NUR 257 Chronic Exam 3 | 45 Actual Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | 100% Correct-Galen.

NUR 257 Chronic Exam 3 | 45 Actual
Questions and Answers | 2026 Update |
100% Correct-Galen.


NUR 257 Chronic Exam 3 | 45 Actual Questions and Answers
Latest 2025/2026 Update | 100% Correct – Galen
Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders
Question 1
The nurse is teaching a 75-year-old client who has diabetes mellitus about
nutrition therapy when taking antidiabetic drugs. Which of the following client
statements indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will eat the same amount and quality of food every day."
B. "Eating meals and snacks at the same time every day is important."
C. "I should stick to the food allowed on my diet except for special occasions."
D. "I will consult with a dietician for meal planning and preparation."
Correct Answer =: C. "I should stick to the food allowed on my diet except for
special occasions."
Rationale: Clients with diabetes need to maintain consistent carbohydrate intake
daily to match their medication regimen. Deviating from the meal plan "except for
special occasions" indicates misunderstanding of the need for consistent dietary
management .


Question 2
The home health nurse is caring for an 85-year-old client who is newly diagnosed
with diabetes mellitus (type 2) and has been prescribed metformin. The client still

,has questions regarding diet and exercise. Which of the following actions by the
nurse is priority?
A. Contact the PCP regarding the most recent orders.
B. Perform assessment and answer all client questions.
C. Perform assessment and document all findings.
D. Contact the dietician and PT regarding orders.
Correct Answer =: B. Perform assessment and answer all client questions.
Rationale: The priority action for the nurse is to address the client's immediate
concerns and questions about their new diagnosis and treatment plan. This
promotes understanding and adherence .


Question 3
The nurse is providing care for an older adult client who is suspected of having
diabetes mellitus (type 2). The nurse is aware that which of the following is often
the cause of a delayed diagnosis in the older adult population?
A. There are usually few, if any, symptoms until severe organ damage has been
done.
B. Older adults tend to avoid complaining of not feeling well due to fear of the
unknown.
C. The PCP hesitates to make the diagnosis to preserve quality of life.
D. The symptoms come on so quickly that other body systems are focused on
first.
Correct Answer =: A. There are usually few, if any, symptoms until severe organ
damage has been done.
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes in older adults often develops insidiously with minimal
symptoms until significant complications have occurred, leading to delayed
diagnosis .


Question 4
The nurse is preparing a care plan for an older adult who has diabetes mellitus

,(type 2). Which interventions from the box below should the nurse include in the
plan?
1. Teach to prevent hypoglycemia.
2. Emphasize the role of physical exercise.
3. Review the manifestations of complications.
4. Stress the importance of avoiding carbohydrates.
5. Instruct in self-monitoring of blood glucose levels.
A. 1, 3, 4, 5
B. 1, 2, 4, 5
C. 1, 2, 3, 5
D. 2, 3, 4, 5
Correct Answer =: C. 1, 2, 3, 5
Rationale: Teaching about preventing hypoglycemia, emphasizing exercise,
reviewing complication manifestations, and instructing on self-monitoring are all
appropriate. "Avoiding carbohydrates" is incorrect because carbohydrates are
essential and should be managed, not avoided .


Question 5
The nurse is caring for a 75-year-old client who has diabetes mellitus (type 2).
Which of the following actions should the nurse promote for the client to delay
the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications?
A. Prevent atherosclerosis.
B. Prevent hyperglycemia.
C. Avoid a sedentary lifestyle.
D. Maintain an ideal weight.
Correct Answer =: B. Prevent hyperglycemia.
Rationale: Strict glycemic control (preventing hyperglycemia) is the primary
intervention to delay both microvascular and macrovascular complications in
diabetes .

, Question 6
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who has diabetes mellitus (type
2) regarding proper foot care. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include in the plan?
A. Purchase footwear one size bigger to provide room for toes.
B. Make sure footwear fits well and has even wear patterns.
C. Use powder to dry moist areas between the toes.
D. Soak feet daily to keep them clean.
Correct Answer =: B. Make sure footwear fits well and has even wear patterns.
Rationale: Properly fitting shoes with even wear patterns prevent pressure points
and injury. Feet should be washed but not soaked. Powders between toes can
cause caking and irritation .


Question 7
Four key considerations to the regulation of glucose metabolism include:
A. Hormonal regulation, neural regulation, exercise, and stress
B. Diet, exercise, medication, and sleep
C. Insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol
D. Glycolysis, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis
Correct Answer =: A. Hormonal regulation, neural regulation, exercise, and
stress
Rationale: Glucose metabolism is regulated by hormonal factors (insulin,
glucagon), neural influences, physical activity, and stress responses .


Question 8
Glycogenolysis is defined as:
A. The process by which glycogen is synthesized from glucose
B. The process by which glycogen is broken down into glucose