1
NSG 3600 Peds Exam 4 Questions and Answers
Latest 2026| 100% Correct – Galen College of
Nursing
Hematologic & Oncologic Conditions
Question 1: What are the signs and symptoms of hemophilia?
Answer-: The coagulation process cannot be completed, resulting in prolonged
bleeding. Specific signs include bruising, excessive bleeding, soft tissue bleeding,
and swelling or stiffness of joints (especially the knees). In neonates, intracranial
hemorrhage is a risk.
Question 2: What is Hemophilia A?
Answer-: Also known as "classic hemophilia," it is caused by a deficiency of factor
VIII.
Question 3: What is Hemophilia B?
Answer-: Caused by a deficiency of factor IX, this accounts for approximately 15%
of hemophilia cases.
Question 4: What is hemarthrosis in the context of hemophilia?
Answer-: Hemarthrosis refers to bleeding into the joint spaces, most commonly
the knees, ankles, and elbows.
Question 5: What are the signs and symptoms of hemarthrosis?
Answer-: The affected joint presents with swelling, warmth, redness, pain, and
loss of movement.
Question 6: What is the treatment for hemophilia?
Answer-: For superficial bleeding, apply pressure for at least 15 minutes plus RICE
(Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). For significant bleeding, administration of the
deficient factor via IV transfusion is required.
,2
Question 7: What is neutropenia?
Answer-: Neutropenia is a deficiency of neutrophils.
Question 8: What are the signs and symptoms of neutropenia?
Answer-: Key signs include fever, lymphadenopathy, pallor, bruising, and
petechiae.
Neurocognitive & Developmental Disorders
Question 9: What is ADHD and what is a key diagnostic criterion?
Answer-: ADHD is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and
impulsivity. A key diagnostic criterion is that the symptoms must be present in at
least two settings (e.g., home and school) and occur multiple times throughout
the day. Management often involves stimulants and environmental
manipulation.
Question 10: What is a key nursing consideration for a child with Autism
Spectrum Disorder?
Answer-: Children with autism have a crucial need for routines. Behavioral
modification strategies and positive reinforcement are effective interventions.
Endocrine & Genetic Conditions
Question 11: What is Down Syndrome and what are some of its common
characteristics?
Answer-: Down Syndrome, or Trisomy 21, has a biggest risk factor of advanced
maternal age. Characteristics include being super flexible, a depressed nasal
bridge, a protruding tongue, short neck, small stature, a simian crease, and poor
muscle tone. These children are also at risk for cardiac issues and frequent upper
respiratory and ear infections.
Question 12: What are the manifestations of precocious puberty in girls and
boys?
Answer-:
• In girls (<8 years): Breast development, menarche, and ovarian
enlargement.
• In boys (<9 years): Testicular/penile growth, voice changes, and facial hair.
Both may also develop axillary/pubic hair and body odor.
, 3
Question 13: What is Phenylketonuria (PKU) and how is it managed?
Answer-: PKU results in the progressive accumulation of phenylalanine, which can
lead to seizures, intellectual disability, and irreversible neurodevelopmental
delays if untreated. Management involves a lifelong phenylalanine-free diet with
strict protein restriction and a specialized formula.
Burns & Injuries
Question 14: What is the "10-4 Rule" in the context of pediatric injuries?
Answer-: The "10-4 Rule" refers to bruising on the torso, ears, or neck, OR any
bruising in an infant under 4 months of age. This is a key indicator of possible
physical abuse.
Question 15: What are key concerns in the nursing management of a child with
burns?
Answer-:
• Airway: Be prepared for intubation or tracheostomy.
• Circulation: Administer fluids (1 mL/kg/hr up to 30 kilos, then 30-60/hr). A
fasciotomy/escharotomy may be needed if there is good blood flow.
• Infection: Maintain sterility, use topical antimicrobials (silver-containing),
and implement neutropenic precautions.
• Nutrition: Provide extra nutrition via tube feedings or TPN.
• Thermoregulation: Keep the child warm.
• Rehabilitation: Include parent teaching, and use pressure garments and
range-of-motion exercises to reduce scarring and maintain function.
NSG 3600 Peds Exam 4 | Galen College of Nursing
Questions 16-100 | Verified Answers (2025/2026)
Section 1: Foundations of Pediatric Nursing & Growth and Development
(continued)
Question 16: The nurse is teaching parents about play activities for their
hospitalized 18-month-old. Which toy is most appropriate for this age?
