CHEM219 MODULE 7 2026 EXAMPREP
PRACTICE SET SOLUTION QUESTIONS WITH
FULL ANSWERS
◉ nm to m
or
m to nm. Answer: 1 m / 10^9 nm
or
10^9 nm / 1 m
◉ What is the maximum number of electrons that can have the
quantum numbers n = 3, ℓ = 2, mℓ = -2. Answer: The Pauli exclusion
principle states that no two electrons in a given atom can share the
same set of four quantum numbers (n, ℓ, mℓ, ms). This set of
quantum numbers contains three quantum numbers, with the only
missing quantum number being ms, which can take on the values
+½ and -½. Therefore, this set of three quantum numbers
represents a single atomic orbital, which can contain two unique
electrons: one with ms = +½ and one with ms = -½.
◉ An exothermic reaction causes the surroundings to. Answer: An
exothermic reaction transfers energy from the system to the
surroundings. That tells us the surroundings will get warmer.
,◉ A theory is another word for a(n) _________.. Answer: A theory or
model is a well established explanation of a phenomenon based on a
series of facts and a body of evidence.
◉ What is the definition of a natural law?. Answer: A scientific law
summarizes an observable behavior.
◉ The skeletal structure of a complex organic molecule is shown
below. Determine the number of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in the
molecule.. Answer: Remember a single bond = 1 σ; a double bond = 1
σ + 1 π; a triple bond = 1 σ + 2 π. This molecule contains 6 double
bonds, so there are 6σ and 6π. There are 28 single bonds, so there
are 28 σ. This is a total 34σ and 6π.
◉ strontium phosphate. Answer: Sr₃(PO₄)₂
◉ Which of the following statements is true?. Answer: One driving
force in the vaporization of a liquid is an increase in disorder
(entropy). Gas molecules are more disordered than liquid molecules.
Adding a non-volatile solute to a liquid also increases the disorder of
the liquid molecules, so the difference in disorder between the liquid
and gas phases is not as great as with a pure substance. Therefore
the tendency to vaporize is not as great for the solution as it is for
the pure liquid, resulting in a lower vapor pressure for the solution.
, ◉ Which of the following aqueous solutions would have the highest
boiling point?
A) 1.0 m NaNO3
B) 1.0 m HF
C) 1.0 m C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 1.0 m CaCl2. Answer: The dissolved solute will raise the boiling
point. The more "things" that are dissolved (ions or molecules), the
higher the boiling point will be. The CaCl₂ will break up into one
Ca²⁺ ion and two Cl⁻ ions and there will be a concentration of 3.0 m
of "things" in solution. The other choices will have fewer "things" in
solution and will raise the boiling point less.
◉ Which one of the following aqueous solutions would have the
highest freezing point?
A) 1.0 m NaNO3
B) 2.0 m CH3OH
C) 1.0 m C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 1.0 m CaCl2. Answer: The dissolved solute will lower the freezing
point. The more "things" that are dissolved (ions or molecules), the
lower the freezing point will be. Since C₆H₁₂O₆ is a molecule, it will
not break apart and there will only be a concentration of 1.0 m of
molecules in solution. It will lower the freezing point less than all
PRACTICE SET SOLUTION QUESTIONS WITH
FULL ANSWERS
◉ nm to m
or
m to nm. Answer: 1 m / 10^9 nm
or
10^9 nm / 1 m
◉ What is the maximum number of electrons that can have the
quantum numbers n = 3, ℓ = 2, mℓ = -2. Answer: The Pauli exclusion
principle states that no two electrons in a given atom can share the
same set of four quantum numbers (n, ℓ, mℓ, ms). This set of
quantum numbers contains three quantum numbers, with the only
missing quantum number being ms, which can take on the values
+½ and -½. Therefore, this set of three quantum numbers
represents a single atomic orbital, which can contain two unique
electrons: one with ms = +½ and one with ms = -½.
◉ An exothermic reaction causes the surroundings to. Answer: An
exothermic reaction transfers energy from the system to the
surroundings. That tells us the surroundings will get warmer.
,◉ A theory is another word for a(n) _________.. Answer: A theory or
model is a well established explanation of a phenomenon based on a
series of facts and a body of evidence.
◉ What is the definition of a natural law?. Answer: A scientific law
summarizes an observable behavior.
◉ The skeletal structure of a complex organic molecule is shown
below. Determine the number of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in the
molecule.. Answer: Remember a single bond = 1 σ; a double bond = 1
σ + 1 π; a triple bond = 1 σ + 2 π. This molecule contains 6 double
bonds, so there are 6σ and 6π. There are 28 single bonds, so there
are 28 σ. This is a total 34σ and 6π.
◉ strontium phosphate. Answer: Sr₃(PO₄)₂
◉ Which of the following statements is true?. Answer: One driving
force in the vaporization of a liquid is an increase in disorder
(entropy). Gas molecules are more disordered than liquid molecules.
Adding a non-volatile solute to a liquid also increases the disorder of
the liquid molecules, so the difference in disorder between the liquid
and gas phases is not as great as with a pure substance. Therefore
the tendency to vaporize is not as great for the solution as it is for
the pure liquid, resulting in a lower vapor pressure for the solution.
, ◉ Which of the following aqueous solutions would have the highest
boiling point?
A) 1.0 m NaNO3
B) 1.0 m HF
C) 1.0 m C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 1.0 m CaCl2. Answer: The dissolved solute will raise the boiling
point. The more "things" that are dissolved (ions or molecules), the
higher the boiling point will be. The CaCl₂ will break up into one
Ca²⁺ ion and two Cl⁻ ions and there will be a concentration of 3.0 m
of "things" in solution. The other choices will have fewer "things" in
solution and will raise the boiling point less.
◉ Which one of the following aqueous solutions would have the
highest freezing point?
A) 1.0 m NaNO3
B) 2.0 m CH3OH
C) 1.0 m C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 1.0 m CaCl2. Answer: The dissolved solute will lower the freezing
point. The more "things" that are dissolved (ions or molecules), the
lower the freezing point will be. Since C₆H₁₂O₆ is a molecule, it will
not break apart and there will only be a concentration of 1.0 m of
molecules in solution. It will lower the freezing point less than all
