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McCance Huether Pathophysiology
Test Bank 1 (9th Edition) Exam 2026
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central nervous system (CNS) -- Verified--Solution----consists of brain
and spinal cord, enclosed within the cranial vault and vertebrae
peripheral nervous system (PNS) -- Verified--Solution----composed of
cranial nerves and spinal nerves
also can be divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
cranial nerves -- Verified--Solution----project from the brain and pass
through foramina in the skull
spinal nerves -- Verified--Solution----project from the spinal cord and
pass through intervertebral foramina of the vertebrae
afferent -- Verified--Solution----pathways that carry sensory impulses
toward the CNS
efferent -- Verified--Solution----descending pathways carrying sensory
impulses from the CNS to effector organs
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somatic nervous system -- Verified--Solution----consist of motor and
sensory pathways regulating voluntary motor control of skeletal muscle
autonomic nervous system -- Verified--Solution----consists of motor and
sensory components and is involved with regulation of the body's
internal environment through involuntary control of organ systems
-can be further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
microtubules -- Verified--Solution----made of protein and believed to be
involved in transport of cellular products
neuroglial cells -- Verified--Solution----found in the CNS and PNS and
can provide structural support and nutrition for neurons, remove debris,
increase speed of nerve impulses, and play a role in memory
Nissl substances -- Verified--Solution----consist of ER and ribosomes
and are involved in protein synthesis
nuclei -- Verified--Solution----dense, packed cell bodies in the CNS
ganglia -- Verified--Solution----groups of cells bodies in the PNS
dendrites -- Verified--Solution----extensions that carry nerve impulses
toward the cell body
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dendritic zone -- Verified--Solution----the receptive portion of a neuron
that receives a stimulus and continues further conduction
axons -- Verified--Solution----long, conductive projections from the cell
body that carry nerve impulses away from the cell body
axon hillock -- Verified--Solution----the cone-shaped, organelle-free
area where the axon leaves the cell body
fascicles -- Verified--Solution----bundles of axons in large nerves
myelin -- Verified--Solution----an insulating substance made of a
segmented layer of lipid material
endoneurium -- Verified--Solution----a delicate connective tissue around
each axon in the PNS
nodes of Ranvier -- Verified--Solution----interruptions in the
neurilemma and myelin sheath
saltatory conduction -- Verified--Solution----process by which ions can
flow between segments rather than along the entire length of the
membrane, resulting in increased velocity of neuronal conduction
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divergence -- Verified--Solution----ability of branching axons to
influence many different neurons
convergence -- Verified--Solution----branches of numerous neurons
converging on and influencing one or a few nuerons
larger -- Verified--Solution----_________axons transmit impulses at a
faster rate
unipolar -- Verified--Solution----neurons have one process that branches
shortly after leaving the cell body.
pseudounipolar -- Verified--Solution----neurons that have one process
that has its dendritic portion extending away from the CNS and its axon
portion projecting into the CNS
-typical of sensory neurons in cranial and spinal nerves
bipolar -- Verified--Solution----neurons that have two distinct processes
arising from the cell body; example: neuron connecting rod and cone
cells of the retina
multipolar -- Verified--Solution----neurons that are the most common
and have multiple dendrites and a single axon; example: most motor
neurons
McCance Huether Pathophysiology
Test Bank 1 (9th Edition) Exam 2026
Brand New (Already Sold)
central nervous system (CNS) -- Verified--Solution----consists of brain
and spinal cord, enclosed within the cranial vault and vertebrae
peripheral nervous system (PNS) -- Verified--Solution----composed of
cranial nerves and spinal nerves
also can be divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
cranial nerves -- Verified--Solution----project from the brain and pass
through foramina in the skull
spinal nerves -- Verified--Solution----project from the spinal cord and
pass through intervertebral foramina of the vertebrae
afferent -- Verified--Solution----pathways that carry sensory impulses
toward the CNS
efferent -- Verified--Solution----descending pathways carrying sensory
impulses from the CNS to effector organs
,2 | Page
somatic nervous system -- Verified--Solution----consist of motor and
sensory pathways regulating voluntary motor control of skeletal muscle
autonomic nervous system -- Verified--Solution----consists of motor and
sensory components and is involved with regulation of the body's
internal environment through involuntary control of organ systems
-can be further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
microtubules -- Verified--Solution----made of protein and believed to be
involved in transport of cellular products
neuroglial cells -- Verified--Solution----found in the CNS and PNS and
can provide structural support and nutrition for neurons, remove debris,
increase speed of nerve impulses, and play a role in memory
Nissl substances -- Verified--Solution----consist of ER and ribosomes
and are involved in protein synthesis
nuclei -- Verified--Solution----dense, packed cell bodies in the CNS
ganglia -- Verified--Solution----groups of cells bodies in the PNS
dendrites -- Verified--Solution----extensions that carry nerve impulses
toward the cell body
,3 | Page
dendritic zone -- Verified--Solution----the receptive portion of a neuron
that receives a stimulus and continues further conduction
axons -- Verified--Solution----long, conductive projections from the cell
body that carry nerve impulses away from the cell body
axon hillock -- Verified--Solution----the cone-shaped, organelle-free
area where the axon leaves the cell body
fascicles -- Verified--Solution----bundles of axons in large nerves
myelin -- Verified--Solution----an insulating substance made of a
segmented layer of lipid material
endoneurium -- Verified--Solution----a delicate connective tissue around
each axon in the PNS
nodes of Ranvier -- Verified--Solution----interruptions in the
neurilemma and myelin sheath
saltatory conduction -- Verified--Solution----process by which ions can
flow between segments rather than along the entire length of the
membrane, resulting in increased velocity of neuronal conduction
, 4 | Page
divergence -- Verified--Solution----ability of branching axons to
influence many different neurons
convergence -- Verified--Solution----branches of numerous neurons
converging on and influencing one or a few nuerons
larger -- Verified--Solution----_________axons transmit impulses at a
faster rate
unipolar -- Verified--Solution----neurons have one process that branches
shortly after leaving the cell body.
pseudounipolar -- Verified--Solution----neurons that have one process
that has its dendritic portion extending away from the CNS and its axon
portion projecting into the CNS
-typical of sensory neurons in cranial and spinal nerves
bipolar -- Verified--Solution----neurons that have two distinct processes
arising from the cell body; example: neuron connecting rod and cone
cells of the retina
multipolar -- Verified--Solution----neurons that are the most common
and have multiple dendrites and a single axon; example: most motor
neurons
