Rasmussen Patho Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 100% PASS
Pathophysiology—ANSWER--the study of how disease processes affect the function of
the body
sign vs symptom—ANSWER--a sign is a physical manifestation (objective), a symptom
is what the patient tells you about the disease (subjective)
Cell components—ANSWER--nucleus/nucleolus, cytoplasm, cell membrane
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)—ANSWER--the body's adaptive response to stress
in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
Intracellular fluid (ICF)—ANSWER--fluid inside cells
Extracellular fluid (ECF)—ANSWER--fluid outside the cells; includes intravascular and
interstitial fluids
intravascular fluid—ANSWER--fluid within blood vessels
interstitial fluid—ANSWER--liquid found between the cells of the body that provides
much of the liquid environment of the body
edema—ANSWER--Abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues.
Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD)—ANSWER--(hypovolemia) loss of both water and
electrolytes in similar proportions from the ECF
, fluid overload—ANSWER--a condition that occurs when the body cannot handle the
amount of fluid consumed
Hypervolemia—ANSWER--abnormal increase in the volume of blood plasma in the
body
RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system)—ANSWER--Maintain blood pressure;
Renin is released by kidneys in response to decreased blood volume; causes
angiotensinogen to split & produce angiotensin I; lungs convert angiotensin I to
angiotensin II; angiotensin II stimulates adrenal gland to release aldosterone & causes
an increase in peripheral vasoconstriction
Sodium value:—ANSWER--135-145 mEq/L
Hypernatremia—ANSWER--increased sodium levels; thirst, muscle twitching, hyper flex
is, seizure
Hyponatremia—ANSWER--1. Headache
2. Seizure
3. Coma
Potassium value—ANSWER--3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Hypokalemia S/S—ANSWER--Fatigue, Anorexia, N/V, Muscle weakness, Decreased GI
motility, Dysrhythmias, Paresthesia, Flat T waves on ECG
Hyperkalemia S/S—ANSWER--Muscle weakness, Bradycardia, Dysrhythmias, Faccid
paralysis, Intestinal colic, Tall T waves on ECG
© 2026 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. This document is
protected by copyright law, Copyrighted By Brittie Donald
Answers 100% PASS
Pathophysiology—ANSWER--the study of how disease processes affect the function of
the body
sign vs symptom—ANSWER--a sign is a physical manifestation (objective), a symptom
is what the patient tells you about the disease (subjective)
Cell components—ANSWER--nucleus/nucleolus, cytoplasm, cell membrane
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)—ANSWER--the body's adaptive response to stress
in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
Intracellular fluid (ICF)—ANSWER--fluid inside cells
Extracellular fluid (ECF)—ANSWER--fluid outside the cells; includes intravascular and
interstitial fluids
intravascular fluid—ANSWER--fluid within blood vessels
interstitial fluid—ANSWER--liquid found between the cells of the body that provides
much of the liquid environment of the body
edema—ANSWER--Abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues.
Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD)—ANSWER--(hypovolemia) loss of both water and
electrolytes in similar proportions from the ECF
, fluid overload—ANSWER--a condition that occurs when the body cannot handle the
amount of fluid consumed
Hypervolemia—ANSWER--abnormal increase in the volume of blood plasma in the
body
RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system)—ANSWER--Maintain blood pressure;
Renin is released by kidneys in response to decreased blood volume; causes
angiotensinogen to split & produce angiotensin I; lungs convert angiotensin I to
angiotensin II; angiotensin II stimulates adrenal gland to release aldosterone & causes
an increase in peripheral vasoconstriction
Sodium value:—ANSWER--135-145 mEq/L
Hypernatremia—ANSWER--increased sodium levels; thirst, muscle twitching, hyper flex
is, seizure
Hyponatremia—ANSWER--1. Headache
2. Seizure
3. Coma
Potassium value—ANSWER--3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Hypokalemia S/S—ANSWER--Fatigue, Anorexia, N/V, Muscle weakness, Decreased GI
motility, Dysrhythmias, Paresthesia, Flat T waves on ECG
Hyperkalemia S/S—ANSWER--Muscle weakness, Bradycardia, Dysrhythmias, Faccid
paralysis, Intestinal colic, Tall T waves on ECG
© 2026 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. This document is
protected by copyright law, Copyrighted By Brittie Donald
