PSY 2012 MAJOR TEST 4 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

PSY 2012 MAJOR TEST 4 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 A commercial using central route persA commercial using central route persuasion to advertise a certain brand of cereal would MOST likely draw your attention to the: - Answers great nutritional value of the cereal. In your psychology class, your professor discussed a discovery by a team of archaeologists of several skulls with holes cut in them at a prehistoric burial site in southern Russia. Your professor explained that the holes in these skulls were MOST likely made in an effort to: - Answers allow the evil spirits thought to cause mental illnesses to escape the brain. James's parents notice that he has problems focusing. He is also easily distracted and forgetful. James often loses what he needs to finish school tasks. James's parents see no issues with his level of activity and he is not impulsive. What disorder would James MOST accurately be diagnosed with? - Answers ADHD Dr. Thompson is a therapist focusing on substance abuse issues. Dr. Thompson typically conducts therapy with several people at once who suffer from these issues. Dr. Thompson gives feedback to his clients and they also give feedback to one another. Dr. Thompson is MOST likely conducting _____ therapy. - Answers group Two years ago, Kiara was diagnosed with a psychological disorder. One of Kiara's symptoms is that she believes that she was replaced with an exact copy of herself by aliens. Another of Kiara's symptoms is her speech. It is difficult to follow what Kiara is trying to say. For instance, Kiara recently told her doctor, "You are a spackle moggie. I know because the president of the world was elected to terminate the space aliens. They're pepper pots and they built the Empire State Building and turned people into pigs when they were done." The disorder Kiara was MOST likely diagnosed with is: - Answers schizophrenia For the past several days, Paul has had boundless energy. His thoughts feel like they are racing and he can't get his ideas and words out fast enough. Paul has gotten very little sleep during this time. Yesterday, Paul decided on a whim to buy a new car, even though he did not need one and could not really afford it. Paul's behavior over the past few days is MOST consistent with a _____ episode. - Answers manic Based on research on the relationship between attributions and prosocial behavior, which group would be most likely to help tsunami victims? A group that was told the victims: - Answers had no idea that the tsunami was going to happen - it was a very sudden natural disaster. Katie lives in an apartment building. When she initially moved in, she wasn't particularly attracted to any of her neighbors and didn't engage socially with any of them. After a year of living there, however, she began feeling increasingly attracted to the fellow who lives in the apartment next to hers. What BEST explains Katie's increased attraction to her next-door neighbor? - Answers mere exposure effect Carrie and Bill decided to see a movie. When they got to the theater, the movie was sold out. Carrie became very upset, telling Bill that it was her fault they wasted their time and that she should have known the movie would be sold out. Even though Bill assured Carrie she did nothing wrong, Carrie continued to blame herself. The cognitive distortion Carrie is demonstrating is MOST likely: - Answers personalization. Dr. Vo teaches a class about types of psychotherapies. Dr. Vo presented a case study of a child who developed a phobia of thunderstorms. The therapist in the case study gradually exposed the child to simulated thunderstorms while in a relaxed state. Eventually, thunderstorms no longer caused the child fear. The therapist in the case study was MOST likely using: - Answers systematic desensitization. Mr. Robinson is a third-grade teacher. Each day, students in Mr. Robinson's class can earn gold stars for following all of the classroom rules. If a student earns enough gold stars, they earn 30 extra minutes of recess. Mr. Robinson is using _____ to encourage rule-following in his classroom. - Answers a token economy Keri has significant test anxiety for which she sees a counselor on campus. In order to understand the sequence that has led Keri to think illogically about tests, Keri and her therapist first determined that the activating event for her anxiety was an upcoming test. Working together, they both also identified the types of thoughts Keri had about upcoming tests. In the ABCDE model of therapy, these thoughts are called: - Answers beliefs. You were assigned to do a paper on a psychological disorder of your choice. You chose to write your paper on the disorder in which a person has more than one distinct personality. These personalities are distinct from one another and often have different abilities and memories. What disorder did you choose to write about? - Answers dissociative identity disorder Jordan is seeing a behavior therapist to help her stop smoking. One of the first things Jordan's therapist did was to determine how many cigarettes she smokes a day. By doing so, Jordan's therapist is determining _____ of Jordan's behavior in order to decrease the frequency of her smoking. - Answers a baseline Angel sees a therapist