NUR 2063 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM BANK
NEWEST 2026 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 590
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) /NUR2063 FINAL STUDY GUIDE
EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+
What is a hypersensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- an overreaction to antigens
or allergens that is beyond the normal range, leading to damage
What is a type 1 hypersensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- anaphylactic. Occurs
within 2-30mins of exposure. Can be systemic or localized. Binds to IgE and mast
cells that release histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins to create
inflammation
Mediating Factor for type 1 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- IgE
Examples of type 1 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- allergic reaction to
dust. someone eats peanuts and breaks out in hives and runny nose
How do we treat type 1 hypersensitivity reactions? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔-
antihistamines to block histamine, beta adrenergics to bronchodilator ,
corticosteroids, to decrease inflammation. IgE therapy, epinephrine given during
anaphylaxis through IV or through IM in epipens
What are signs and symptoms of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✔✔- hives, runny nose, eczema, throat constriction, ,localized edema,
wheezing, tachycardia, anaphylaxis.
1|Page
,Explain Type 2 Hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- The cells attack healthy
organs and blood, causing symptoms
Mediating factor for type 2 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- cytotoxic-
IgM/ IgG
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Blood transfusions
when wrong blood given, hemolytic disease of newborn, grans disease,
myasthenia gravis
What is type 3 hypersensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- The igG antibodies are
stuck beneath the membranes of cells. Can activate immune responses that can
damage tissues. Immune complex
Mediating factor type 3 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- immune
complexes
Examples type 3 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- RA, lupus
What is type 4 hypersensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- there is a delayed cell
reaction caused by the T cells. Antigens are phagocytized and are sensitized to
receptors on the t cell. Reexposure causes the memory cells to release destructive
cytokines.
Mediating factor type 4 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- delayed cell
mediated
2|Page
,Examples type 4 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- TB test, contact
dermatitis
Characteristics of benign tumors - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Localized growth that
is curable. They more closely resemble the original tissue type, they grow slowly,
have little vascularity, rarely necrotic, and usually have similar function to the
original cells. Can be fatal depending on the location (brain, heart,etc), usually
grows at the original areas of the body. Encapsulated
Characteristics of malignant tumors - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- usually cancerous.
They ignore growth controlling signals and replicate despite signals from the
environment. They can escape signals and can die. they can also display different
functions poorly or not at all related to the tissue. Greater degree of
differentiation means that it is more aggressive. Can move around with a poor
prognosis. Anaplasia, metastasis
S/S of peptic ulcer disease - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- epigastric burning pain that is
usually relieved by food or antacids (gastric ulcers present on empty stomach but
can be after food, duodenal ulcers present 2-3 hours after food and is relieved by
food). Can also be life threatening as GI bleeding can occur without warning and
cause a drop in H/H and dark tarry stools and hematemesis
What is H.pylori? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- has a key role in promoting both
gastric and duodenal ulcer formation and thrives in acidic areas. It slows down
ulcer healing and can reoccur frequently, and taking it away can help ulcers heal
What is a functional bowel obstruction? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- problem with
the act of the bowel actually moving, such as things that inhibit movement from
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, surgery, medications, opioids, low fiber diets that can slow motility or shut off the
GI system from the SNS stimulation
What is a mechanical bowel obstruction? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- blockage of
the bowel inhibiting movement. adhesions, hernia, tumors, impacted feces,
volvus or twisting of the intestines, intussusception
adhesions - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- bands of scar tissue joining two surfaces that
are normally separated in the bowel
hernia - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Protrusion of bowel through the wall of the
cavity that normally contains it
volvus - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- twisting of the bowel
Intusseption - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- telescoping of the intestines
S/S of appendicitis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Periumbilical pain, RLQ pain,
presence of a positive McBurneys point and rebound tenderness when one
presses on the belly button and hip region and when the pressure is removed, the
client has pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, RLQ tenderness, systemic signs
of infection.
