MED SURG FINAL EXAM 2025-2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+
The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which factor plays a leading role in
cardiovascular disease?
1. Lifestyle choices
2. Genetics
3. Use of drugs
4. Culture
1. Lifestyle choices
The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient who has been taught ways
to decrease BP. Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching?
1. I will stop my medication if I feel weak or dizzy.
2. I don't add salt to my food anymore.
3. I walk my dog for 30 minutes every day.
4. I will eat more potassium in my diet.
1. I will stop my medication if I feel weak or dizzy.
,A patient with valve disorder is prescribed an antibiotic prior to dental surgery.
Which patient statement indicates an understanding for taking this medication?
1. It's to prevent postoperative pneumonia.
2. It's to prevent an increase in body temperature.
3. It's to prevent a bacterial infection in the heart.
4. It's to prevent infection of the surgical incision.
3. It's to prevent a bacterial infection in the heart.
The nurse collecting data from a patient notes an area of the arm with warmth,
swelling, and tenderness, and suspects thrombophlebitis. What is the most likely
cause?
1. Restrictive clothing
2. Blood pressure cuff
3. A bug bite
4. IV therapy
4. IV therapy
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving warfarin (Coumadin) for atrial
fibrillation. Which finding would be of most concern to the nurse?
1. The patient reports using aspirin for headaches.
2. The patient reports nausea.
3. The patient's apical heart rate is 92 beats/minute.
,4.The patient has a dry, nagging cough.
1. The patient reports using aspirin for headaches.
A patient has sustained damage to the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV)
nodes. Which heart rates indicate that the patient's bundle of His node has taken
over as the pacemaker for the heart?
1. 10 to 20 beats per minute
2. 20 to 35 beats per minute
3. 40 to 60 beats per minute
4. 80 to 100 beats per minute
2. 20 to 35 beats per minute
The nurse is teaching a patient with hypertension about the DASH diet. Which
statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
1. I will eat 3 ounces of baked fish for dinner.
2. I have eaten half a cup of cooked beans for dinner four times this week.
3. I ate a hamburger with a small order of fries last night.
4. My spouse has begun to cook using only 1 teaspoon of canola oil.
3. I ate a hamburger with a small order of fries last night.
, The nurse is caring for a patient with pericarditis who develops hypotension,
confusion, tachycardia, tachypnea, and jugular venous distension. What action
should the nurse take after notifying the doctor?
1. Prepare for pericardiocentesis.
2. Prepare for a myectomy.
3. Prepare for an endometrial biopsy.
4. Prepare for a commissurotomy.
1. Prepare for pericardiocentesis.
The nurse is caring for a patient with venous stasis ulcers. What actions should the
nurse take?
1. Encourage the patient to keep legs in a dependent position.
2. Encourage frequent ambulation.
3. Apply compression stockings.
4. Instruct the patient to wear constrictive clothing.
3. Apply compression stockings.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient with premature ventricular
contractions (PVCs) who is being discharged. Which lifestyle recommendation
should be the most important for the nurse to include?
1. It is important for you to avoid caffeine and alcoholic beverages.
2. You should decrease the amount of exercise you do each day.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+
The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which factor plays a leading role in
cardiovascular disease?
1. Lifestyle choices
2. Genetics
3. Use of drugs
4. Culture
1. Lifestyle choices
The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient who has been taught ways
to decrease BP. Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching?
1. I will stop my medication if I feel weak or dizzy.
2. I don't add salt to my food anymore.
3. I walk my dog for 30 minutes every day.
4. I will eat more potassium in my diet.
1. I will stop my medication if I feel weak or dizzy.
,A patient with valve disorder is prescribed an antibiotic prior to dental surgery.
Which patient statement indicates an understanding for taking this medication?
1. It's to prevent postoperative pneumonia.
2. It's to prevent an increase in body temperature.
3. It's to prevent a bacterial infection in the heart.
4. It's to prevent infection of the surgical incision.
3. It's to prevent a bacterial infection in the heart.
The nurse collecting data from a patient notes an area of the arm with warmth,
swelling, and tenderness, and suspects thrombophlebitis. What is the most likely
cause?
1. Restrictive clothing
2. Blood pressure cuff
3. A bug bite
4. IV therapy
4. IV therapy
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving warfarin (Coumadin) for atrial
fibrillation. Which finding would be of most concern to the nurse?
1. The patient reports using aspirin for headaches.
2. The patient reports nausea.
3. The patient's apical heart rate is 92 beats/minute.
,4.The patient has a dry, nagging cough.
1. The patient reports using aspirin for headaches.
A patient has sustained damage to the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV)
nodes. Which heart rates indicate that the patient's bundle of His node has taken
over as the pacemaker for the heart?
1. 10 to 20 beats per minute
2. 20 to 35 beats per minute
3. 40 to 60 beats per minute
4. 80 to 100 beats per minute
2. 20 to 35 beats per minute
The nurse is teaching a patient with hypertension about the DASH diet. Which
statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
1. I will eat 3 ounces of baked fish for dinner.
2. I have eaten half a cup of cooked beans for dinner four times this week.
3. I ate a hamburger with a small order of fries last night.
4. My spouse has begun to cook using only 1 teaspoon of canola oil.
3. I ate a hamburger with a small order of fries last night.
, The nurse is caring for a patient with pericarditis who develops hypotension,
confusion, tachycardia, tachypnea, and jugular venous distension. What action
should the nurse take after notifying the doctor?
1. Prepare for pericardiocentesis.
2. Prepare for a myectomy.
3. Prepare for an endometrial biopsy.
4. Prepare for a commissurotomy.
1. Prepare for pericardiocentesis.
The nurse is caring for a patient with venous stasis ulcers. What actions should the
nurse take?
1. Encourage the patient to keep legs in a dependent position.
2. Encourage frequent ambulation.
3. Apply compression stockings.
4. Instruct the patient to wear constrictive clothing.
3. Apply compression stockings.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient with premature ventricular
contractions (PVCs) who is being discharged. Which lifestyle recommendation
should be the most important for the nurse to include?
1. It is important for you to avoid caffeine and alcoholic beverages.
2. You should decrease the amount of exercise you do each day.
