Industrial Psychology Exam 1 with
Accurate Solutions
Industrial-Organizational Psychology - ANSWER-The application of psychological
principles, theory, and research to the work setting.
Society for Industrial-Organizational Psychology - ANSWER-An association to which
many I-O psychologists, both practitioners and researchers, belong.
Personnel psychology - ANSWER-Field of psychology that addresses issues such as
recruitment, selection, training, performance appraisal, promotion, transfer, and
termination.
Human resources management (HRM) - ANSWER-Practices such as recruitment,
selection, retention, training, and development of people (human resources) in order to
achieve individual and organizational goals.
Organizational psychology - ANSWER-Field of psychology that combines research from
social psychology and organizational behavior and addresses the emotional and
motivational side of work.
Human engineering or human factors psychology - ANSWER-The study of the
capacities and limitations of humans with respect to a particular environment.
Scientist-practitioner model - ANSWER-A model that uses scientific tools and research
in the practice of I-O psychology.
Disinterestedness - ANSWER-Characteristic of scientists, who should be objective and
uninfluenced by biases or prejudices when conducting research
Expert witness - ANSWER-Witness in a lawsuit who is permitted to voice opinions about
organizational practices
Research Design - ANSWER-Provides the overall structure or architecture for the
research study; allows investigators to conduct scientific research on a phenomenon of
interest
Experimental design - ANSWER-Participants are randomly assigned to different
conditions
, Quasi-experimental design - ANSWER-Participants are assigned to different conditions,
but random assignment to conditions is not possible.
Non-experimental design - ANSWER-Does not include any "treatment" or assignment to
different conditions
Observational design - ANSWER-The researcher observes employee behavior and
systematically records what is observed.
Survey Design - ANSWER-Research strategy in which participants are asked to
complete a questionnaire or survey.
Quantitative methods - ANSWER-Rely on tests, rating scales, questionnaires, and
physiological measures and yield numerical results
Qualitative methods - ANSWER-Rely on observations, interviews, case studies, and
analysis of diaries or written documents and produce flow diagrams and narrative
descriptions of events or processes.
Introspection - ANSWER-Early scientific method in which the participant was also the
experimenter, recording his or her experiences in completing an experimental task;
considered very subjective by modern standards
Traingulation - ANSWER-Approach in which researchers seek converging information
from different sources
Generalize - ANSWER-To apply the results from one study or sample to other
participants or situations.
Experimental control - ANSWER-characteristic of research in which possible
confounding influences that might make results less reliable or harder to interpret are
eliminated; often easier to establish in laboratory studies than in field studies
Statistical control - ANSWER-Using statistical techniques to control for the influence of
certain variables. Such control allows researchers to concentrate exclusively on the
primary relationships of interest.
Descriptive statistics - ANSWER-Statistics that summarize, organize, and describe a
sample of data
Measure of central tendency - ANSWER-Statistic that indicates where the center of a
distribution is located. Mean, medium, and mode are measures of this.
Variability - ANSWER-The extent to which scores in a distribution vary.
Accurate Solutions
Industrial-Organizational Psychology - ANSWER-The application of psychological
principles, theory, and research to the work setting.
Society for Industrial-Organizational Psychology - ANSWER-An association to which
many I-O psychologists, both practitioners and researchers, belong.
Personnel psychology - ANSWER-Field of psychology that addresses issues such as
recruitment, selection, training, performance appraisal, promotion, transfer, and
termination.
Human resources management (HRM) - ANSWER-Practices such as recruitment,
selection, retention, training, and development of people (human resources) in order to
achieve individual and organizational goals.
Organizational psychology - ANSWER-Field of psychology that combines research from
social psychology and organizational behavior and addresses the emotional and
motivational side of work.
Human engineering or human factors psychology - ANSWER-The study of the
capacities and limitations of humans with respect to a particular environment.
Scientist-practitioner model - ANSWER-A model that uses scientific tools and research
in the practice of I-O psychology.
Disinterestedness - ANSWER-Characteristic of scientists, who should be objective and
uninfluenced by biases or prejudices when conducting research
Expert witness - ANSWER-Witness in a lawsuit who is permitted to voice opinions about
organizational practices
Research Design - ANSWER-Provides the overall structure or architecture for the
research study; allows investigators to conduct scientific research on a phenomenon of
interest
Experimental design - ANSWER-Participants are randomly assigned to different
conditions
, Quasi-experimental design - ANSWER-Participants are assigned to different conditions,
but random assignment to conditions is not possible.
Non-experimental design - ANSWER-Does not include any "treatment" or assignment to
different conditions
Observational design - ANSWER-The researcher observes employee behavior and
systematically records what is observed.
Survey Design - ANSWER-Research strategy in which participants are asked to
complete a questionnaire or survey.
Quantitative methods - ANSWER-Rely on tests, rating scales, questionnaires, and
physiological measures and yield numerical results
Qualitative methods - ANSWER-Rely on observations, interviews, case studies, and
analysis of diaries or written documents and produce flow diagrams and narrative
descriptions of events or processes.
Introspection - ANSWER-Early scientific method in which the participant was also the
experimenter, recording his or her experiences in completing an experimental task;
considered very subjective by modern standards
Traingulation - ANSWER-Approach in which researchers seek converging information
from different sources
Generalize - ANSWER-To apply the results from one study or sample to other
participants or situations.
Experimental control - ANSWER-characteristic of research in which possible
confounding influences that might make results less reliable or harder to interpret are
eliminated; often easier to establish in laboratory studies than in field studies
Statistical control - ANSWER-Using statistical techniques to control for the influence of
certain variables. Such control allows researchers to concentrate exclusively on the
primary relationships of interest.
Descriptive statistics - ANSWER-Statistics that summarize, organize, and describe a
sample of data
Measure of central tendency - ANSWER-Statistic that indicates where the center of a
distribution is located. Mean, medium, and mode are measures of this.
Variability - ANSWER-The extent to which scores in a distribution vary.