how to assess appendicitis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- McBurney's point technique
when pressing on the belly button and RLQ hip region and removing the pressure
causes intense pain, indicates positive appendicitis. Rebound tenderness= positive
4|Page
NEWEST 2026 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 590
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) /NUR2063 FINAL STUDY GUIDE
EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+
What is a hypersensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- an overreaction to antigens
or allergens that is beyond the normal range, leading to damage
What is a type 1 hypersensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- anaphylactic. Occurs
within 2-30mins of exposure. Can be systemic or localized. Binds to IgE and mast
cells that release histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins to create
inflammation
Mediating Factor for type 1 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- IgE
Examples of type 1 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- allergic reaction to
dust. someone eats peanuts and breaks out in hives and runny nose
How do we treat type 1 hypersensitivity reactions? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔-
antihistamines to block histamine, beta adrenergics to bronchodilator ,
corticosteroids, to decrease inflammation. IgE therapy, epinephrine given during
anaphylaxis through IV or through IM in epipens
What are signs and symptoms of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✔✔- hives, runny nose, eczema, throat constriction, ,localized edema,
wheezing, tachycardia, anaphylaxis.
1|Page
,Explain Type 2 Hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- The cells attack healthy
organs and blood, causing symptoms
Mediating factor for type 2 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- cytotoxic-
IgM/ IgG
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Blood transfusions
when wrong blood given, hemolytic disease of newborn, grans disease,
myasthenia gravis
What is type 3 hypersensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- The igG antibodies are
stuck beneath the membranes of cells. Can activate immune responses that can
damage tissues. Immune complex
Mediating factor type 3 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- immune
complexes
Examples type 3 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- RA, lupus
What is type 4 hypersensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- there is a delayed cell
reaction caused by the T cells. Antigens are phagocytized and are sensitized to
receptors on the t cell. Reexposure causes the memory cells to release destructive
cytokines.
Mediating factor type 4 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- delayed cell
mediated
2|Page
,Examples type 4 hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- TB test, contact
dermatitis
Characteristics of benign tumors - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Localized growth that
is curable. They more closely resemble the original tissue type, they grow slowly,
have little vascularity, rarely necrotic, and usually have similar function to the
original cells. Can be fatal depending on the location (brain, heart,etc), usually
grows at the original areas of the body. Encapsulated
Characteristics of malignant tumors - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- usually cancerous.
They ignore growth controlling signals and replicate despite signals from the
environment. They can escape signals and can die. they can also display different
functions poorly or not at all related to the tissue. Greater degree of
differentiation means that it is more aggressive. Can move around with a poor
prognosis. Anaplasia, metastasis
S/S of peptic ulcer disease - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- epigastric burning pain that is
usually relieved by food or antacids (gastric ulcers present on empty stomach but
can be after food, duodenal ulcers present 2-3 hours after food and is relieved by
food). Can also be life threatening as GI bleeding can occur without warning and
cause a drop in H/H and dark tarry stools and hematemesis
What is H.pylori? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- has a key role in promoting both
gastric and duodenal ulcer formation and thrives in acidic areas. It slows down
ulcer healing and can reoccur frequently, and taking it away can help ulcers heal
What is a functional bowel obstruction? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- problem with
the act of the bowel actually moving, such as things that inhibit movement from
3|Page
, surgery, medications, opioids, low fiber diets that can slow motility or shut off the
GI system from the SNS stimulation
What is a mechanical bowel obstruction? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- blockage of
the bowel inhibiting movement. adhesions, hernia, tumors, impacted feces,
volvus or twisting of the intestines, intussusception
adhesions - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- bands of scar tissue joining two surfaces that
are normally separated in the bowel
hernia - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Protrusion of bowel through the wall of the
cavity that normally contains it
volvus - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- twisting of the bowel
Intusseption - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- telescoping of the intestines
S/S of appendicitis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Periumbilical pain, RLQ pain,
presence of a positive McBurneys point and rebound tenderness when one
presses on the belly button and hip region and when the pressure is removed, the
client has pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, RLQ tenderness, systemic signs
of infection.
how to assess appendicitis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- McBurney's point technique
when pressing on the belly button and RLQ hip region and removing the pressure
causes intense pain, indicates positive appendicitis. Rebound tenderness= positive
4|Page
