APEA BUNDLED EXAMS ACTUAL TEST
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ Most common type of skin cancer. Answer: basal cell carcinoma
⩥ basal cell carcinoma symptoms. Answer: Appearance varies; smooth,
shiny bump, pink to pearly white
⩥ Basal cell carcinoma common locations. Answer: cheeks, nose, face,
neck, arms, back
⩥ basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard. Answer: biopsy. if not
an option, refer to derm
⩥ Actinic keratosis. Answer: Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas
⩥ Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard. Answer: Biopsy.
if not an option, refer to derm
,⩥ Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard. Answer: small- cryotherapy
large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes
skin to ooze, crust, scab and be red
**5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!**
⩥ squamous cell cancer. Answer: chronic red scaly rough textured lesion
w/ irregular borders
crusting or bleeding may be present
⩥ Squamous cell carcinoma common locations. Answer: rims of ears,
lips, nose, face and top of hands
⩥ precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer. Answer: actinic keratosis
⩥ squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by?. Answer: biopsy gold
standard. if biopsy is not an option, refer to dermatology .
⩥ Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma).
Answer: Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin,
chronic exposure to UV light (sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx
for skin cancer
⩥ Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE). Answer: asymmetry (shape/uneven
texture)
,border (irregular/notched/blurred)
color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light brown)
diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger)
evolving (changes in color/size/shape)
may be itchy
⩥ Acral lengtiginous melanoma. Answer: Most common type of
melanoma in dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
--> look for longitudinal brown to black bands under the nailbed. a
changing spot or mole in the palms, or the soles of the feet
⩥ seborrheic keratosis. Answer: soft, round, wart-like growth that is
light tan to black and looks pasted on
asymptomatic &benign
⩥ Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria. Answer: Streptococcus pneumoniae-
most common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
*others
⩥ Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic Triad). Answer: High fever
, Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status w/ headache
Triad=neck up
erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae) ecchymosis to purple-colored
lesions (purpura) which are non-blanchable
⩥ Is bacterial meningitis a reportable disease. Answer: yes!
⩥ Treatment for Bacterial meningitis-patient. Answer: IV Abx ASAP,
resp/droplet iso for first 24-48 hrs, hydrate (low maintenance after initial
fluid correction), Maintain ventilation and reduce increased intra cranial
pressure if present (dexamethosone(to reduce inflammation, mannitol to
diurese the brain), low stim environment, tx complications that may
arrive and support family
⩥ Treatment for bacterial meningitis-close encounter. Answer: Close
contacts should be treated w/ rifampin 600 mg q 12 hours x 2 days
**Rifampin changes urine color to reddish orange and can stain contacts
**AVOID RIFAMPIN IN PREGNANCY
⩥ Brudzinkski sign (meningeal irritation). Answer: Tests for meningeal
irritation
Patient supine, raise BACK of head and flex chin towards chest
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ Most common type of skin cancer. Answer: basal cell carcinoma
⩥ basal cell carcinoma symptoms. Answer: Appearance varies; smooth,
shiny bump, pink to pearly white
⩥ Basal cell carcinoma common locations. Answer: cheeks, nose, face,
neck, arms, back
⩥ basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard. Answer: biopsy. if not
an option, refer to derm
⩥ Actinic keratosis. Answer: Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas
⩥ Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard. Answer: Biopsy.
if not an option, refer to derm
,⩥ Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard. Answer: small- cryotherapy
large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes
skin to ooze, crust, scab and be red
**5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!**
⩥ squamous cell cancer. Answer: chronic red scaly rough textured lesion
w/ irregular borders
crusting or bleeding may be present
⩥ Squamous cell carcinoma common locations. Answer: rims of ears,
lips, nose, face and top of hands
⩥ precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer. Answer: actinic keratosis
⩥ squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by?. Answer: biopsy gold
standard. if biopsy is not an option, refer to dermatology .
⩥ Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma).
Answer: Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin,
chronic exposure to UV light (sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx
for skin cancer
⩥ Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE). Answer: asymmetry (shape/uneven
texture)
,border (irregular/notched/blurred)
color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light brown)
diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger)
evolving (changes in color/size/shape)
may be itchy
⩥ Acral lengtiginous melanoma. Answer: Most common type of
melanoma in dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
--> look for longitudinal brown to black bands under the nailbed. a
changing spot or mole in the palms, or the soles of the feet
⩥ seborrheic keratosis. Answer: soft, round, wart-like growth that is
light tan to black and looks pasted on
asymptomatic &benign
⩥ Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria. Answer: Streptococcus pneumoniae-
most common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
*others
⩥ Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic Triad). Answer: High fever
, Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status w/ headache
Triad=neck up
erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae) ecchymosis to purple-colored
lesions (purpura) which are non-blanchable
⩥ Is bacterial meningitis a reportable disease. Answer: yes!
⩥ Treatment for Bacterial meningitis-patient. Answer: IV Abx ASAP,
resp/droplet iso for first 24-48 hrs, hydrate (low maintenance after initial
fluid correction), Maintain ventilation and reduce increased intra cranial
pressure if present (dexamethosone(to reduce inflammation, mannitol to
diurese the brain), low stim environment, tx complications that may
arrive and support family
⩥ Treatment for bacterial meningitis-close encounter. Answer: Close
contacts should be treated w/ rifampin 600 mg q 12 hours x 2 days
**Rifampin changes urine color to reddish orange and can stain contacts
**AVOID RIFAMPIN IN PREGNANCY
⩥ Brudzinkski sign (meningeal irritation). Answer: Tests for meningeal
irritation
Patient supine, raise BACK of head and flex chin towards chest
