CM 102 TEST 1 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026
Ancient Times - Answers Construction materials:
mud, wood stone
Simple structures to protect from rain, cold, heat, snow.
Simple shelter grew into planned settlements, villages, and cities.
Egypt and the Pyramids - Answers Stone as primary building material
Code of Hammurabi: first known building code (1792-1750 BC)
Master Builder: architecture, engineering, and construction in one person.
Greek influence - Answers Greek master builders organized skilled stonemasons.
Building trades concept: a particular building skill is honed to a level of expertise associated with a
master craftsman.
Building material: marble and limestone
The Roman Empire - Answers Invented early form of concrete (pasty hydrated lime and pozzolan ash
mixture made from rock)
Added domes and arches to buildings
First glass in 1st century AD
Road construction
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio wrote the first design and construction handbook in 40 BC.
The Middle Ages - Answers Roman Catholic Church revitalized stone construction building churches
and cathedral throughout Europe around 900 AD.
Craft training and education became a major focus of guilds
2 most important building trades: carpenters and stonemasons
3 distinct stages of ability:
master, journeyman, apprentice
guild - Answers association of artisans
Master Builder - Answers precursor to modern architect and engineer; began to question the most
efficient way to build.
5 primary sectors of construction industry - Answers Residential
Commercial
Heavy Civil
Industrial
Environmental
Residential Construction - Answers Forms: Homes, apartments, condos, townhouses, prefab units
Often designed by architects
Building materials: primarily wood (lumber & plywood)
Nail and hammer type construction; low tech
Most volatile segment of construction industry
Commercial Construction - Answers Addresses needs of commerce, trade, and government.
Designed by architect, with consultants.
Special construction processes (ironworkers, pipefitters, glaziers)
Materials: steel, concrete, glass
Heavy Civil Construction - Answers "Horizontal Construction"
Roadways, bridges, tunnels, dams, airports, and railways.
, Designed by engineers.
Materials: asphalt, gravel, concrete, sand, & dirt.
Typically public (gov.) funded and last a long time.
Least affected by economy.
Industrial Construction - Answers Highly specialized; requires firms with vast resources and
engineering expertise.
Basic exterior design; installation of equipment takes up most of construction process.
Materials: steel, concrete, reinforced CMU, specialized equipment.
Environmental Construction - Answers Projects that improve environment, maintain public health,
and contribute to a community's quality of life.
Lot of earth moving and site work.
Includes trenching, pipe laying, tunneling, and excavation.
Materials: pumps, valves, filters, membranes, and aerators.
Associated General Contractors (AGC) - Answers Developed a campaign called Construction Futures
to help inform young people about career opportunities in construction industry.
Geared toward union based contractors.
Associated Builders and Contractors (ABC) - Answers Initiated ABCares to recognize chapters that
contribute significantly to their communities.
Geared toward non-union based (merit shop) contractors.
National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) - Answers Created a public service campaign called
Home Builders Care to recognize contractors who have contributed millions dollars in cash, building
materials, supplies, and volunteer hours to community charities through local community service
projects.
Primary players of construction project - Answers Owners, design professionals, construction
professionals, secondary players
Owners - Answers Public (typically government agencies) & private owners
4 primary duties:
1) Develop the program
2) Define the scope of work
3) Creating overall budget
4) Providing funding
Design Professionals - Answers Architects:
Deal with function, life safety issues, and aesthetics of building.
Engineers:
Deal with the systems (Structural, MEP, Fire suppression)
Primary Responsibilities of designers:
assist owner in designing facility program
advising owner regarding image and character of building
developing plans, construction details, and specs
Construction Professionals - Answers Responsible for all construction activities.
Interpret plans and specs, prepare cost estimates, and time schedules.
Determine and implement best construction practices, means, and methods to satisfy owner's reqs.
for time, cost, and quality.
Oversee and manage construction operations.
Education opportunities - Answers Bachelor's degree or higher in construction management,
construction engineering, or construction science.
Associated Schools of Construction (ASC) lists 131 schools offering 4 year accredited programs.
American Institute of Constructors (AIC) - Answers Helps individual contractors who meet the reqs. to
achieve professional status through an examination and certification program.
It is the certifying body for the designation of Certified Professional Constructor (CPC) and Associate
Constructor (AC).
Construction Management Association of America - Answers Dedicated to promoting the
professional practice of construction management.
Welcomes members from all construction and design disciplines as well as owners and various service
providers to the industry.
Offers certification through its Certified Construction Manager (CCM) program.
