PSY 121 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Which part of the neuron improves the speed of the neural impulse? - Answers - Myelin
sheath
What is the brief electrical impulse that travels down the axon called? - Answers - Action
potential
1. At its resting state, the outside of a neuron is more __________ _______ than the
inside of the neuron - Answers - positively charged
An action potential occurs when the inside of a cell becomes more __________
charged and the __________ charge moves down the axon - Answers - positively;
electrical
In the process of neurotransmission, the action potential causes neurotransmitters to be
released from the ________ ________ into the _______ - Answers - synaptic vesicles;
synapse
Danny has terrible migraines that interfere with his ability to complete his work. He just
learned from his psychology class that the migraines could be caused by an
overabundance of which neurotransmitter? - Answers - Glutamate
A drug like nicotine that produces a biological response in the brain is called a(n): -
Answers - agonist
When you touch a hot stove and immediately withdraw your hand, it is called a ______
and is the result of interneurons within the ______ ____ - Answers - reflex; spinal cord
Clayton incurred a spinal cord injury, and the doctors wanted to enroll him in a clinical
trial that used stem cells in the treatment. Stem cells are special because they can -
Answers - turn into other specialized cells in the body
Chemical substances in the body that regulate bodily activities such as growth,
metabolism, and sexual reproduction are called - Answers - hormones
The endocrine system consists of many glands that release hormones for different
functions. Which gland is considered the master gland that communicates with all the
other glands? - Answers - Pituitary gland
Javier has been complaining of being fatigued, cold, and depressed lately. His doctor
decides to run some tests on his endocrine system. What condition might the doctor test
for given his symptoms? - Answers - Hypothyroidism
,Tomas has been playing the piano since age 5. Throughout his adolescence, he also
taught himself to play guitar, bass, and the drums. Due to his practice with musical
instruments, Tomas's brain would show improved - Answers - synaptic plasticity
A doctor wants detailed pictures of the structures in a patient's brain but doesn't want to
expose the patient to any radiation. What would be the best method of assessment for
the doctor to use? - Answers - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Samson is a client in a sleep lab and is going to have his brain wave activity measured
while sleeping. He will have electrodes placed all over his skull so that the test can
measure his brain activity. This type of test is called - Answers - electroencephalogram
(EEG)
What part of the brain allows us to detect danger even below the level of conscious
awareness? - Answers - Amygdala
The cerebral cortex is divided into ____ lobes with the _________ lobe at the back of
the head - Answers - four; occipital
Sophie has entered her first spelling bee. In addition to studying from a long list of
words, she spends time planning how to psyche out her competitors on the big day.
Which lobe of her brain would she primarily be using during these activities? - Answers -
Frontal
Which structure in the limbic system is responsible for voluntary movement and
coordination? - Answers - Basal ganglia
Andre suffered brain damage from an accident at work. Since his accident, he seems to
be unaware of his own body parts and at times unable to feel pain. Which lobe of his
brain is likely to have incurred damage? - Answers - Parietal
Yuna loves to play soccer and is an aggressive player who will head the ball as often as
she can. Her parents have noticed that she has been forgetting to turn in assignments
and forgetting when she is supposed to hang out with friend. They are concerned
because - Answers - recent research has suggested that heading the ball can lead to
memory problems
What is the name for the band of axons that connects the right hemisphere of the brain
to the left hemisphere? - Answers - Corpus callosum
For most people, language is processed in which hemisphere of the brain? - Answers -
Left
Jaselyn has a pair of heterozygous genes for a "widow's peak" hairline. What kind of
hairline will she inherit? - Answers - A widow's peak hairline
, The complete set of instructions for our physical and psychological characteristics is
called our - Answers - genome
Twin sisters Leah and Lily know they have the genetics for heart disease. Both sisters
like to exercise, but Lily also has a high-stress job and only sleeps four hours a night.
