HUM 370 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026

HUM 370 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026 Prejudice - Answers A negative attitude or belief about a group Discrimination - Answers actions or behaviors that result from prejudice Stereotype - Answers a rigid and oversimplified belief about a group One reason why stereotypes persist is because they - - Answers are reinforced by social institutions and media Implicit Bias - Answers Bias we are aware of and choose Institutional Discrimination - Answers policies or practices that disadvantage certain groups Socialization plays a role in prejudice because - Answers society teaches norms, values, and beliefs about groups What group is considered a "dominant" group in society? - Answers the group with the most cultural power and privilege Oppression - Answers systematic mistreatment supported by power structures Microagression example: - Answers making a subtle comment that reinforces a stereotype "Prejudice plus power" explains - - Answers how discrimination becomes systemic Privilege - Answers unearned advantages often taken for granted Why can "positive stereotypes" still be harmful? - Answers they can ignore individual differences and create pressure Bias affecting professional judgement - Answers example: a healthcare provider assuming a patient is non-compliant based on appearance Recognizing one's own bias is important because - - Answers awareness is the first step toward reducing harm Internalized Oppression - Answers members of marginalized groups accepting negative beliefs about themselves Which factor most strongly maintains systems of inequality? - Answers power combined with social structures According to Koppelman, silence in the face of prejudice often - - Answers allows prejudice to continue unchallenged What action best reflects bias-aware behavior? - Answers reflecting on assumptions and adjusting behavior The main purpose of studying prejudice and power in this course is to: - Answers increase awareness and promote equity What does cultural pluralism emphasize? - Answers the coexistence of diverse cultures with mutual respect The process of learning one's culture from birth: - Answers socialization In healthcare, cultural pluralism is MOST important because it... - Answers improves communication, trust, and patient outcomes Ethnocentrism - Answers judging other cultures by the standards of one's own culture Cultural relativism encourages nurses to... - Answers understand behaviors within cultural context Factors that STRONGLY shapes cultural identity: - Answers Family Community Social institutions Culture influences: - Answers Values Beliefs Communication & Healthcare behaviors Acculturation - Answers adapting to a new culture while maintaining one's original culture In nursing, ethnocentrism can lead to: - Answers miscommunication and biased care Social stratification - Answers ranking of groups based on social characteristics Cultural pluralism in healthcare example: - Answers respecting cultural health practices while providing safe care Stereotypes are problematic because they... - Answers simplify and generalize complex human differences Example of cultural competence in nursing: - Answers engaging in self-reflection and patient-centered care Prejudice... - Answers can exist without conscious awareness Why is understanding human differences essential for nurses? - Answers it supports ethical, equitable, and patient-centered care Religious oppression... - Answers the use of power to limit or punish people for their religious beliefs Religious freedom in a pluralistic society means... - Answers all individuals can practice their religion without discrimination or harm Religious privilege - Answers one religion being treated as "normal" while others are viewed as strange Oppression occurs when... - Answers power is used to control, marginalize, or dehumanize others A key goal of cultural pluralism regarding religion is to... - Answers respect diverse belief systems while ensuring equal rights Example of religious oppression: - Answers a hospital refusing to accommodate a patient's religious practices In rejecting oppressive relationships, individuals must... - Answers become aware of power dynamics and challenge injustice The logic of cultural pluralism emphasizes that diversity should be... - Answers respected and integrated into social institutions What statement best reflects an oppressive relationship? - Answers one group having power while silencing another True equality requires... - Answers recognizing differences and adjusting systems to be fair What best supports religious freedom in healthcare? - Answers accommodating religious practices when medically possible Cultural pluralism challenges oppression by... - Answers encouraging dialogue, equity, and shared power In a pluralistic society, conflict between religious groups should be handled by... - Answers open dialogue, education, and mutual respect What best reflects rejecting oppressive relationships? - Answers speaking up against bias and inequity Religious oppression in history has often been justified by... - Answers claims of moral or divine superiority What is consistent with a vision of cultural pluralism? - Answers shared