HUMAN MOVEMENT FINAL USAHS FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Why do ROM testing?. Answer: You complete ROM to understand a general overview
from a ROM standpoint to evaluate what you want to look at closer. If you notice a deficit you
would take more careful measures with a goni
● How can limits of motion affect occupation participation?. Answer: Impairment in ROM
can limit engagement in meaningful occupations. This can be a limiting factor in occupations.
Look at demands of task! What is limiting engagement? Our goal is to maximize function. Pain
and limited ROM decreases ability to participate in occupational participation, control pain,
increase function!
● Limits to ROM can be caused by. Answer: Trauma to the joint or the surrounding tissues
Disease of the joint or surrounding tissue.
● What is AROM?. Answer: client is contracting muscles to perform a motion. Bringing food
to mouth, contract biceps. If we can't, then figure out why!
● SROM. Answer: OT or Client performs ROM on themselves on the affected side using the
unaffected side.
● AAROM. Answer: Client or therapist provides some help during AROM so the client can
move beyond where they can actively move alone. Use stronger side. Sometimes clients or
family members choose not to take our advice so we need a plan B.
● PROM. Answer: Therapist moves the client through a given range. Normal to have a bit
more PROM than AROM. If there is a large discrepancy or unexpected end feel you need to
evaluate further.
● What can cause differences between AROM and PROM?. Answer: A tendon is not
intact. Such as a laceration or avulsion. Instead of strengthening they may need repair, or
limit. Muscle weakness. Passive range would move more than active. Strengthening would be
treatment. If tendon is not intact, person may need repair depending on severity. Pain can
limit ROM. Upon contraction it may hurt more. They can tolerate passive better than active bc
they aren't actively contracting muscle even if something else is the underlying cause. Scar
tissue. Passive range can be intact but active range is bogged down by tissue. Individuals
may need surgery and OT.
, ● If both AROM and PROM are blocked, it could be:. Answer: Bony block Capsular
tightness Muscle tightness Edema Contractures Extensive scar tissue
● When movement stops because bony surfaces meet, this is considered a ____ end
feel. Answer: bony
● Types of end feels:. Answer: Capsular Soft: muscle on muscle or tissue on tissue. Hard or
bony: bone on bone. Firm: Stretch feeling at the end of ROM Spasm Empty Springy end feel
● Movement issues associated with edema:. Answer: Decrease ROM Pain Decreased
sensation Decreased occupational participation
● How to measure edema. Answer: Tape measure and volumeter. Tape measures (mm)
larger body parts or single finger, or when surgical sutures are present. (Circumference using
anatomical landmarks every time) Volumeter is for a full hand. Measuring one finger is mm
tape measurement or if they can't submerge their hand under water. BUT volumeter is the
gold standard for all other times! Measure in exact same place, use anatomic landmarks.
Measure distal to ulnar styloid or at the PIP at the index finger, or 2 cm proximal to MPC's at
the end. Make them clear!!! Allows for comparing results and accuracy.
● Strength assessments (4). Answer: Specific MMT-used for specific muscle groups. Gross
MMT-used for generalized weakness Grip Strength-Jamar dynamometer in the second rung
Pinch Strength-pinch meter (3 pinches, tip, lateral, palmar) If a person has lifting restrictions or
lack of full ROM you don't want to do this.
● What is dexterity?. Answer: Refers to the ability to manipulate objects. Required for
successful engagement in occupations (ROM, strength, and sensation required). Button a
shirt Writing
● Conditions that impact endurance. Answer: Cardiac Pulmonary Prolonged bed rest Loss
of muscle function Need for prosthesis or adaptive equipment
● Which assessment is the gold standard for O2 saturation?. Answer: BORG RPE is
gold standard!! You want to monitor O2 saturation and borg perceived exertion scale Person
with cardiac or pulmonary problems will need O2 monitored! Muscular endurance: continue to
work without being overly fatigued.
● What is Joint restriction?. Answer: muscle limiting ROM is a passive measurement that
indirectly represents the muscle that's been shortened.