Leah is a yoga instructor and eats a mostly vegetarian diet. The field of epigenetics
would suggest - Answers - the environment has the ability to change gene expression,
so both women can change their risk of developing heart disease
A person's genetic makeup is referred to as ________, whereas the observable traits
that are expressed from genes is referred to as _________ - Answers - genotype;
phenotype
Grady was adopted shortly after birth into a loving home. Neither of his adopted parents
drank alcohol or did any drugs. Throughout his adolescence and into adulthood, Grady
struggled with substance abuse. He eventually found out that his biological mother was
an alcoholic for her entire life. What does this scenario suggest? - Answers - There is
likely a strong genetic explanation for Grady's substance abuse
The cell body that contains the nucleus, which includes DNA and other structures that
support the neuron, is called the - Answers - soma
The structures that extend out from the axon and release chemicals into the space
between neurons are called - Answers - terminal buttons
The neuron that secretes neurotransmitters into the synapse is called the ___________
______, and the neuron that receives the signal is called the ____________ ______ -
Answers - presynaptic neuron; postsynaptic neuron
At its resting state, the inside of a neuron is more __________ _______ than the
outside - Answers - negatively charged
An action potential occurs when: the inside of the cell becomes ___________ and
reaches its threshold, which causes an __________ reaction - Answers - depolarized;
electrical
An action potential becomes a ________ event once the ________________ is
released into the synapse - Answers - chemical; neurotransmitter
Muhammad Ali had trouble controlling his motor movements in the last decades of his
life. He had tremors in his muscles, which made it difficult for him to walk and talk. He
was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, which means he had low levels of which
neurotransmitter? - Answers - Dopamine
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Which part of the neuron improves the speed of the neural impulse? - Answers - Myelin
sheath
What is the brief electrical impulse that travels down the axon called? - Answers - Action
potential
1. At its resting state, the outside of a neuron is more __________ _______ than the
inside of the neuron - Answers - positively charged
An action potential occurs when the inside of a cell becomes more __________
charged and the __________ charge moves down the axon - Answers - positively;
electrical
In the process of neurotransmission, the action potential causes neurotransmitters to be
released from the ________ ________ into the _______ - Answers - synaptic vesicles;
synapse
Danny has terrible migraines that interfere with his ability to complete his work. He just
learned from his psychology class that the migraines could be caused by an
overabundance of which neurotransmitter? - Answers - Glutamate
A drug like nicotine that produces a biological response in the brain is called a(n): -
Answers - agonist
When you touch a hot stove and immediately withdraw your hand, it is called a ______
and is the result of interneurons within the ______ ____ - Answers - reflex; spinal cord
Clayton incurred a spinal cord injury, and the doctors wanted to enroll him in a clinical
trial that used stem cells in the treatment. Stem cells are special because they can -
Answers - turn into other specialized cells in the body
Chemical substances in the body that regulate bodily activities such as growth,
metabolism, and sexual reproduction are called - Answers - hormones
The endocrine system consists of many glands that release hormones for different
functions. Which gland is considered the master gland that communicates with all the
other glands? - Answers - Pituitary gland
Javier has been complaining of being fatigued, cold, and depressed lately. His doctor
decides to run some tests on his endocrine system. What condition might the doctor test
for given his symptoms? - Answers - Hypothyroidism
,Tomas has been playing the piano since age 5. Throughout his adolescence, he also
taught himself to play guitar, bass, and the drums. Due to his practice with musical
instruments, Tomas's brain would show improved - Answers - synaptic plasticity
A doctor wants detailed pictures of the structures in a patient's brain but doesn't want to
expose the patient to any radiation. What would be the best method of assessment for
the doctor to use? - Answers - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Samson is a client in a sleep lab and is going to have his brain wave activity measured
while sleeping. He will have electrodes placed all over his skull so that the test can
measure his brain activity. This type of test is called - Answers - electroencephalogram
(EEG)
What part of the brain allows us to detect danger even below the level of conscious
awareness? - Answers - Amygdala
The cerebral cortex is divided into ____ lobes with the _________ lobe at the back of
the head - Answers - four; occipital
Sophie has entered her first spelling bee. In addition to studying from a long list of
words, she spends time planning how to psyche out her competitors on the big day.
Which lobe of her brain would she primarily be using during these activities? - Answers -
Frontal
Which structure in the limbic system is responsible for voluntary movement and
coordination? - Answers - Basal ganglia
Andre suffered brain damage from an accident at work. Since his accident, he seems to
be unaware of his own body parts and at times unable to feel pain. Which lobe of his
brain is likely to have incurred damage? - Answers - Parietal
Yuna loves to play soccer and is an aggressive player who will head the ball as often as
she can. Her parents have noticed that she has been forgetting to turn in assignments
and forgetting when she is supposed to hang out with friend. They are concerned
because - Answers - recent research has suggested that heading the ball can lead to
memory problems
What is the name for the band of axons that connects the right hemisphere of the brain
to the left hemisphere? - Answers - Corpus callosum
For most people, language is processed in which hemisphere of the brain? - Answers -
Left
Jaselyn has a pair of heterozygous genes for a "widow's peak" hairline. What kind of
hairline will she inherit? - Answers - A widow's peak hairline
, The complete set of instructions for our physical and psychological characteristics is
called our - Answers - genome
Twin sisters Leah and Lily know they have the genetics for heart disease. Both sisters
like to exercise, but Lily also has a high-stress job and only sleeps four hours a night.
Leah is a yoga instructor and eats a mostly vegetarian diet. The field of epigenetics
would suggest - Answers - the environment has the ability to change gene expression,
so both women can change their risk of developing heart disease
A person's genetic makeup is referred to as ________, whereas the observable traits
that are expressed from genes is referred to as _________ - Answers - genotype;
phenotype
Grady was adopted shortly after birth into a loving home. Neither of his adopted parents
drank alcohol or did any drugs. Throughout his adolescence and into adulthood, Grady
struggled with substance abuse. He eventually found out that his biological mother was
an alcoholic for her entire life. What does this scenario suggest? - Answers - There is
likely a strong genetic explanation for Grady's substance abuse
The cell body that contains the nucleus, which includes DNA and other structures that
support the neuron, is called the - Answers - soma
The structures that extend out from the axon and release chemicals into the space
between neurons are called - Answers - terminal buttons
The neuron that secretes neurotransmitters into the synapse is called the ___________
______, and the neuron that receives the signal is called the ____________ ______ -
Answers - presynaptic neuron; postsynaptic neuron
At its resting state, the inside of a neuron is more __________ _______ than the
outside - Answers - negatively charged
An action potential occurs when: the inside of the cell becomes ___________ and
reaches its threshold, which causes an __________ reaction - Answers - depolarized;
electrical
An action potential becomes a ________ event once the ________________ is
released into the synapse - Answers - chemical; neurotransmitter
Muhammad Ali had trouble controlling his motor movements in the last decades of his
life. He had tremors in his muscles, which made it difficult for him to walk and talk. He
was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, which means he had low levels of which
neurotransmitter? - Answers - Dopamine
