BIO 180 Exam 3 Questions With Correct
Answers
What is a monophyletic group? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a common ancestor and
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all of its descendants
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What is an outgroup? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a taxon that is closely related to a
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monophyletic group, but not part of it | | | | | |
Homology and homoplasy produce similar traits. What is the key difference? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-whether or not the similar traits were inherited from a
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common ancestor |
What is a synapomorphy? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a trait that is derived from an
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ancestor and identifies a monophyletic group
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As a principle in logic, what does parsimony mean? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the
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simplest explanation is preferred (more complicated explanations are less likely)
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Why does convergent evolution occur? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-When natural
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selection favors similar traits in similar environments.
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On a phylogenetic tree, what does a branch represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a
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population through time
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, On most phylogenetic trees, what does the length of a branch represent? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-nothing |
On a phylogenetic tree, what does a node represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a
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splitting event (one population becomes two or more evolutionarily independent
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populations)
On a phylogenetic tree, what does a tip represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-any
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taxon (named group)
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What criterion does the biological species concept use to identify species? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-reproductive isolation
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Which of the following is a strength of the biological species concept? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-it is focused on genetic isolation—the key to speciation
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Which of the following is a weakness of the biological species concept? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-It isn't applicable to asexual, fossil, or geographically
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isolated species |
Why is the morphological species concept a logical criterion for identifying
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species? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-If species are evolving independently, they
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should have recognizable morphological differences
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Answers
What is a monophyletic group? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a common ancestor and
| | | | | | | | | | |
all of its descendants
| | |
What is an outgroup? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a taxon that is closely related to a
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
monophyletic group, but not part of it | | | | | |
Homology and homoplasy produce similar traits. What is the key difference? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-whether or not the similar traits were inherited from a
| | | | | | | | | | |
common ancestor |
What is a synapomorphy? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a trait that is derived from an
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ancestor and identifies a monophyletic group
| | | | |
As a principle in logic, what does parsimony mean? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
simplest explanation is preferred (more complicated explanations are less likely)
| | | | | | | | |
Why does convergent evolution occur? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-When natural
| | | | | | | | |
selection favors similar traits in similar environments.
| | | | | |
On a phylogenetic tree, what does a branch represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a
| | | | | | | | | | |
population through time
| | |
, On most phylogenetic trees, what does the length of a branch represent? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-nothing |
On a phylogenetic tree, what does a node represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a
| | | | | | | | | | | |
splitting event (one population becomes two or more evolutionarily independent
| | | | | | | | | |
populations)
On a phylogenetic tree, what does a tip represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-any
| | | | | | | | | | | |
taxon (named group)
| |
What criterion does the biological species concept use to identify species? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-reproductive isolation
| |
Which of the following is a strength of the biological species concept? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-it is focused on genetic isolation—the key to speciation
| | | | | | | |
Which of the following is a weakness of the biological species concept? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-It isn't applicable to asexual, fossil, or geographically
| | | | | | | | |
isolated species |
Why is the morphological species concept a logical criterion for identifying
| | | | | | | | | | |
species? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-If species are evolving independently, they
| | | | | | | | |
should have recognizable morphological differences
| | | |