for an anxiety disorder. Angel's therapist has worked with Angel to help him understand that how he thinks about life events causes his anxiety, rather than the events themselves. Angel is MOST likely working with a _____ therapist. - Answers cognitive Mared wants to ask out her friend Dai but will not because she is afraid that Dai will not only say no, but will never want to speak to Mared again. Mared is demonstrating the cognitive distortion: - Answers catastrophizing. You are a facilitator for a seminar on overcoming prejudice. What research-supported piece of advice will you offer seminar participants to apply to their everyday lives? - Answers Spend time and develop relationships with people different from yourself. You just started working as a server at a local restaurant. As a part of your training, you are expected to shadow an experienced server in order to learn how to perform the job properly. This is MOST similar to which therapeutic technique? - Answers participant modeling Pearl believes that her boss can read her mind, and that she knows exactly what Pearl is thinking. What is Pearl MOST likely experiencing? - Answers a delusion Dr. Rahman works with clients who have severe obsessive-compulsive disorder. Although each client has the same disorder, Dr. Rahman's approach is to make therapeutic decisions based on the characteristics of each client, his own experience, and research evidence. Dr. Rahman's approach to therapy is BEST described as: - Answers evidence-based practice. You recently took a personality test. These results indicated that you are a sincere and honest person. The results also suggested that you are unlikely to be fake with others because being authentic is important to you. The traits you demonstrate are MOST like the essential therapist characteristic of: - Answers genuineness. Throughout childhood and adolescence, James could not stand the smell of cigarette smoke and also swore that he would never smoke because of the tremendous health risks associated with smoking. At a college party, however, James smoked his first cigarette and immediately felt hypocritical. According to social psychologists, what might James do to effectively resolve his cognitive dissonance? - Answers Convince himself that the health risks of smoking are not that bad. You are a barista at a coffee shop. One day, you ask a customer what he wants to order and he replies, "I have a great relationship with him. The Great Barrier Reef is artificial though. It doesn't work that way. They had their heads down but the human life that's involved don't involve heart." Your customer's statements can BEST be described as: - Answers loose associations. Dr. Charles is a highly experienced therapist. Dr. Charles typically has trusting, collaborative relationships with his clients. His clients often tell him they are relieved to be finally dealing with their problems. They also tell him they feel as if their life will start to get better. For Dr. Charles' clients, their best predictor of success is: - Answers the therapeutic alliance. On the website for her therapy practice, Dr. Linden lists her areas of expertise and experience. For clients who have problems not in her areas of expertise and experience, Dr. Linden provides contact information for other therapists who can provide therapy. Dr. Linden understands that she has an ethical obligation to stay within the limits of her expertise and abilities. These limits are called: - Answers boundaries of competence. Hugh was recently sent to prison for stealing a car. Hugh has a long criminal history and as a part of his sentence he was ordered to undergo therapy. In therapy, Hugh told his therapist that he has no remorse for his crimes and believes that his victims deserved what they got. Hugh MOST likely suffers from _____ personality disorder. - Answers antisocial Jacob is a wrestler on his college wrestling team. Jacob has been very concerned about his weight. He knows that if he gains even 5 pounds, he will move into a higher weight class with larger and stronger opponents. To stay in the lower weight class, Jacob began eating much less than he had been eating and lost a significant amount of weight. Even after wrestling season was over, Jacob continued this behavior. Eventually, Jacob became much thinner than what would be expected for someone of his age and height. It is likely that Jacob has developed: - Answers anorexia nervosa. Some American politicians blame undocumented immigrants as being solely responsible for the high levels of unemployment and economic instability in the United States. Such political positions, however, overlook the complexity of the U.S. economy, promote prejudice toward certain groups of immigrants, and serve as a prime example of the: - Answers scapegoat hypothesis. Alfie has been severely depressed for several years. Alfie has taken numerous medications and has repeatedly undergone psychotherapy to no effect. Since psychotherapy and medication have been unsuccessful, Alfie may benefit from _____, which consists of sending an electrical current through a person's brain in order to trigger a seizure. - Answers electroconvulsive therapy In therapy, Lisa often makes jokes or changes the subject when her therapist talks about certain topics. Lisa's therapist believes that when Lisa does