NSG 300 EXAM 1, 2, 3 & 4
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING -GCU
ACTUAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
100% GUARANTEED PASS
THIS EXAM CONTAINS:
100% GUARANTEED PASS
MULTIPLE-CHOICE (1-4) FOR SOME QUIZ
EACH QUESTION INCLUDES CORRECT ANSWER
FOUNDATION OF NURSING AT GRAND CANYON
UNIVERSITY
https://www.stuvia.com/user/mboffin
, NSG 300 EXAM #1
Topic 1: Chapter 6 + 29
1.1 Examine concepts of health and the health continuum.
● Definition of health: A state of complete, physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO)
○ Health is a state of being that people define in relation to their own values,
personality, and lifestyle.
● Health promotion: helps individuals maintain or enhance present health
○ Health promotion activities require a person to be actively involved in measures taken
to improve a condition and reduce the risk for disease.
● Health education: Helps people develop a greater understanding of their health and how
to better manage their health risks.
● Health beliefs:
○ Positive health behaviors: immunizations, proper sleep patterns, adequate
exercise, stress management, and nutrition.
○ Negative health behaviors: smoking, drug or alcohol abuse, poor diet, refusing
necessary medications
■ Health belief model: addresses relationship between a person’s beliefs
and behaviors
● First component: Individual perceptions of susceptibility to an illness
● Second component: individual’s perception of seriousness of illness
● Third component: likelihood a person will take preventative action
○ Preventative actions: lifestyle changes, increased adherence
to medical therapies, or a search for medical
advice/treatment.
● Analysis of perceived benefits of preventive action
■ Health promotion model:
● 1. Individual characteristics and experiences
● 2. Behavior-specific knowledge and affect
● 3. Behavioral outcomes
● Models of health and wellness:
○ Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: used to understand the interrelationships of basic
human needs (food, water, safety, and love)
○ Holistic health model: attempts to create conditions that promote optimal health
https://www.stuvia.com/user/mboffin
, NSG 300 EXAM #1
■ Patients at center of care, empowers patients to engage in their own recovery
● Illness prevention: Protects people from actual or potential threats to health
● Illness behavior: people reacting different ways because of attitudes about illness
● Define illness: A state in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social,
developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
○ Acute illness: short duration and severe
○ Chronic illness: Persists longer than 6 months
● Differentiate and describe the three levels of preventative care:
○ Primary prevention: True prevention that lowers the chance that a disease will develop
■ Include health education programs, nutritional programs, and physical fitness
activities
■ Aimed at health promotion and includes health education programs, immunizations,
and physical and nutritional fitness activities before an illness occurs.
○ Secondary prevention: Focuses on those who have health problems or illnesses and are at
risk for developing complications or worsening conditions
■ Activities are directed at diagnosis and prompt intervention
○ Tertiary prevention: Occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible
■ Activities are directed at rehabilitation to achieve high level of functioning
■ Minimize the impact of ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects
● Four types of risk factors that affect health (Box 6.1)
○ Internal variables:
■ Developmental stage
■ Intellectual background
■ Perception of functioning, illness, and nature of illness
■ Emotional factors - can include stress!
■ Spiritual factors
■ Locus of control
■ Coping skills
○ External variables
■ Family role and practices
■ Visibility of symptoms
■ Social group
■ Cultural background - cultural beliefs
■ Employment status
■ Social determinants of health - economics, accessibility to healthcare
● Variables that influence illness behavior in clients and families
○ Nonmodifiable risk factors: age, gender, genetics, and family history
○ Modifiable risk factors: lifestyle practices and behaviors
■ Some risk factors put individuals at risk for developing specific diseases.
■ Chronic illness modifiable behavior risk factors include unhealthy diet, physical
inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol abuse, poor control of HTN, and elevated lipid/glucose
levels
■ Ages 10-24: behaviors that lead to unintentional injuries (texting while driving)
○ Environment: physical environment in which a person works or lives can increase the
likelihood that certain illnesses will occur, work-related diseases from exposure
● Impact of illness on the patient and family
○ Behavioral and emotional changes
○ Impact on body image
https://www.stuvia.com/user/mboffin
, NSG b300 bEXAM b#1
○ Impact on self-concept
○ Impact on family roles
○ Impact on family dynamics - impact on family roles
● Risk factor modifications and changing health behaviors:
○ Transtheoretical Model of Change
■ Precontemplation: no intent to make changes within 6 months (There is nothing I
need to change)
■ Contemplation: Considering a change within the next 6 months (I have a problem
I think I need to work on)
■ Preparation: Making small changes in preparation for change (I started a change,
but didn’t keep it up)
■ Action: Actively engaged in strategies to change behavior, lasts up to 6 months
■ Maintenance: Sustained change over time: begins 6 months after action has
started and continue indefinitely
● The nurse’s role in health and illness:
○ Promote health, prevent illness, treat human responses, and advocate for patients.
○ Utilize evidence-based research and recommendations to improve the health of patients.
Stages of behavioral changes when a patient experiences trauma event:
1. Shock
2. Withdrawal
3. Acknowledgement
4. Acceptance
5. Rehabilitation
ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation and Evaluation.
1.4 Describe vital signs, including temperature, pulse, respirations (TPR), blood pressure
oxygen levels and pain.
