enters the blood in capillaries. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅diffusion across alveoli epithelium
describe humoral immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅B cells take up antigens and
present them. B cells activated by T-helper cells and form plasma cells. Plasma cells
secrete antibodies and form memory cells.
describe the involvement of RER in producing chylomicrons - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅RER synthesises proteins in the ribosomes, which are needed to form
chylomicrons.
describe the process of expiration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅internal intercostals
contract, external intercostals relax. ribs movie in and downwards. diaphragm relaxes.
this decreases thorax volume
air pressure in lungs becomes greater than atmospheric pressure, so air is forced out