this, she is demonstrating the concept of: - Answers resistance Laila has schizophrenia. One of her symptoms is that she believes a particular social media personality makes videos in which he sends her secret messages. Another symptom Laila experiences is that she hears voices that are constantly commenting on what she is doing. Laila's symptoms would be defined as _____ symptoms of schizophrenia. - Answers positive One day in class, Josef began to sweat and feel short of breath. He was suddenly dizzy and afraid he would pass out. Even though he had no heart issues, Josef felt as if he were having a heart attack. There seemed to be nothing that triggered Joseph having this experience. The disorder that BEST describes what Josef is experiencing is: - Answers panic disorder. Dr. Melton is a psychodynamic therapist. Recently, Dr. Melton noticed that her client Brian has started interacting with her in the same way he interacts with his mother. Brian seems unaware that he is treating Dr. Melton in this way. What concept is Brian MOST likely demonstrating? - Answers transference Over the past year, Alexia has been struggling with wide-ranging anxiety. Alexia is worried about school, her family, her job, and her future. Alexia has trouble sleeping and is often restless during the day. Alexia's work and school performance have been suffering as a result. The anxiety disorder Alexia MOST likely has is: - Answers generalized anxiety disorder. Tiffany is taking a class in abnormal psychology. In her class, she learns about a variety of disorders. For each new disorder she learns about, Tiffany starts to believe that she has the symptoms of that disorder. Tiffany's experience is BEST described as: - Answers medical student syndrome. For the past month, Christopher has been in therapy with Dr. Hartfield. Although Dr. Hartfield is the therapist, he believes that Christopher should determine the course of his therapy. Dr. Hartfield feels that by doing so, Christopher's self-actualizing tendency will effectively guide him. Dr. Hartfield is MOST likely using _____ therapy. - Answers nondirective Eliza watches a stranger slip and fall in the hallway at school, dropping his books and spilling coffee out of his travel mug. Although there could be a number of reasons for the accident, Eliza immediately thinks to herself, "Wow, what a klutz!" In doing so, Eliza has just: - Answers committed the fundamental attribution error. In high school, Jonathan had many friends. However, since starting college Jonathan has struggled to make new friends. Over a school break, Jonathan confided in his cousin Kelsey that he thinks he cannot make friends because no one likes him or wants to be friends with him. Kelsey pointed out that Jonathan had many friends before starting college and that he is well-liked in their home community. Kelsey suggested that it takes time to make friends and that Jonathan has not been in college very long. Kelsey is pointing out evidence that does not support Jonathan's illogical thoughts. In REBT, this is called the: - Answers debate Jon was recently diagnosed with a bipolar disorder. For the past 5 years, Jon has had periods where his mood goes up more than usual for him, as well as periods where his mood is lower than usual for him. Between these periods, Jon's emotional state is stable. Jon does not feel his up and down periods are extreme, although they do bother him and can cause him trouble at school and work. What bipolar disorder does Jon MOST likely have? - Answers cyclothymic disorder When Maeve is at home alone and gets a craving for ice cream, she often eats directly out of the carton; however, she would never even consider doing so in front of house guests. The difference in Maeve's behaviors in the presence of other people illustrates: - Answers social influence. In a recent meeting at work, Claude was surprised that all members of his finance committee approved every line item proposed in the new budget. Even though Claude was uncomfortable with some of the proposals, he was more concerned with avoiding conflict with the members and therefore did not raise any points of disagreement. It is likely that Claude was influenced by: - Answers groupthink. A car salesman using the foot-in-the-door technique would MOST likely say: - Answers "Go ahead and take the car for a test drive! Just get a feel for it." Roger has schizophrenia. He and his family have been going to family therapy to work on ways to effectively manage his symptoms as well as to address other family issues. One area the therapist recommends Roger and his family work on is how they interact with one another. Roger and his family tend to be overinvolved in one another's lives and are often openly hostile with one another. This pattern of interaction is called _____ emotion. - Answers expressed Many of Dr. Kreibaum's clients seek therapy for relationship problems. As a rational-emotive behavior therapist, Dr. Kreibaum believes it is important to challenge clients' illogical beliefs about their relationships so that more logical beliefs can be developed. To fully understand her clients' illogical thinking, Dr. Kreibaum first identifies the situation that triggered their illogical thought patterns. This is called the: - Answers activating event. Missy has schizophrenia and she often sees people