NSG 3600 Peds Exam 4 Questions and Answers
Latest 2026| 100% Correct – Galen College of
Nursing
Hematologic & Oncologic Conditions
Question 1: What are the signs and symptoms of hemophilia?
Answer-: The coagulation process cannot be completed, resulting in prolonged
bleeding. Specific signs include bruising, excessive bleeding, soft tissue bleeding,
and swelling or stiffness of joints (especially the knees). In neonates, intracranial
hemorrhage is a risk.
Question 2: What is Hemophilia A?
Answer-: Also known as "classic hemophilia," it is caused by a deficiency of factor
VIII.
Question 3: What is Hemophilia B?
Answer-: Caused by a deficiency of factor IX, this accounts for approximately 15%
of hemophilia cases.
Question 4: What is hemarthrosis in the context of hemophilia?
Answer-: Hemarthrosis refers to bleeding into the joint spaces, most commonly
the knees, ankles, and elbows.
Question 5: What are the signs and symptoms of hemarthrosis?
Answer-: The affected joint presents with swelling, warmth, redness, pain, and
loss of movement.
Question 6: What is the treatment for hemophilia?
Answer-: For superficial bleeding, apply pressure for at least 15 minutes plus RICE
(Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). For significant bleeding, administration of the
deficient factor via IV transfusion is required.
,2
Question 7: What is neutropenia?
Answer-: Neutropenia is a deficiency of neutrophils.
Question 8: What are the signs and symptoms of neutropenia?
Answer-: Key signs include fever, lymphadenopathy, pallor, bruising, and
petechiae.
Neurocognitive & Developmental Disorders
Question 9: What is ADHD and what is a key diagnostic criterion?
Answer-: ADHD is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and
impulsivity. A key diagnostic criterion is that the symptoms must be present in at
least two settings (e.g., home and school) and occur multiple times throughout
the day. Management often involves stimulants and environmental
manipulation.
Question 10: What is a key nursing consideration for a child with Autism
Spectrum Disorder?
Answer-: Children with autism have a crucial need for routines. Behavioral
modification strategies and positive reinforcement are effective interventions.
Endocrine & Genetic Conditions
Question 11: What is Down Syndrome and what are some of its common
characteristics?
Answer-: Down Syndrome, or Trisomy 21, has a biggest risk factor of advanced
maternal age. Characteristics include being super flexible, a depressed nasal
bridge, a protruding tongue, short neck, small stature, a simian crease, and poor
muscle tone. These children are also at risk for cardiac issues and frequent upper
respiratory and ear infections.
Question 12: What are the manifestations of precocious puberty in girls and
boys?
Answer-:
• In girls (<8 years): Breast development, menarche, and ovarian
enlargement.
• In boys (<9 years): Testicular/penile growth, voice changes, and facial hair.
Both may also develop axillary/pubic hair and body odor.
, 3
Question 13: What is Phenylketonuria (PKU) and how is it managed?
Answer-: PKU results in the progressive accumulation of phenylalanine, which can
lead to seizures, intellectual disability, and irreversible neurodevelopmental
delays if untreated. Management involves a lifelong phenylalanine-free diet with
strict protein restriction and a specialized formula.
Burns & Injuries
Question 14: What is the "10-4 Rule" in the context of pediatric injuries?
Answer-: The "10-4 Rule" refers to bruising on the torso, ears, or neck, OR any
bruising in an infant under 4 months of age. This is a key indicator of possible
physical abuse.
Question 15: What are key concerns in the nursing management of a child with
burns?
Answer-:
• Airway: Be prepared for intubation or tracheostomy.
• Circulation: Administer fluids (1 mL/kg/hr up to 30 kilos, then 30-60/hr). A
fasciotomy/escharotomy may be needed if there is good blood flow.
• Infection: Maintain sterility, use topical antimicrobials (silver-containing),
and implement neutropenic precautions.
• Nutrition: Provide extra nutrition via tube feedings or TPN.
• Thermoregulation: Keep the child warm.
• Rehabilitation: Include parent teaching, and use pressure garments and
range-of-motion exercises to reduce scarring and maintain function.
NSG 3600 Peds Exam 4 | Galen College of Nursing
Questions 16-100 | Verified Answers (2025/2026)
Section 1: Foundations of Pediatric Nursing & Growth and Development
(continued)
Question 16: The nurse is teaching parents about play activities for their
hospitalized 18-month-old. Which toy is most appropriate for this age?