What is the name of the stone carvings dating back to the pyramids that
Ancient Times - Answers Construction materials:
mud, wood stone
Simple structures to protect from rain, cold, heat, snow.
Simple shelter grew into planned settlements, villages, and cities.
Egypt and the Pyramids - Answers Stone as primary building material
Code of Hammurabi: first known building code (1792-1750 BC)
Master Builder: architecture, engineering, and construction in one person.
Greek influence - Answers Greek master builders organized skilled stonemasons.
Building trades concept: a particular building skill is honed to a level of expertise associated with a
master craftsman.
Building material: marble and limestone
The Roman Empire - Answers Invented early form of concrete (pasty hydrated lime and pozzolan ash
mixture made from rock)
Added domes and arches to buildings
First glass in 1st century AD
Road construction
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio wrote the first design and construction handbook in 40 BC.
The Middle Ages - Answers Roman Catholic Church revitalized stone construction building churches
and cathedral throughout Europe around 900 AD.
Craft training and education became a major focus of guilds
2 most important building trades: carpenters and stonemasons
3 distinct stages of ability:
master, journeyman, apprentice
guild - Answers association of artisans
Master Builder - Answers precursor to modern architect and engineer; began to question the most
efficient way to build.
5 primary sectors of construction industry - Answers Residential
Commercial
Heavy Civil
Industrial
Environmental
Residential Construction - Answers Forms: Homes, apartments, condos, townhouses, prefab units
Often designed by architects
Building materials: primarily wood (lumber & plywood)
Nail and hammer type construction; low tech
Most volatile segment of construction industry
Commercial Construction - Answers Addresses needs of commerce, trade, and government.
Designed by architect, with consultants.
Special construction processes (ironworkers, pipefitters, glaziers)
Materials: steel, concrete, glass
Heavy Civil Construction - Answers "Horizontal Construction"
Roadways, bridges, tunnels, dams, airports, and railways.
, Designed by engineers.
Materials: asphalt, gravel, concrete, sand, & dirt.
Typically public (gov.) funded and last a long time.
Least affected by economy.
Industrial Construction - Answers Highly specialized; requires firms with vast resources and
engineering expertise.
Basic exterior design; installation of equipment takes up most of construction process.
Materials: steel, concrete, reinforced CMU, specialized equipment.
Environmental Construction - Answers Projects that improve environment, maintain public health,
and contribute to a community's quality of life.
Lot of earth moving and site work.
Includes trenching, pipe laying, tunneling, and excavation.
Materials: pumps, valves, filters, membranes, and aerators.
Associated General Contractors (AGC) - Answers Developed a campaign called Construction Futures
to help inform young people about career opportunities in construction industry.
Geared toward union based contractors.
Associated Builders and Contractors (ABC) - Answers Initiated ABCares to recognize chapters that
contribute significantly to their communities.
Geared toward non-union based (merit shop) contractors.
National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) - Answers Created a public service campaign called
Home Builders Care to recognize contractors who have contributed millions dollars in cash, building
materials, supplies, and volunteer hours to community charities through local community service
projects.
Primary players of construction project - Answers Owners, design professionals, construction
professionals, secondary players
Owners - Answers Public (typically government agencies) & private owners
4 primary duties:
1) Develop the program
2) Define the scope of work
3) Creating overall budget
4) Providing funding
Design Professionals - Answers Architects:
Deal with function, life safety issues, and aesthetics of building.
Engineers:
Deal with the systems (Structural, MEP, Fire suppression)
Primary Responsibilities of designers:
assist owner in designing facility program
advising owner regarding image and character of building
developing plans, construction details, and specs
Construction Professionals - Answers Responsible for all construction activities.
Interpret plans and specs, prepare cost estimates, and time schedules.
Determine and implement best construction practices, means, and methods to satisfy owner's reqs.
for time, cost, and quality.
Oversee and manage construction operations.
Education opportunities - Answers Bachelor's degree or higher in construction management,
construction engineering, or construction science.
Associated Schools of Construction (ASC) lists 131 schools offering 4 year accredited programs.
American Institute of Constructors (AIC) - Answers Helps individual contractors who meet the reqs. to
achieve professional status through an examination and certification program.
It is the certifying body for the designation of Certified Professional Constructor (CPC) and Associate
Constructor (AC).
Construction Management Association of America - Answers Dedicated to promoting the
professional practice of construction management.
Welcomes members from all construction and design disciplines as well as owners and various service
providers to the industry.
Offers certification through its Certified Construction Manager (CCM) program.
What is the name of the stone carvings dating back to the pyramids that