who are not there. What is Missy's symptom called? - Answers a hallucination Ollie believes the members of his family are cats instead of people. Ollie believes he is also a cat and that his real name is Mr. Whiskers. Ollie often has difficulty connecting with reality. The type of medicine Ollie would MOST likely be prescribed is: - Answers antipsychotic. The World Health Organization states that psychological disorders are caused by a combination of factors such as a person's individual characteristics and genetic makeup as well as exposure to environmental hazards and social, cultural, and economic factors. This explanation of abnormality corresponds MOST closely to the _____ theory of abnormality. - Answers biopsychosocial Max is very close to his grandparents and often spends time with them. However, they often discourage Max from playing with his cousins because they are afraid he will get hurt. Although they mean well, Max's grandparents may cause him to have problems with anxiety due to: - Answers overprotective parenting. When soldiers come together as a large group all wearing the same uniform and with the same buzzed haircut, they are more likely to behave aggressively than they would by themselves. This change in behavior is best explained by the concept of: - Answers deindividuation. On a popular podcast, unusual disappearances are discussed. In a recent episode, the podcasters discussed a woman who was found unconscious, but unharmed, behind a fast-food restaurant in a small town. She was taken to the hospital, where she remained unconscious for several days. When she woke up, she did not know her name, how old she was, where she was or how she got there. She had no memory at all prior to that point. The experience of this woman is BEST described as: - Answers dissociative fugue. Sarah loves to sing and has been performing since she was a young child. She practices regularly, and is always excited to sing in front of a crowd. When Sarah is onstage, she sings her heart out and hits every single note with passion and perfection. Sarah's enhanced performance in front of large audiences can be explained by the concept of: - Answers social facilitation. Natsuki recently began a new job. She likes most of her coworkers although she finds her coworker Stan difficult to work with. With everyone, even their boss, Stan is arrogant and critical. Stan is frustrating to work with because he insists on doing things his way, even when his way clearly will not work. Stan also blames everyone except himself for his problems at work. Although Natsuki may not realize it, Stan very likely has: - Answers a personality disorder. For several years, Shane has struggled with repeated, intrusive thoughts about accidentally hurting another person. These thoughts cause Shane such anxiety that he finds himself doing things such as retracing his route whenever he drives somewhere to make sure he did not accidentally hit someone. Shane MOST likely suffers from which disorder? - Answers obsessive-compulsive disorder Elle has a psychological disorder and her symptoms worry her significantly. Elle is in therapy to help deal with these symptoms because they upset her. Elle is seeking therapy to address which aspect of abnormal functioning? - Answers personal distress Brennan has been in therapy for several months. Recently, Brennan and his therapist started discussing his relationship with his parents. Since then, Brennan's therapist noticed that Brennan has missed several appointments. Brennan also seems less open in therapy and reluctant to speak to the therapist. Brennan's therapist believes that Brennan is MOST likely demonstrating: - Answers all-or-none thinking. Amanda has been concerned lately with how much she weighs. She tries to diet, but she hasn't lost much weight. Amanda weighs about what someone her age and height should, but she still thinks she is overweight. Although it embarrasses Amanda, there are times when she will eat a significant amount of food at one sitting. After these times, however, Amanda will make herself throw up to avoid gaining weight from the food she ate. The disorder that BEST matches Amanda's behaviors is: - Answers bulimia nervosa. When you need someone to talk to, you typically call your best friend. You know that your best friend cares about you and accepts you for who you are no matter what. Your friend MOST closely demonstrates the therapist characteristic of: - Answers unconditional positive regard. Hector has been struggling recently with depression. He finds it hard to get going in the morning and often misses work. Hector hasn't felt like doing much with his friends and stays at home when possible. Although his friends understand, it has caused strain between them and Hector. What aspect of abnormality is Hector demonstrating? - Answers impairment in daily functioning Lakisha meets someone on a date for the first time. Which factor is likely to have the greatest influence on Lakisha's first impression of her date? - Answers physical attractiveness of her date At the beginning of fall semester, James went to several events at a fraternity he wanted to join. Ultimately, James did not get into his chosen fraternity. James was devastated, believing this to be the worst thing that could have happened to him. The cognitive distortion James is MOST