MASTER EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE
IN NURSING 200 NCLEX-STYLE
QUESTIONS & RATIONALES (MELNYK
5TH EDITION)
Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare – Practice
Questions (Melnyk, 5th Ed.)
Question 1
What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice (EBP)
in nursing?
A. To follow traditional practices only
B. To prioritize intuition over research
C. To integrate clinical expertise with best available research
evidence and patient preferences
D. To rely solely on textbooks
Answer: C. To integrate clinical expertise with best available
research evidence and patient preferences
Rationale: EBP combines research, clinical skills, and patient values for
optimal outcomes.
Question 2
Which of the following is an example of a quantitative research
study?
A. Narrative analysis of patient experiences
B. Case study of a nurse’s reflection
C. Randomized controlled trial measuring blood pressure
changes
D. Ethnographic study of hospital culture
Answer: C. Randomized controlled trial measuring blood
pressure changes
,Rationale: Quantitative research involves numerical data and
statistical analysis.
Question 3
Which level of evidence is considered highest in the hierarchy?
A. Expert opinion
B. Case reports
C. Cohort studies
D. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs
Answer: D. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs
Rationale: Synthesized results from multiple high-quality studies
provide the strongest evidence.
Question 4
What is a barrier to implementing EBP in clinical practice?
A. Organizational support
B. Access to journals
C. Resistance to change among staff
D. Continuing education
Answer: C. Resistance to change among staff
Rationale: Staff reluctance can prevent evidence-based interventions
from being adopted.
Question 5
Which is the first step in the EBP process?
A. Evaluate outcomes
B. Implement intervention
C. Ask a clinical question (PICO format)
D. Collect data
Answer: C. Ask a clinical question (PICO format)
Rationale: A well-constructed question guides evidence search and
clinical decision-making.
,Question 6
In the PICO framework, what does the “I” stand for?
A. Intervention
B. Incidence
C. Interest (or Intervention)
D. Individual
Answer: C. Interest (or Intervention)
Rationale: “I” identifies the treatment, therapy, or action being
considered.
Question 7
Which type of study is prospective and follows participants over
time?
A. Cross-sectional
B. Case report
C. Cohort study
D. Meta-analysis
Answer: C. Cohort study
Rationale: Cohort studies track groups to observe outcomes related to
exposures.
Question 8
Which is a quantitative data collection method in nursing
research?
A. Focus groups
B. Surveys with Likert scales
C. Observation journals
D. Patient interviews
Answer: B. Surveys with Likert scales
Rationale: Likert-scale surveys generate numeric data suitable for
statistical analysis.
, Question 9
Which is a qualitative research approach?
A. Randomized controlled trial
B. Meta-analysis
C. Phenomenology
D. Cohort study
Answer: C. Phenomenology
Rationale: Phenomenology explores individuals’ lived experiences and
perceptions.
Question 10
Which is an example of integrating patient preferences in EBP?
A. Following hospital policy exclusively
B. Using only textbook guidelines
C. Discussing treatment options and respecting patient choices
D. Ignoring patient input
Answer: C. Discussing treatment options and respecting
patient choices
Rationale: EBP values the patient’s perspective alongside research
evidence.
Question 11
Which statement about clinical guidelines is true?
A. They are always mandatory
B. They replace clinical judgment
C. They provide recommendations based on best available
evidence
D. They are based only on expert opinion
Answer: C. They provide recommendations based on best
available evidence
IN NURSING 200 NCLEX-STYLE
QUESTIONS & RATIONALES (MELNYK
5TH EDITION)
Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare – Practice
Questions (Melnyk, 5th Ed.)
Question 1
What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice (EBP)
in nursing?
A. To follow traditional practices only
B. To prioritize intuition over research
C. To integrate clinical expertise with best available research
evidence and patient preferences
D. To rely solely on textbooks
Answer: C. To integrate clinical expertise with best available
research evidence and patient preferences
Rationale: EBP combines research, clinical skills, and patient values for
optimal outcomes.
Question 2
Which of the following is an example of a quantitative research
study?
A. Narrative analysis of patient experiences
B. Case study of a nurse’s reflection
C. Randomized controlled trial measuring blood pressure
changes
D. Ethnographic study of hospital culture
Answer: C. Randomized controlled trial measuring blood
pressure changes
,Rationale: Quantitative research involves numerical data and
statistical analysis.
Question 3
Which level of evidence is considered highest in the hierarchy?
A. Expert opinion
B. Case reports
C. Cohort studies
D. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs
Answer: D. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs
Rationale: Synthesized results from multiple high-quality studies
provide the strongest evidence.
Question 4
What is a barrier to implementing EBP in clinical practice?
A. Organizational support
B. Access to journals
C. Resistance to change among staff
D. Continuing education
Answer: C. Resistance to change among staff
Rationale: Staff reluctance can prevent evidence-based interventions
from being adopted.
Question 5
Which is the first step in the EBP process?
A. Evaluate outcomes
B. Implement intervention
C. Ask a clinical question (PICO format)
D. Collect data
Answer: C. Ask a clinical question (PICO format)
Rationale: A well-constructed question guides evidence search and
clinical decision-making.
,Question 6
In the PICO framework, what does the “I” stand for?
A. Intervention
B. Incidence
C. Interest (or Intervention)
D. Individual
Answer: C. Interest (or Intervention)
Rationale: “I” identifies the treatment, therapy, or action being
considered.
Question 7
Which type of study is prospective and follows participants over
time?
A. Cross-sectional
B. Case report
C. Cohort study
D. Meta-analysis
Answer: C. Cohort study
Rationale: Cohort studies track groups to observe outcomes related to
exposures.
Question 8
Which is a quantitative data collection method in nursing
research?
A. Focus groups
B. Surveys with Likert scales
C. Observation journals
D. Patient interviews
Answer: B. Surveys with Likert scales
Rationale: Likert-scale surveys generate numeric data suitable for
statistical analysis.
, Question 9
Which is a qualitative research approach?
A. Randomized controlled trial
B. Meta-analysis
C. Phenomenology
D. Cohort study
Answer: C. Phenomenology
Rationale: Phenomenology explores individuals’ lived experiences and
perceptions.
Question 10
Which is an example of integrating patient preferences in EBP?
A. Following hospital policy exclusively
B. Using only textbook guidelines
C. Discussing treatment options and respecting patient choices
D. Ignoring patient input
Answer: C. Discussing treatment options and respecting
patient choices
Rationale: EBP values the patient’s perspective alongside research
evidence.
Question 11
Which statement about clinical guidelines is true?
A. They are always mandatory
B. They replace clinical judgment
C. They provide recommendations based on best available
evidence
D. They are based only on expert opinion
Answer: C. They provide recommendations based on best
available evidence
