ANTHROPOLOGY 345 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ACCURATE ANSWERS
What does Sahlins mean when he says, "the American environment (diet) are
organized by specific valuations of edibility and inedibility... no way justifiable by
biological, ecological or economic advantage" in "The Cultural Construction of the
American Diet"? - Answers - Americans assign certain "acceptable" values with certain
foods and disdain others; we see certain foods as "unfit" or simply playing an
insignificant role in diet and others as highly valuable
What does Sahlins mean when he says that America is the land of the "sacred dog" in
"The Cultural Construction of the American Diet"? - Answers - We will gladly sacrifice
certain animals as foods but refuse to eat others, such as dogs in America; a bit of a
paradox there
What marks the split between edibility and inedibility in "The Cultural Construction of the
American Diet"? - Answers - the kind of social relationships that Americans traditionally
cultivate with animals
What accounts for the high status of meat in the American diet in "The Cultural
Construction of the American Diet"? - Answers - meat represents human control of the
natural world; potent statement of supreme power over another species
How might the decline in meat consumption reflect changing social values in the West
according to "The Cultural Construction of the American Diet"? - Answers - symbolic
rejection of the masculine worldview that legitimizes the hierarchical domination of
nature, women and of other men; puts humans on a more even playing field with the
rest of nature
What is the old Eurocentric view of the origins of symbolic expression in "Hunting for the
Origins of Symbolic Thought"? - Answers - that symbolic expression and creativity only
occurred in Europe
New evidence has led archaeologists to what new conclusion regarding the origins of
symbolic expression according to "Hunting for the Origins of Symbolic Thought"? -
Answers - that symbolism emerged in early Africa and spread from there, possibly even
fore it emerged in Europe
Before Hominids created symbols on their own, they recognized them in what according
to "Hunting for the Origins of Symbolic Thought"? - Answers - recognized them in
nature-- uncanny semblances of the living in the animate
, Rather than directly changing the world around us how do symbols change our world
according to "Hunting for the Origins of Symbolic Thought"? - Answers - symbols
change the way we perceive the world
Confederate monuments in public spaces in the South grew out of a propaganda
campaign promoting which
three ideas according to "Monuments to White Supremacy"? - Answers - 1.
romanticized slavery
2. idealized the confederate past
3. white supremacy would restore lost southern greatness
Who was Nathan Forrest according to "Monuments to White Supremacy"? - Answers -
founder of KKK
The second wave of Confederate Memorials were built when? Why according to
"Monuments to White Supremacy"? - Answers - between the 1950s and 1960s during
the segregationist backlash to the civil rights movement
Be able to discuss how and why the celebration known as Pinkster went from a
springtime festival in the Netherlands to an important celebration for people enslaved in
the early American Colonies in the mid-1700s and then to be effectively outlawed in the
19th Century. - Answers - -originally celebrated by Dutch who brought it to New
Netherland and fused it with the tradition of Afro-Carribean slaves
-by mid 18th century known as largely "Black Holiday" where slaves and free black men
would elect leaders of the black community
-celebration full of drinking, food, family and music
-outlawed in early 19th c after city of Albany made laws barring the festivities in fears of
"large gatherings of boisterous blacks"
What was the controversial tradition according to "Debates Over Traditions?" - Answers
- the performance where school girls were naked
What was the argument made by those who supported the tradition in "Debates Over
Traditions?" - Answers - supporters said it was a cultural tribute to the Xhosa
What was the argument of those who were opposed to the tradition in "Debates Over
Traditions?" - Answers - opposers said it was exploitation of young school girls
Discuss how the report by the Ministry of Basic Education highlights the issue at the
center of the dispute in "Debates Over Traditions." - Answers - there was a classic clash
between African culture and gender roles. while the dance was supposed to be an
honor to the Xhosa culture, the choirmaster also had underaged girls in American
dancing naked in front of a crowd. things that would have been perfectly acceptable in
Africa are taken as acts of "pedophilia" and "exploitation" in America. there is also the
question of whether we should allow the worship of a culture with a high rate of rate and
violence against women versus the modern ideals of female empowerment.
