Biology, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Physiological
Systems Examination: Taxonomy and Linnaean Classification (Domain,
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species), Scientific
Methodology (Observation, Inference, Hypothesis, Experimentation, Data
Analysis, Conclusion), Water and Biochemistry (Polarity, Cohesion,
Adhesion, Solvent Properties, Hydrogen Bonding, Monomers, Polymers,
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Enzymes, Metabolism,
Catabolism, Anabolism, ATP, Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions, Free
Energy, Energy Coupling), Cell Biology (Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells,
Plasma Membrane, Cell Wall, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Chromatin,
Ribosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes, Vacuoles,
Chloroplasts, Mitochondria, Peroxisomes, Cytoskeleton, Centrosomes,
Flagella, Microvilli, Plasmodesmata), Cellular Processes (Cellular
Respiration, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation,
Photosynthesis, Light Reactions, Calvin Cycle), Genetics and Heredity (DNA,
RNA, Nucleotides, DNA Replication) Exam Questions Verified and Provided
with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
What is biology?
Biology is the study of living organisms and the processes that are vital for life.
What is taxonomy?
,Taxonomy is the science behind the biological names of organisms.
Who invented the naming system for species?
Carl Linnaeus
Describe how the Latin scientific naming of species works.
The scientific name of a species is called the binomial, which has two parts: the genus, which
comes first, and the specific epithet, which comes second.
Similar species are grouped into the same genus.
List he Linnaean taxonomic system from least to most specialized.
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What are the steps of the scientific method?
1. Make an observation
2. Create a question
3. Form a hypothesis
4. Conduct an experiment
5. Collect and analyze data
6. Forma conclusion
,What is an observation?
An observation is the analysis of information using basic human senses
What is a qualitative observation?
A qualitative observation describes what is being observed
What is a quantitative observation?
A quantitative observation measures what is being observed.
What is an inference?
An inference is a logical prediction based on experience or education that leads to the
formation of a hypothesis
What is a hypothesis?
A hypothesis is a testable explanation of an observed scenario and is presented in the form of a
statement.
A hypothesis makes an assumption between two different variables, and answers the question:
"I I do this, what happens to that?"
How does one test a hypothesis?
To test a hypothesis, one must conduct a carefully designed experiment
, What is important about collecting and analyzing data?
A different scientist must be able to clearly understand the experiment and recreate it exactly
based off of the collected data.
What is the final step of the scientific method?
The final step of the scientific method is to make inferences from observed data, which is also
known as forming a conclusion.
What is water made up of chemically?
Two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom by covalent bonds that make a v-shaped
molecule
Is water polar or non polar?
Water is a polar molecule
Why is water a polar molecule?
Due to oxygen's electronegativity and its substantial positively charged nucleus, hydrogen's
electrons are pulled closer to the oxygen. This causes the hydrogen atoms to have a slight
positive charge and the oxygen atom to have a slight negative charge
What are water's important qualities?
Systems Examination: Taxonomy and Linnaean Classification (Domain,
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species), Scientific
Methodology (Observation, Inference, Hypothesis, Experimentation, Data
Analysis, Conclusion), Water and Biochemistry (Polarity, Cohesion,
Adhesion, Solvent Properties, Hydrogen Bonding, Monomers, Polymers,
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Enzymes, Metabolism,
Catabolism, Anabolism, ATP, Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions, Free
Energy, Energy Coupling), Cell Biology (Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells,
Plasma Membrane, Cell Wall, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Chromatin,
Ribosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes, Vacuoles,
Chloroplasts, Mitochondria, Peroxisomes, Cytoskeleton, Centrosomes,
Flagella, Microvilli, Plasmodesmata), Cellular Processes (Cellular
Respiration, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation,
Photosynthesis, Light Reactions, Calvin Cycle), Genetics and Heredity (DNA,
RNA, Nucleotides, DNA Replication) Exam Questions Verified and Provided
with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
What is biology?
Biology is the study of living organisms and the processes that are vital for life.
What is taxonomy?
,Taxonomy is the science behind the biological names of organisms.
Who invented the naming system for species?
Carl Linnaeus
Describe how the Latin scientific naming of species works.
The scientific name of a species is called the binomial, which has two parts: the genus, which
comes first, and the specific epithet, which comes second.
Similar species are grouped into the same genus.
List he Linnaean taxonomic system from least to most specialized.
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What are the steps of the scientific method?
1. Make an observation
2. Create a question
3. Form a hypothesis
4. Conduct an experiment
5. Collect and analyze data
6. Forma conclusion
,What is an observation?
An observation is the analysis of information using basic human senses
What is a qualitative observation?
A qualitative observation describes what is being observed
What is a quantitative observation?
A quantitative observation measures what is being observed.
What is an inference?
An inference is a logical prediction based on experience or education that leads to the
formation of a hypothesis
What is a hypothesis?
A hypothesis is a testable explanation of an observed scenario and is presented in the form of a
statement.
A hypothesis makes an assumption between two different variables, and answers the question:
"I I do this, what happens to that?"
How does one test a hypothesis?
To test a hypothesis, one must conduct a carefully designed experiment
, What is important about collecting and analyzing data?
A different scientist must be able to clearly understand the experiment and recreate it exactly
based off of the collected data.
What is the final step of the scientific method?
The final step of the scientific method is to make inferences from observed data, which is also
known as forming a conclusion.
What is water made up of chemically?
Two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom by covalent bonds that make a v-shaped
molecule
Is water polar or non polar?
Water is a polar molecule
Why is water a polar molecule?
Due to oxygen's electronegativity and its substantial positively charged nucleus, hydrogen's
electrons are pulled closer to the oxygen. This causes the hydrogen atoms to have a slight
positive charge and the oxygen atom to have a slight negative charge
What are water's important qualities?
