HSC 343 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is the leading cause of death in the United States? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cardiovascular disease
If preload and afterload increase, what is the effect on the work of the heart - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅It's increased
What does Digoxin do? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increases cardiac contractility
What do diuretics do for HF patients? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increase H2O and Na excretion
What do ACEI's do for HF patients? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Decrease BP and blood volume
What do vasodilators do? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Decrease BP
What do Dobutamine, Dopamine, and Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE's) do for HF patients? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increase ventricular contractility
Name of a cardiac glycoside that increases cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na-K ATPase, decreases HR,
and decreases AV nodal conduction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Digoxin
What is the antidote to overdosing with Digoxin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Digibind
Treatment for dig toxicity? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅d/c dig, correct K+, administer digibind
Are drug interactions common with Digoxin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅yes
Where is renin in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Kidneys
,What converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 and where is it located within the body? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅ACE in the lungs
Where does angiotensin 2 go to release aldosterone? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Adrenal cortex
What does aldosterone cause? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Renal sodium and fluid retention
Common SE of ACEI's regarding electrolyte imbalance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅increase in serum K+
Examples of ACEI's - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Captopril, Enalopril, Lisinopril, Fosinopril, Quinapril,
ACEI's approved for HF following an MI - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ramipril and Trandolapril
ARB's being used for HF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Losartan and Valsartan
Cardiac stimulants used for HF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Dobutamine and Milrinone
Other drugs often used for HF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Vasodilators and beta blockers
Current BP to be diagnosed with hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅130/90
Hypertension diagnosis is more strict in what patients? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Diabetics and people
with high sugar and lipid content in their blood
What are the two most important lifestyle changes to control BP? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Weight loss
and increased physical activity (preferably aerobic)
What diet is often used to control BP? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅DASH
, Why is smoking cessation so important for patients with HTN? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Because
Nicotine causes spikes in BP
What sort of BP reading would indicate ISH? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅>160 systolic and <90 diastolic
What is the biggest problem with antihypertensive medications? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Patient
adherence
What are some common symptoms of HTN meds? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Dizziness, blurry vision, and
headache
Four major classifications of antihypertensive medications - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Beta-blockers,
calcium channel blockers, ACEI's and ARBS, and diuretics
What type of drug is clonidine? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Centrally acting sympathetic agonist
How does clonidine work? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Stimulates alpha-2 receptors in CNS causing
decreased NE release
Effects of clonidine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Vasodilation, decreased HR, and decreased BP
What type of HTN is clonidine often used for? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ISH
Can you d/c clonidine abruptly? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No
SE of clonidine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Horrible taste in mouth, fatigue, and flat affect.
What type of drug is reserpine? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Peripherally acting sympathetic agonist
MOA of reserpine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Depletes stores of catecholamines in neurons
What is the leading cause of death in the United States? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cardiovascular disease
If preload and afterload increase, what is the effect on the work of the heart - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅It's increased
What does Digoxin do? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increases cardiac contractility
What do diuretics do for HF patients? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increase H2O and Na excretion
What do ACEI's do for HF patients? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Decrease BP and blood volume
What do vasodilators do? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Decrease BP
What do Dobutamine, Dopamine, and Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE's) do for HF patients? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increase ventricular contractility
Name of a cardiac glycoside that increases cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na-K ATPase, decreases HR,
and decreases AV nodal conduction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Digoxin
What is the antidote to overdosing with Digoxin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Digibind
Treatment for dig toxicity? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅d/c dig, correct K+, administer digibind
Are drug interactions common with Digoxin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅yes
Where is renin in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Kidneys
,What converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 and where is it located within the body? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅ACE in the lungs
Where does angiotensin 2 go to release aldosterone? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Adrenal cortex
What does aldosterone cause? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Renal sodium and fluid retention
Common SE of ACEI's regarding electrolyte imbalance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅increase in serum K+
Examples of ACEI's - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Captopril, Enalopril, Lisinopril, Fosinopril, Quinapril,
ACEI's approved for HF following an MI - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ramipril and Trandolapril
ARB's being used for HF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Losartan and Valsartan
Cardiac stimulants used for HF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Dobutamine and Milrinone
Other drugs often used for HF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Vasodilators and beta blockers
Current BP to be diagnosed with hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅130/90
Hypertension diagnosis is more strict in what patients? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Diabetics and people
with high sugar and lipid content in their blood
What are the two most important lifestyle changes to control BP? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Weight loss
and increased physical activity (preferably aerobic)
What diet is often used to control BP? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅DASH
, Why is smoking cessation so important for patients with HTN? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Because
Nicotine causes spikes in BP
What sort of BP reading would indicate ISH? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅>160 systolic and <90 diastolic
What is the biggest problem with antihypertensive medications? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Patient
adherence
What are some common symptoms of HTN meds? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Dizziness, blurry vision, and
headache
Four major classifications of antihypertensive medications - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Beta-blockers,
calcium channel blockers, ACEI's and ARBS, and diuretics
What type of drug is clonidine? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Centrally acting sympathetic agonist
How does clonidine work? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Stimulates alpha-2 receptors in CNS causing
decreased NE release
Effects of clonidine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Vasodilation, decreased HR, and decreased BP
What type of HTN is clonidine often used for? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ISH
Can you d/c clonidine abruptly? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅No
SE of clonidine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Horrible taste in mouth, fatigue, and flat affect.
What type of drug is reserpine? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Peripherally acting sympathetic agonist
MOA of reserpine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Depletes stores of catecholamines in neurons