VERIFIED ACCURATE ANSWERS
What does Sahlins mean when he says, "the American environment (diet) are
organized by specific valuations of edibility and inedibility... no way justifiable by
biological, ecological or economic advantage" in "The Cultural Construction of the
American Diet"? - Answers - Americans assign certain "acceptable" values with certain
foods and disdain others; we see certain foods as "unfit" or simply playing an
insignificant role in diet and others as highly valuable
What does Sahlins mean when he says that America is the land of the "sacred dog" in
"The Cultural Construction of the American Diet"? - Answers - We will gladly sacrifice
certain animals as foods but refuse to eat others, such as dogs in America; a bit of a
paradox there
What marks the split between edibility and inedibility in "The Cultural Construction of the
American Diet"? - Answers - the kind of social relationships that Americans traditionally
cultivate with animals
What accounts for the high status of meat in the American diet in "The Cultural
Construction of the American Diet"? - Answers - meat represents human control of the
natural world; potent statement of supreme power over another species
How might the decline in meat consumption reflect changing social values in the West
according to "The Cultural Construction of the American Diet"? - Answers - symbolic
rejection of the masculine worldview that legitimizes the hierarchical domination of
nature, women and of other men; puts humans on a more even playing field with the
rest of nature
What is the old Eurocentric view of the origins of symbolic expression in "Hunting for the
Origins of Symbolic Thought"? - Answers - that symbolic expression and creativity only
occurred in Europe
New evidence has led archaeologists to what new conclusion regarding the origins of
symbolic expression according to "Hunting for the Origins of Symbolic Thought"? -
Answers - that symbolism emerged in early Africa and spread from there, possibly even
fore it emerged in Europe
Before Hominids created symbols on their own, they recognized them in what according
to "Hunting for the Origins of Symbolic Thought"? - Answers - recognized them in
nature-- uncanny semblances of the living in the animate
, Rather than directly changing the world around us how do symbols change our world
according to "Hunting for the Origins of Symbolic Thought"? - Answers - symbols
change the way we perceive the world
Confederate monuments in public spaces in the South grew out of a propaganda
campaign promoting which
three ideas according to "Monuments to White Supremacy"? - Answers - 1.
romanticized slavery
2. idealized the confederate past
3. white supremacy would restore lost southern greatness
Who was Nathan Forrest according to "Monuments to White Supremacy"? - Answers -
founder of KKK
The second wave of Confederate Memorials were built when? Why according to
"Monuments to White Supremacy"? - Answers - between the 1950s and 1960s during
the segregationist backlash to the civil rights movement
Be able to discuss how and why the celebration known as Pinkster went from a
springtime festival in the Netherlands to an important celebration for people enslaved in
the early American Colonies in the mid-1700s and then to be effectively outlawed in the
19th Century. - Answers - -originally celebrated by Dutch who brought it to New
Netherland and fused it with the tradition of Afro-Carribean slaves
-by mid 18th century known as largely "Black Holiday" where slaves and free black men
would elect leaders of the black community
-celebration full of drinking, food, family and music
-outlawed in early 19th c after city of Albany made laws barring the festivities in fears of
"large gatherings of boisterous blacks"
What was the controversial tradition according to "Debates Over Traditions?" - Answers
- the performance where school girls were naked
What was the argument made by those who supported the tradition in "Debates Over
Traditions?" - Answers - supporters said it was a cultural tribute to the Xhosa
What was the argument of those who were opposed to the tradition in "Debates Over
Traditions?" - Answers - opposers said it was exploitation of young school girls
Discuss how the report by the Ministry of Basic Education highlights the issue at the
center of the dispute in "Debates Over Traditions." - Answers - there was a classic clash
between African culture and gender roles. while the dance was supposed to be an
honor to the Xhosa culture, the choirmaster also had underaged girls in American
dancing naked in front of a crowd. things that would have been perfectly acceptable in
Africa are taken as acts of "pedophilia" and "exploitation" in America. there is also the
question of whether we should allow the worship of a culture with a high rate of rate and
violence against women versus the modern ideals of female empowerment.