● Capnography: Normal range is 35-45 mmHg (pg 468)
● Temperature:
○ Average range for adults: 36° to 38°C
■ Oral/tympanic: 37° 98.6
■ Rectal: 37.5° 99.5
■ Axillary: 36.5° 97.7
● Thermoregulation: Heat produced-heat loss = body temp ~occurring simultaneously
○ Neural and vascular control: the hypothalamus controls body temp
■ The anterior hypothalamus controls heat loss and posterior hypothalamus
controls heat production.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/mboffin
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING -GCU
ACTUAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
100% GUARANTEED PASS
THIS EXAM CONTAINS:
100% GUARANTEED PASS
MULTIPLE-CHOICE (1-4) FOR SOME QUIZ
EACH QUESTION INCLUDES CORRECT ANSWER
FOUNDATION OF NURSING AT GRAND CANYON
UNIVERSITY
https://www.stuvia.com/user/mboffin
, NSG 300 EXAM #1
Topic 1: Chapter 6 + 29
1.1 Examine concepts of health and the health continuum.
● Definition of health: A state of complete, physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO)
○ Health is a state of being that people define in relation to their own values,
personality, and lifestyle.
● Health promotion: helps individuals maintain or enhance present health
○ Health promotion activities require a person to be actively involved in measures taken
to improve a condition and reduce the risk for disease.
● Health education: Helps people develop a greater understanding of their health and how
to better manage their health risks.
● Health beliefs:
○ Positive health behaviors: immunizations, proper sleep patterns, adequate
exercise, stress management, and nutrition.
○ Negative health behaviors: smoking, drug or alcohol abuse, poor diet, refusing
necessary medications
■ Health belief model: addresses relationship between a person’s beliefs
and behaviors
● First component: Individual perceptions of susceptibility to an illness
● Second component: individual’s perception of seriousness of illness
● Third component: likelihood a person will take preventative action
○ Preventative actions: lifestyle changes, increased adherence
to medical therapies, or a search for medical
advice/treatment.
● Analysis of perceived benefits of preventive action
■ Health promotion model:
● 1. Individual characteristics and experiences
● 2. Behavior-specific knowledge and affect
● 3. Behavioral outcomes
● Models of health and wellness:
○ Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: used to understand the interrelationships of basic
human needs (food, water, safety, and love)
○ Holistic health model: attempts to create conditions that promote optimal health
https://www.stuvia.com/user/mboffin
, NSG 300 EXAM #1
■ Patients at center of care, empowers patients to engage in their own recovery
● Illness prevention: Protects people from actual or potential threats to health
● Illness behavior: people reacting different ways because of attitudes about illness
● Define illness: A state in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social,
developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
○ Acute illness: short duration and severe
○ Chronic illness: Persists longer than 6 months
● Differentiate and describe the three levels of preventative care:
○ Primary prevention: True prevention that lowers the chance that a disease will develop
■ Include health education programs, nutritional programs, and physical fitness
activities
■ Aimed at health promotion and includes health education programs, immunizations,
and physical and nutritional fitness activities before an illness occurs.
○ Secondary prevention: Focuses on those who have health problems or illnesses and are at
risk for developing complications or worsening conditions
■ Activities are directed at diagnosis and prompt intervention
○ Tertiary prevention: Occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible
■ Activities are directed at rehabilitation to achieve high level of functioning
■ Minimize the impact of ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects
● Four types of risk factors that affect health (Box 6.1)
○ Internal variables:
■ Developmental stage
■ Intellectual background
■ Perception of functioning, illness, and nature of illness
■ Emotional factors - can include stress!
■ Spiritual factors
■ Locus of control
■ Coping skills
○ External variables
■ Family role and practices
■ Visibility of symptoms
■ Social group
■ Cultural background - cultural beliefs
■ Employment status
■ Social determinants of health - economics, accessibility to healthcare
● Variables that influence illness behavior in clients and families
○ Nonmodifiable risk factors: age, gender, genetics, and family history
○ Modifiable risk factors: lifestyle practices and behaviors
■ Some risk factors put individuals at risk for developing specific diseases.
■ Chronic illness modifiable behavior risk factors include unhealthy diet, physical
inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol abuse, poor control of HTN, and elevated lipid/glucose
levels
■ Ages 10-24: behaviors that lead to unintentional injuries (texting while driving)
○ Environment: physical environment in which a person works or lives can increase the
likelihood that certain illnesses will occur, work-related diseases from exposure
● Impact of illness on the patient and family
○ Behavioral and emotional changes
○ Impact on body image
https://www.stuvia.com/user/mboffin
, NSG b300 bEXAM b#1
○ Impact on self-concept
○ Impact on family roles
○ Impact on family dynamics - impact on family roles
● Risk factor modifications and changing health behaviors:
○ Transtheoretical Model of Change
■ Precontemplation: no intent to make changes within 6 months (There is nothing I
need to change)
■ Contemplation: Considering a change within the next 6 months (I have a problem
I think I need to work on)
■ Preparation: Making small changes in preparation for change (I started a change,
but didn’t keep it up)
■ Action: Actively engaged in strategies to change behavior, lasts up to 6 months
■ Maintenance: Sustained change over time: begins 6 months after action has
started and continue indefinitely
● The nurse’s role in health and illness:
○ Promote health, prevent illness, treat human responses, and advocate for patients.
○ Utilize evidence-based research and recommendations to improve the health of patients.
Stages of behavioral changes when a patient experiences trauma event:
1. Shock
2. Withdrawal
3. Acknowledgement
4. Acceptance
5. Rehabilitation
ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation and Evaluation.
1.4 Describe vital signs, including temperature, pulse, respirations (TPR), blood pressure
oxygen levels and pain.
● Capnography: Normal range is 35-45 mmHg (pg 468)
● Temperature:
○ Average range for adults: 36° to 38°C
■ Oral/tympanic: 37° 98.6
■ Rectal: 37.5° 99.5
■ Axillary: 36.5° 97.7
● Thermoregulation: Heat produced-heat loss = body temp ~occurring simultaneously
○ Neural and vascular control: the hypothalamus controls body temp
■ The anterior hypothalamus controls heat loss and posterior hypothalamus
controls heat production.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/mboffin
