NSG 320 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
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Chapter 2 Ans✓✓✓Chapter 2
What is the ethical principle of Respect for Persons? Ans✓✓✓- right to
self determination (health care decisions)
- autonomy to make own decision regardless of others' opinions
- informed consent
What is the ethical principle of Beneficence? Ans✓✓✓- do things for
good
- risk vs benefit ratio
- benefits should outweigh risks
What is the ethical principle of Justice? Ans✓✓✓- everyone has a
chance to be included (in a study)
- gender, race, age, economic status, etc.
- experimental drugs- everyone has a chance to try
What is the purpose of drug regulations? Ans✓✓✓to ensure safety,
efficacy, equality, fairness, etc.
Chapter 3 Ans✓✓✓Chapter 3
,Which form of oral medication ensures rapid drug action?
Ans✓✓✓liquid (solution, exiler)
What is the significance of protein binding? Ans✓✓✓- med will join
with protein
- anything bound to protein is inactive
- anything NOT bound to protein is ACTIVE
- if you do not have enough serum protein, you will have increased med
effects (there is not enough protein for med to bind to = more free med)
For which effect do we monitor a patient with a history of liver disease?
Ans✓✓✓- cannot metabolize med as well
- med will be in body longer (increased duration)
- med dosage will have to be decreased to compensate
End-stage renal disease: what is the effect on drug levels? Ans✓✓✓-
when renal function is decreased, drug will not be eliminated well
- leads to increased serum drug levels
To what is the interval of drug dosage related? Ans✓✓✓half-life of the
med
,What is the effect of enteric coating on pills? Ans✓✓✓- used for drugs
that break-down in stomach that irritate the stomach
- the enteric coating is a delayed-release med; it will not be broken-down
until it is in the intestines
- do NOT cut/crush med
What is % of administered drug dose that reaches systemic circulation?
Ans✓✓✓bioavailability
best bioavailability med forms Ans✓✓✓1. IV
2. IM
3. SubQ
What is the significance of a narrow therapeutic index? Ans✓✓✓-
therapeutic level is very close to toxic level
- drug monitoring (monitor serum drug levels, peak, and trough)
- check trough level before administering next dose
What is half-life? Ans✓✓✓when 50% of drug is eliminated from body
800 mg of a drug with 8-hour half life: How much left after 24 hours if
no additional drug is given? Ans✓✓✓100 mg
Chapter 15 Ans✓✓✓Chapter 15
, Stimulation of the adrenergic system results in which effects? Ans✓✓✓-
fight vs flight response
- increase: HR, BP, blood glucose, renin release by Beta 1 receptor
- bronchodilation
- pupillary dialtion
What are the effects of epinephrine? Ans✓✓✓- nonselective adrenergic
agonist
- alpha 1 (vasoconstriction)
- beta 1 (increased renin release)
- beta 2 (bronchodilation, increases glucose)
What is the effect of clonidine? Ans✓✓✓- alpha 2 agonist
- inhibits norepinephrine
- vasodilation
What are the effects of albuterol? Ans✓✓✓- beta 2 agonist
- bronchodilation
- elevated blood sugar
What is the antidote to infiltrated IV adrenergic agonists?
Ans✓✓✓phentolamine (Regitine)
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
Chapter 2 Ans✓✓✓Chapter 2
What is the ethical principle of Respect for Persons? Ans✓✓✓- right to
self determination (health care decisions)
- autonomy to make own decision regardless of others' opinions
- informed consent
What is the ethical principle of Beneficence? Ans✓✓✓- do things for
good
- risk vs benefit ratio
- benefits should outweigh risks
What is the ethical principle of Justice? Ans✓✓✓- everyone has a
chance to be included (in a study)
- gender, race, age, economic status, etc.
- experimental drugs- everyone has a chance to try
What is the purpose of drug regulations? Ans✓✓✓to ensure safety,
efficacy, equality, fairness, etc.
Chapter 3 Ans✓✓✓Chapter 3
,Which form of oral medication ensures rapid drug action?
Ans✓✓✓liquid (solution, exiler)
What is the significance of protein binding? Ans✓✓✓- med will join
with protein
- anything bound to protein is inactive
- anything NOT bound to protein is ACTIVE
- if you do not have enough serum protein, you will have increased med
effects (there is not enough protein for med to bind to = more free med)
For which effect do we monitor a patient with a history of liver disease?
Ans✓✓✓- cannot metabolize med as well
- med will be in body longer (increased duration)
- med dosage will have to be decreased to compensate
End-stage renal disease: what is the effect on drug levels? Ans✓✓✓-
when renal function is decreased, drug will not be eliminated well
- leads to increased serum drug levels
To what is the interval of drug dosage related? Ans✓✓✓half-life of the
med
,What is the effect of enteric coating on pills? Ans✓✓✓- used for drugs
that break-down in stomach that irritate the stomach
- the enteric coating is a delayed-release med; it will not be broken-down
until it is in the intestines
- do NOT cut/crush med
What is % of administered drug dose that reaches systemic circulation?
Ans✓✓✓bioavailability
best bioavailability med forms Ans✓✓✓1. IV
2. IM
3. SubQ
What is the significance of a narrow therapeutic index? Ans✓✓✓-
therapeutic level is very close to toxic level
- drug monitoring (monitor serum drug levels, peak, and trough)
- check trough level before administering next dose
What is half-life? Ans✓✓✓when 50% of drug is eliminated from body
800 mg of a drug with 8-hour half life: How much left after 24 hours if
no additional drug is given? Ans✓✓✓100 mg
Chapter 15 Ans✓✓✓Chapter 15
, Stimulation of the adrenergic system results in which effects? Ans✓✓✓-
fight vs flight response
- increase: HR, BP, blood glucose, renin release by Beta 1 receptor
- bronchodilation
- pupillary dialtion
What are the effects of epinephrine? Ans✓✓✓- nonselective adrenergic
agonist
- alpha 1 (vasoconstriction)
- beta 1 (increased renin release)
- beta 2 (bronchodilation, increases glucose)
What is the effect of clonidine? Ans✓✓✓- alpha 2 agonist
- inhibits norepinephrine
- vasodilation
What are the effects of albuterol? Ans✓✓✓- beta 2 agonist
- bronchodilation
- elevated blood sugar
What is the antidote to infiltrated IV adrenergic agonists?
Ans✓✓✓phentolamine (Regitine)