power and mutual respect across groups In rejecting oppressive relationships, individuals are encouraged to... - Answers listen to marginalized voices and challenge bias What is an example of systemic religious oppression? - Answers laws that prohibit certain religious practices The logic of cultural pluralism suggests that social institutions should... - Answers adapt to reflect the diversity of the population For nursing practice, rejecting oppressive relationships means... - Answers recognizing power imbalances and providing equitable care Social stratification - Answers the ranking of people into hierarchical layers based on power, wealth, and status Socioeconomic status (SES) is typically determined by... - Answers income, education, and occupation During the colonial period in the United States, class divisions were primarily based on... - Answers land ownership and wealth Institutional classism - Answers policies and systems that disadvantage lower-income groups Individual classism - Answers personal attitudes or beliefs about social class Intergenerational poverty - Answers poverty experienced across two or more generations The "culture of poverty" theory has been criticized because it... - Answers blames individuals rather than examining systemic causes What historical factor contributed significantly to wealth inequality in the United States? - Answers slavery and exclusionary policies TANF stands for... - Answers temporary assistance for needy families Homelessness is most closely associated with... - Answers structural issues such as housing costs and unemployment Class differences in schooling often result in... - Answers disparities in resources and academic achievement Redlining historically... - Answers denied loans to communities of color and low-income neighborhoods Intersectionality helps us understand... - Answers how race, gender, class, and other identities interact Occupational prestige - Answers social respect given to certain jobs The wealth gap differs from income inequality because wealth... - Answers includes assets such as property and savings In healthcare settings, classism may result in... - Answers assumptions about patient compliance based on income Example of institutional classism in healthcare: - Answers a hospital policy requiring high upfront payments Poverty rates in the U.S. disproportionately affect... - Answers children and marginalized racial groups Structural inequality - Answers systemic barriers embedded in social institutions Social mobility - Answers the ability to move within the social class hierarchy What factor most strongly influences long-term SES outcomes? - Answers early childhood education access A nurse practicing cultural humility regarding class would... - Answers recognize how financial barriers affect health behaviors Food insecurity - Answers limited or uncertain access to adequate food Public policies aimed at reducing poverty often focus on... - Answers job training, education, and income supports The hidden curriculum of social class - Answers unwritten expectations that favor middle-class norms Class privilege may include... - Answers access to networks and opportunities What is a strategy to ameliorate socioeconomic disparities? - Answers expanding access to affordable healthcare What group is most vulnerable to the effects of poverty? - Answers children experiencing chronic poverty Gender and race intersect with class by... - Answers compounding disadvantages for some groups For nurses, understanding institutional classism is important because it... - Answers helps provide equitable and compassionate care Cultural sexism - Answers traditional beliefs and norms that support male dominance Institutional sexism - Answers systemic policies and practices that disadvantage women The "glass ceiling" - Answers invisible barriers preventing women from advancing to top leadership positions Gender socialization occurs through... - Answers media, family, schools, and peers What is an example of individual sexism? - Answers a supervisor making derogatory comments about women Research on gender differences in math performances shows that... - Answers differences are largely influenced by social expectations and opportunity Schools contribute to gender inequality when they... - Answers reinforce traditional gender expectations through hidden curriculum The wage gap - Answers the average earnings difference between men and women Intersectionality - Answers gender interacts with race, class, ethnicity, and religion Sexual harassment in the workplace includes... - Answers any unwelcome conduct based on gender that creates a hostile environment Violence against women is often rooted in... - Answers cultural norms supporting male control and dominance Gender stereotypes are problematic because they... - Answers limit opportunities and reinforce inequality Title IX legislation primarily addresses... - Answers equal access to educational opportunities regardless of sex One promising practice to reduce sexism in schools is... - Answers inclusive curriculum representing diverse women Patriarchy - Answers a social system where men hold primary power Research on domestic violence suggests that... - Answers it is connected to power imbalances and control