NR-328 Pediatric Nursing Final Exam Questions
And Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2025/2026 Q&A | Instant Download
Pdf
1. Which immunization is recommended for a 2-month-old
infant?
A. Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)
B. DTaP
C. Varicella
D. HPV
Infants receive the DTaP vaccine at 2 months to protect against
diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.
2. A toddler presents with sudden onset of a barking cough and
stridor. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Bronchiolitis
B. Croup
C. Asthma
D. Pneumonia
Croup is characterized by a viral infection causing a barking
cough and inspiratory stridor, usually in children 6 months–3
years.
3. Which assessment finding is most concerning in a child with
dehydration?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Decreased urine output
C. Sunken fontanelle
D. Thirst
A sunken fontanelle indicates significant fluid loss and possible
hypovolemic shock.
,4. What is the priority nursing action for a child experiencing an
acute asthma attack?
A. Administer oral corticosteroids
B. Encourage fluid intake
C. Administer a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA)
D. Monitor oxygen saturation every 4 hours
Rapid bronchodilation with a SABA (e.g., albuterol) is first-line
therapy during an acute asthma exacerbation.
5. A 4-year-old child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy.
Which symptom requires immediate attention?
A. Mild fatigue
B. Fever of 101°F (38.3°C)
C. Nausea after chemotherapy
D. Hair loss
Fever in a child with leukemia may indicate neutropenic sepsis,
which is a medical emergency.
6. What is the most appropriate pain assessment tool for a 6-
year-old child?
A. Numeric rating scale
B. Visual analog scale
C. Faces Pain Scale – Revised (FPS-R)
D. FLACC scale
The FPS-R allows children aged 4–12 to self-report pain using
facial expressions.
7. Which intervention is appropriate for a child with sickle cell
disease during a vaso-occlusive crisis?
A. Restrict fluids
B. Administer IV fluids and pain medication
C. Provide oxygen only if hypoxic
D. Encourage bed rest without medication
Hydration and analgesia are primary interventions to reduce
sickling and pain.
, 8. A nurse is teaching parents about otitis media prevention.
Which statement indicates correct understanding?
A. “We should avoid all vaccinations.”
B. “We should keep our baby upright during feeding.”
C. “Ear infections are not related to feeding position.”
D. “Antibiotics should be given preventively every month.”
Keeping infants upright during bottle feeding reduces the risk of
fluid entering the middle ear.
9. A 2-year-old has been diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome.
Which assessment finding is expected?
A. Hypertension
B. Periorbital edema
C. Bradycardia
D. Hyperactivity
Edema, especially around the eyes, is a classic sign of nephrotic
syndrome in young children.
10. Which is the best intervention to prevent respiratory
syncytial virus (RSV) infection in high-risk infants?
A. Administer influenza vaccine
B. Monthly palivizumab injections
C. Encourage early solid foods
D. Prescribe antibiotics
Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody given to high-risk infants
to prevent severe RSV infection.
11. A 5-year-old child is experiencing a febrile seizure. Which
is the priority action?
A. Place the child on their side and protect their head
B. Give oral acetaminophen immediately
C. Restrain the child’s movements
D. Start IV antibiotics
Protecting the airway and preventing injury is the first priority
during a seizure.
And Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2025/2026 Q&A | Instant Download
1. Which immunization is recommended for a 2-month-old
infant?
A. Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)
B. DTaP
C. Varicella
D. HPV
Infants receive the DTaP vaccine at 2 months to protect against
diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.
2. A toddler presents with sudden onset of a barking cough and
stridor. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Bronchiolitis
B. Croup
C. Asthma
D. Pneumonia
Croup is characterized by a viral infection causing a barking
cough and inspiratory stridor, usually in children 6 months–3
years.
3. Which assessment finding is most concerning in a child with
dehydration?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Decreased urine output
C. Sunken fontanelle
D. Thirst
A sunken fontanelle indicates significant fluid loss and possible
hypovolemic shock.
,4. What is the priority nursing action for a child experiencing an
acute asthma attack?
A. Administer oral corticosteroids
B. Encourage fluid intake
C. Administer a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA)
D. Monitor oxygen saturation every 4 hours
Rapid bronchodilation with a SABA (e.g., albuterol) is first-line
therapy during an acute asthma exacerbation.
5. A 4-year-old child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy.
Which symptom requires immediate attention?
A. Mild fatigue
B. Fever of 101°F (38.3°C)
C. Nausea after chemotherapy
D. Hair loss
Fever in a child with leukemia may indicate neutropenic sepsis,
which is a medical emergency.
6. What is the most appropriate pain assessment tool for a 6-
year-old child?
A. Numeric rating scale
B. Visual analog scale
C. Faces Pain Scale – Revised (FPS-R)
D. FLACC scale
The FPS-R allows children aged 4–12 to self-report pain using
facial expressions.
7. Which intervention is appropriate for a child with sickle cell
disease during a vaso-occlusive crisis?
A. Restrict fluids
B. Administer IV fluids and pain medication
C. Provide oxygen only if hypoxic
D. Encourage bed rest without medication
Hydration and analgesia are primary interventions to reduce
sickling and pain.
, 8. A nurse is teaching parents about otitis media prevention.
Which statement indicates correct understanding?
A. “We should avoid all vaccinations.”
B. “We should keep our baby upright during feeding.”
C. “Ear infections are not related to feeding position.”
D. “Antibiotics should be given preventively every month.”
Keeping infants upright during bottle feeding reduces the risk of
fluid entering the middle ear.
9. A 2-year-old has been diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome.
Which assessment finding is expected?
A. Hypertension
B. Periorbital edema
C. Bradycardia
D. Hyperactivity
Edema, especially around the eyes, is a classic sign of nephrotic
syndrome in young children.
10. Which is the best intervention to prevent respiratory
syncytial virus (RSV) infection in high-risk infants?
A. Administer influenza vaccine
B. Monthly palivizumab injections
C. Encourage early solid foods
D. Prescribe antibiotics
Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody given to high-risk infants
to prevent severe RSV infection.
11. A 5-year-old child is experiencing a febrile seizure. Which
is the priority action?
A. Place the child on their side and protect their head
B. Give oral acetaminophen immediately
C. Restrain the child’s movements
D. Start IV antibiotics
Protecting the airway and preventing injury is the first priority
during a seizure.
