NURS 5366 (Principles of Research in Nursing, UTA)
Assignments chapters 1-5 Questions and Answers
1. Which variable is manipulated by the researcher?
→ Independent variable
Rationale: Determines cause-and-effect relationships.
2. Which variable is measured to assess the effect of the intervention?
→ Dependent variable
Rationale: Reflects outcomes influenced by the independent variable.
3. Which variables describe participant traits like age or gender?
→ Demographic variables
Rationale: Non-manipulable characteristics.
4. Purpose of a literature review in nursing research?
→ Identify gaps and justify the study
Rationale: Builds rationale for new research.
5. Section of a research article explaining data collection/analysis?
→ Methods section
Rationale: Ensures replicability.
6. Why is sample size important in quantitative research?
→ Larger samples increase generalizability
Rationale: Improves statistical power.
7. Ethical principle requiring participants be fully informed?
→ Informed consent
Rationale: Protects autonomy.
8. Ethical principle requiring minimization of harm?
→ Beneficence
Rationale: Central to nursing ethics.
9. Annotated bibliography purpose?
→ Summarize and critique sources
Rationale: Organizes evidence.
10. Which research design tests cause-and-effect relationships?
→ Experimental design
Rationale: Uses control and manipulation.
11. Which design observes phenomena without manipulation?
→ Descriptive design
Rationale: Provides naturalistic data.
12. Which design compares groups at one point in time?
→ Cross-sectional design
Rationale: Snapshot approach.
13. Which design follows participants over time?
→ Longitudinal design
Rationale: Tracks changes.
, 14. Which sampling method ensures equal chance of selection?
→ Random sampling
Rationale: Reduces bias.
15. Which sampling method selects participants based on availability?
→ Convenience sampling
Rationale: Easy but less rigorous.
16. Which validity ensures the instrument measures what it should?
→ Construct validity
Rationale: Aligns with theoretical concepts.
17. Which reliability assesses consistency across time?
→ Test-retest reliability
Rationale: Stability of measurement.
18. Which reliability assesses consistency across raters?
→ Inter-rater reliability
Rationale: Agreement among observers.
19. Which section of a research article interprets findings?
→ Discussion section
Rationale: Explains implications.
20. Which section states the research problem and purpose?
→ Introduction section
Rationale: Frames the study.
21. Which principle ensures fair treatment of participants?
→ Justice
Rationale: Equal distribution of benefits/risks.
22. Which principle respects participants’ autonomy?
→ Respect for persons
Rationale: Upholds dignity.
23. Which type of hypothesis predicts a relationship between variables?
→ Research hypothesis
Rationale: Guides testing.
24. Which type of hypothesis states no relationship exists?
→ Null hypothesis
Rationale: Basis for statistical testing.
25. Which statistical test compares means of two groups?
→ t-test
Rationale: Evaluates differences.
26. Which statistical test compares means of more than two groups?
→ ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)
Rationale: Determines differences among multiple groups.
27. Which test examines relationships between two categorical variables?
→ Chi-square test
Rationale: Evaluates association between categories.
28. Which test measures strength/direction of linear relationships?
→ Pearson correlation
Rationale: R-value indicates correlation strength.
Assignments chapters 1-5 Questions and Answers
1. Which variable is manipulated by the researcher?
→ Independent variable
Rationale: Determines cause-and-effect relationships.
2. Which variable is measured to assess the effect of the intervention?
→ Dependent variable
Rationale: Reflects outcomes influenced by the independent variable.
3. Which variables describe participant traits like age or gender?
→ Demographic variables
Rationale: Non-manipulable characteristics.
4. Purpose of a literature review in nursing research?
→ Identify gaps and justify the study
Rationale: Builds rationale for new research.
5. Section of a research article explaining data collection/analysis?
→ Methods section
Rationale: Ensures replicability.
6. Why is sample size important in quantitative research?
→ Larger samples increase generalizability
Rationale: Improves statistical power.
7. Ethical principle requiring participants be fully informed?
→ Informed consent
Rationale: Protects autonomy.
8. Ethical principle requiring minimization of harm?
→ Beneficence
Rationale: Central to nursing ethics.
9. Annotated bibliography purpose?
→ Summarize and critique sources
Rationale: Organizes evidence.
10. Which research design tests cause-and-effect relationships?
→ Experimental design
Rationale: Uses control and manipulation.
11. Which design observes phenomena without manipulation?
→ Descriptive design
Rationale: Provides naturalistic data.
12. Which design compares groups at one point in time?
→ Cross-sectional design
Rationale: Snapshot approach.
13. Which design follows participants over time?
→ Longitudinal design
Rationale: Tracks changes.
, 14. Which sampling method ensures equal chance of selection?
→ Random sampling
Rationale: Reduces bias.
15. Which sampling method selects participants based on availability?
→ Convenience sampling
Rationale: Easy but less rigorous.
16. Which validity ensures the instrument measures what it should?
→ Construct validity
Rationale: Aligns with theoretical concepts.
17. Which reliability assesses consistency across time?
→ Test-retest reliability
Rationale: Stability of measurement.
18. Which reliability assesses consistency across raters?
→ Inter-rater reliability
Rationale: Agreement among observers.
19. Which section of a research article interprets findings?
→ Discussion section
Rationale: Explains implications.
20. Which section states the research problem and purpose?
→ Introduction section
Rationale: Frames the study.
21. Which principle ensures fair treatment of participants?
→ Justice
Rationale: Equal distribution of benefits/risks.
22. Which principle respects participants’ autonomy?
→ Respect for persons
Rationale: Upholds dignity.
23. Which type of hypothesis predicts a relationship between variables?
→ Research hypothesis
Rationale: Guides testing.
24. Which type of hypothesis states no relationship exists?
→ Null hypothesis
Rationale: Basis for statistical testing.
25. Which statistical test compares means of two groups?
→ t-test
Rationale: Evaluates differences.
26. Which statistical test compares means of more than two groups?
→ ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)
Rationale: Determines differences among multiple groups.
27. Which test examines relationships between two categorical variables?
→ Chi-square test
Rationale: Evaluates association between categories.
28. Which test measures strength/direction of linear relationships?
→ Pearson correlation
Rationale: R-value indicates correlation strength.