● Grip Strength. Answer: Use a dynamometer: Sitting up straight in a chair with no arms,
elbow flexed in neutral. SQUEEZE! Typically do 3 trials and average. Some research says
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Why do ROM testing?. Answer: You complete ROM to understand a general overview
from a ROM standpoint to evaluate what you want to look at closer. If you notice a deficit you
would take more careful measures with a goni
● How can limits of motion affect occupation participation?. Answer: Impairment in ROM
can limit engagement in meaningful occupations. This can be a limiting factor in occupations.
Look at demands of task! What is limiting engagement? Our goal is to maximize function. Pain
and limited ROM decreases ability to participate in occupational participation, control pain,
increase function!
● Limits to ROM can be caused by. Answer: Trauma to the joint or the surrounding tissues
Disease of the joint or surrounding tissue.
● What is AROM?. Answer: client is contracting muscles to perform a motion. Bringing food
to mouth, contract biceps. If we can't, then figure out why!
● SROM. Answer: OT or Client performs ROM on themselves on the affected side using the
unaffected side.
● AAROM. Answer: Client or therapist provides some help during AROM so the client can
move beyond where they can actively move alone. Use stronger side. Sometimes clients or
family members choose not to take our advice so we need a plan B.
● PROM. Answer: Therapist moves the client through a given range. Normal to have a bit
more PROM than AROM. If there is a large discrepancy or unexpected end feel you need to
evaluate further.
● What can cause differences between AROM and PROM?. Answer: A tendon is not
intact. Such as a laceration or avulsion. Instead of strengthening they may need repair, or
limit. Muscle weakness. Passive range would move more than active. Strengthening would be
treatment. If tendon is not intact, person may need repair depending on severity. Pain can
limit ROM. Upon contraction it may hurt more. They can tolerate passive better than active bc
they aren't actively contracting muscle even if something else is the underlying cause. Scar
tissue. Passive range can be intact but active range is bogged down by tissue. Individuals
may need surgery and OT.
, ● If both AROM and PROM are blocked, it could be:. Answer: Bony block Capsular
tightness Muscle tightness Edema Contractures Extensive scar tissue
● When movement stops because bony surfaces meet, this is considered a ____ end
feel. Answer: bony
● Types of end feels:. Answer: Capsular Soft: muscle on muscle or tissue on tissue. Hard or
bony: bone on bone. Firm: Stretch feeling at the end of ROM Spasm Empty Springy end feel
● Movement issues associated with edema:. Answer: Decrease ROM Pain Decreased
sensation Decreased occupational participation
● How to measure edema. Answer: Tape measure and volumeter. Tape measures (mm)
larger body parts or single finger, or when surgical sutures are present. (Circumference using
anatomical landmarks every time) Volumeter is for a full hand. Measuring one finger is mm
tape measurement or if they can't submerge their hand under water. BUT volumeter is the
gold standard for all other times! Measure in exact same place, use anatomic landmarks.
Measure distal to ulnar styloid or at the PIP at the index finger, or 2 cm proximal to MPC's at
the end. Make them clear!!! Allows for comparing results and accuracy.
● Strength assessments (4). Answer: Specific MMT-used for specific muscle groups. Gross
MMT-used for generalized weakness Grip Strength-Jamar dynamometer in the second rung
Pinch Strength-pinch meter (3 pinches, tip, lateral, palmar) If a person has lifting restrictions or
lack of full ROM you don't want to do this.
● What is dexterity?. Answer: Refers to the ability to manipulate objects. Required for
successful engagement in occupations (ROM, strength, and sensation required). Button a
shirt Writing
● Conditions that impact endurance. Answer: Cardiac Pulmonary Prolonged bed rest Loss
of muscle function Need for prosthesis or adaptive equipment
● Which assessment is the gold standard for O2 saturation?. Answer: BORG RPE is
gold standard!! You want to monitor O2 saturation and borg perceived exertion scale Person
with cardiac or pulmonary problems will need O2 monitored! Muscular endurance: continue to
work without being overly fatigued.
● What is Joint restriction?. Answer: muscle limiting ROM is a passive measurement that
indirectly represents the muscle that's been shortened.
● Grip Strength. Answer: Use a dynamometer: Sitting up straight in a chair with no arms,
elbow flexed in neutral. SQUEEZE! Typically do 3 trials and average. Some research says