likely demonstrating is: - Answers all-or-none thinking. Gabrielle has always had trouble with her personal relationships. Gabrielle can make friends easily but her friendships usually don't last. When Gabrielle first makes friends with someone, she tends to idealize them and wants to be with them all the time. Inevitably, though, Gabrielle suddenly becomes disillusioned with her friend because she feels the person is neglecting or abandoning her. Gabrielle MOST likely suffers from _____ personality disorder. - Answers borderline Annie lost her job 34 months ago and hasn't been able to find another one. Annie is worried about how she is going to pay her bills and buy groceries. Since losing her job, Annie has felt sad and worthless. Annie knows she has to get another job, but she has no energy to search for one. What disorder does Annie MOST likely have? - Answers major depressive disorder As a therapist, Dr. Alvarado considers himself a facilitator who helps his clients help themselves by reconnecting with their own tendencies toward healthy growth. Dr. Alvarado believes that his clients have the capacity within themselves to overcome their own psychological problems. Dr. Alvarado MOST likely identifies as a _____ therapist. - Answers person-centered Over the past 4 months, Lewis has struggled with his eating. At least once a week, Lewis finds himself eating a massive amount of food, usually in a short period of time. During these times, Lewis eats more quickly than usual and ends up feeling uncomfortably full. When Lewis's periods of overeating are over, he feels miserable. He thinks he would feel better if he could throw up the food, but he can't bring himself to do it. The disorder Lewis MOST likely has is: - Answers binge eating disorder. Chee lives in a small town in the United States. Many of Chee's friends automatically assume that he is good at math simply because he is Asian. This is an example of: - Answers stereotyping Jaron is an outgoing person who loves his friends and family, but for the past 6 months he has rarely seen them. Neither Jaron nor his friends find this unusual, however, because Jaron is an elite dancer who recently began traveling on tour with his dance company across the United States and Europe. All of Jaron's time has been taken up with practicing and performing. Jaron demonstrates that _____ is not always problematic. - Answers deviation from social norms Micki has ADHD. Micki believes that he has ADHD primarily because of his genes and because several of his family members have ADHD. Micki also believes that his ADHD is due to how his brain developed and how his neurotransmitters operate. Micki's belief about the cause of his ADHD is MOST aligned with the _____ theory of abnormality. - Answers biological Sal believes that all poor people are lazy. Sal's belief is an example of: - Answers prejudice. Gus has felt sad for as long as he can remember. He can't remember a time when he felt happy. Gus's friends tease him and call him Gloomy Gus although Gus doesn't really find it funny. What disorder does Gus MOST likely have? - Answers persistent depressive disorder Jennifer and her therapist are working to reduce the amount of cigarettes Jennifer smokes per day. To do this, Jennifer's therapist has Jennifer smoke rapidly until she becomes physically ill. The technique Jennifer's therapist is using is MOST likely: - Answers aversive conditioning. Ian has an intense and persistent fear of choking on peanut butter. He avoids going to the grocery store because he knows there is peanut butter there. Ian even avoids discussing peanut butter and would not even consider keeping it in his house. What disorder does Ian MOST likely have? - Answers specific phobia Mickey considers himself to be a generally kind person. One day, Mickey comes across a person lying down outside on the sidewalk, which struck him as unusual. According to the bystander effect, Mickey will be most likely to stop and inquire whether the person needs a helping hand if: - Answers he is the only one around to help. Kai and Kasey recently celebrated their 39th anniversary as a couple. After all this time, they are still madly in love and are always excited to see each other. In addition to being passionate, they are also intimate and deeply committed to each other. According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, what kind of love BEST describes Kai and Kasey's experience? - Answers consummate Riya recently started college but it has been a frustrating experience for her. For example, if one of her professors alters an assignment or cancels class, Riya becomes extremely upset and has difficulty dealing with the changes. When Riya is upset, she tends to flap her hands or cover her ears because she feels overwhelmed. Riya also finds it hard to make friends with other students. She feels as if she doesn't understand how to approach or talk to them. What disorder BEST corresponds to Riya's symptoms? - Answers autism spectrum disorder For several months, a therapist has worked with a client with PTSD. The therapist suspects her client may also have an anxiety disorder in addition to the PTSD. To determine if this is so, the therapist will consult the _____, which contains the criteria for all psychological disorders and the rules for diagnosing each. - Answers DSM