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Unit 5
,Describe the joints of the shoulder complex aka "shoulder girdle"
1) GH: Glenohumeral Joint
2) AC: Acromioclavicular Joint (planar joint, synovial)
3) SC: Sternoclavicular (synovial, saddle joint)
4) Scapulothoracic Joint
Describe the joints of the shoulder complex: GH
Glenohumeral Joint:
*Shallow ball and socket joint- congruency sacrificed for mobility
*25-50% of humeral head in contact with glenoid fossa
*Lacks strong ligamentous support
Describe the stabilizing passive structures of the GHJ
-Passive stability:
*Glenoid Labrum (deepens the glenoid fossa)
*Ligament (Sup, Mid, Inf GH ligaments)
-Sup. GHL:
*stabilizer when arm at side
*Limits extension + ER
-Middle GHL:
*Minimal stabilizing effect
*Limits ER in 45-75 deg of abd
-Inf GHL:
*Cradles humeral head
*limits abd + ER in 90 deg of abd
*Capsule
-Dynamic/Active Stability
*Muscles
-Other Ligaments
*Coracohumeral Ligament (support weight of UE, limits excessive ER + inferior
translation)
*Transverse Humeral Ligament (covers tendon of LH Biceps Brachii)
Describe the stabilizing passive structures of SCJ
Sternoclavicular Joint:
, 1. Sternoclavicular Lig.
a. Anterior
b. Posterior
2. Interclavicular Ligament
3. Costoclavicular Ligament
4. Fibrocartilage Articular Disc
Describe the stabilizing passive structures of the ACJ
Acromioclavicular Joint
1. Capsule of AC joint
*Fibrocartilage articular disc (usually incomplete)
2. Trapezoid Ligament
3. Conoid Ligament
2+3=Coracoclavicular Ligament
4. Coracoacromial Ligament
Describe the muscle attachments of the shoulder complex: Scapula
Posterior View
-Acromion: Posterior Deltoid-Axillary m.-
-Spine of Scapula: Lower + Middle trapezius- Spinal accessory n. (CN XI)
-Root of Spine: Rhomboid Major- Dorsal scapular n.
-Superior Angle: Levator Scapulae- Dorsal Scapular n.
-Supraspinatous Fossa: Suprapinatus- Suprascapular N
-Infraspinatous Fossa: Infraspinatus m.- Suprascapular n.
-Lateral Border: Teres Minor and Major: Axillary N. + Lower subscapular N.
-Inferior Angle: Teres Minor: Axillary N.
-Medial Border: Rhomboid Major: Dorsal Scapular N.
Anterior View