Cm 102 Exam 1 (Ch. 1-4) Questions Well Answered Latest Update 2026

CM 102 EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026 Ancient Times' influence on building - Answers Common materials first used were mud, wood, and stone, which are still used today Egypt and the Pyramids' influence on building - Answers Recorded the first building/business code called the Code of Hammurabi and embraced the master builder practice Greek Influence on building - Answers Developed the building trades concept, where people specialized in certain areas of construction and began using marble and limestone Roman Empire influence on building - Answers Began to use concrete, build domes/arches, build lots of roads, and Pollio wrote the first design and construction handbook Middle Ages influence on building - Answers Craft training and education became a major focus of guilds (associations of artisans) The Renaissance influence on building - Answers Leone Battista Alberti begins to question effectiveness of master builder Industrial Revolution influence on building - Answers Building as a science becomes a discipline, roles of architecture/engineering/building become more defined, and people begin using cast iron/wrought iron/machines for building Skyscraper influence on building - Answers Production of steel and electricity take off and Portland cement/reinforced concrete is invented 20th century influence on building - Answers Associated Schools of Construction (ASC) was formed Age of Technology influence on building - Answers Development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) 4 Primary Sectors of Construction Industry - Answers Residential, commercial, heavy civil, and industrial Residential - Answers Housing needs; low-tech in terms of materials and tools used; Designer can be architect but not always; Mostly involves different kinds of wood Commercial - Answers Needs of commerce/trade/gov.; uses special building processes; Designed by architect w/consultants; Involves mostly steel, glass and concrete Heavy Civil - Answers AKA horizontal construction; construction of roadways, bridges, dams, etc; Designed by engineers; Mostly gov. funded Industrial - Answers Designed by firms with vast resources/engineering expertise; Basic exterior design; focus on installation of special equipment; mainly use steel, concrete, and reinforced concrete masonry Primary Players of Construction - Answers Owners, design professionals, construction professionals Owner's role - Answers Develop program, define scope of work, create budget, and provide funding Design professional's role - Answers Assist/advise owner in: developing program, appearance of facility, selecting products, developing final building plans Construction Professional's role - Answers Interpret plans/specs, create estimates, implement best construction processes, and oversee/manage construction processes Secondary Players - Answers 1st, 2nd, 3rd level players 1st-Level Players - Answers Subs, material suppliers, and equipment vendors; have direct influence on outcome of job 2nd-Level Players - Answers Insurance/utilities/bonding companies, building code officials, zoning, labor unions, and manufacturers; no contractual obligations to 3 main parties 3rd-level Players - Answers Legal system, local/state/fed gov., trade associations, education/training, bankers, etc.; Does not regularly influence a project Educational opportunities available/Agency responsible for promoting construction management at university level - Answers AGC (Associated General Contractors) developed Construction Futures Campaign to educate youngsters about construction; ASC (Associated Schools of Construction) promotes construction management at university level In the late 1970s, ____% of world's construction was in US, while in 1997, _____% was on foreign soil. - Answers 80%, 80% What is LEED? - Answers Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design; a building-ratings system that evaluates the sustainability of buildings Primary factors/values to be controlled/managed on a construction project - Answers For construction Managers: Cost, time, quality, safety For Owners/architects/engineers: Scope, function Define Scope - Answers Parameters defining the overall extent of work to be included in a construction project Define Errors and Omissions - Answers Mistakes or things left out in the design/plans that the owner must pay to have corrected Who determines the project delivery method? - Answers The owner Design-Bid-Build - Answers Project delivery method in which the owner holds two separate contracts for design and construction; AKA traditional project delivery method Construction Management (project delivery method) - Answers Agency CM: Fee based service where a CM agency oversees that everything in a project is done correctly but doesn't do any construction itself (Three contracts) CM-At-Risk: GC provides both pre-construction services and construction services; CM must commit to meeting a GMP (guaranteed max price)(two contracts) Design-Build - Answers Owner has one contract with a business entity that does both the designing and building of a project; creates ability to fast-track What is IPD? - Answers Integrated project delivery that contractually engages the contractor responsible for constructing the project at the beginning of the construction process (examples are CM-At-Risk and Design-Build) fast-tracking - Answers A practice utilized to speed up a job by overlapping the design phase and the construction phase of a project Ways a design-build entity may be constructed - Answers business entity can be a firm of designers and builders, a partnership between designers and builders, or a joint venture between designers and builders "rules of the game" when it comes to public projects - Answers Uses open bid process, funded by government "rules of the game" when it comes to private projects - Answers Uses invitations for bids and a closed bid system; funded by private entity "rules of the game" when it comes to both public and private projects - Answers Prequalification, bid bonds, performance bonds, and labor/material payment bonds are common requirements Public-Private Partnership - Answers Business venture approach whereby a public sector authority and private enterprise join forces and combine resources to deliver government projects aimed at serving the public good How is the open bidding process safeguarded from unqualified contractors? - Answers prequalification