SCI 225 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◉ Adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: (NC) Answer: protect
the cells from injury
◉ The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that
leads to progressve dementia in middle to later adulthood. To which
disease is the nurse most likely referring to? (NC) Answer:
Huntington Disease
◉ The triplet of base pairs necessary to code for a specific amino
acid is called a? (NC) Answer: Codon
◉ The outward manifestation of a disease, often influenced by both
genes and the environment, is called the disease? (NC) Answer:
Phenotype
◉ The condition that occurs when a zygot is missing in each cell is
referred to as? (NC) Answer: monosomy
,◉ The process by which RNA is formed from DNA for protein
synthesis is? (NC) Answer: Transcription
◉ The somatic cell that contians a multiple of 23 chromosomes is
called? (NC) Answer: euploid cell
◉ Which is the chief function of ribosomes? (NC) Answer: protein
synthesis
◉ A disease results in the accumulation of lipids in the nerve cells of
the brain is? (NC) Answer: Tay-Sachs Disease
◉ Cellular Atrophy: (NC) ** Answer: a decrease in cell size
◉ The process by which cells program themselves to die? (NC) **
Answer: Apoptosis
◉ Which causes metaplasia in humans? (NC) Answer: cell injury
from noxious stimuli
◉ The postmortem decrease in a patient's body temperature will be
documented as? (NC) Answer: Algor Mortis
, ◉ Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal changes in? (NC) Answer:
Cell secretions
◉ Clastogens are agents that cause? (NC) Answer: Chromosomal
breakage
◉ Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol
(ethanol) injury? (NC) Answer: Liver
◉ The nurse documents "tattoing and stippling" in a trauma patient.
Which type of injury does this patient have? (NC) Answer: Gunshot
wounds
◉ When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap),
which medical term should the nurse document on the chart? (NC)
Answer: An Avulsion
◉ A patient with a combined immune deficieny lacks: (NC) Answer:
T and B lympocytes
◉ When assessing a patient with SLE, you should expect to identify?
(NC) Answer: Arthralgia, anemia, and rash
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◉ Adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: (NC) Answer: protect
the cells from injury
◉ The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that
leads to progressve dementia in middle to later adulthood. To which
disease is the nurse most likely referring to? (NC) Answer:
Huntington Disease
◉ The triplet of base pairs necessary to code for a specific amino
acid is called a? (NC) Answer: Codon
◉ The outward manifestation of a disease, often influenced by both
genes and the environment, is called the disease? (NC) Answer:
Phenotype
◉ The condition that occurs when a zygot is missing in each cell is
referred to as? (NC) Answer: monosomy
,◉ The process by which RNA is formed from DNA for protein
synthesis is? (NC) Answer: Transcription
◉ The somatic cell that contians a multiple of 23 chromosomes is
called? (NC) Answer: euploid cell
◉ Which is the chief function of ribosomes? (NC) Answer: protein
synthesis
◉ A disease results in the accumulation of lipids in the nerve cells of
the brain is? (NC) Answer: Tay-Sachs Disease
◉ Cellular Atrophy: (NC) ** Answer: a decrease in cell size
◉ The process by which cells program themselves to die? (NC) **
Answer: Apoptosis
◉ Which causes metaplasia in humans? (NC) Answer: cell injury
from noxious stimuli
◉ The postmortem decrease in a patient's body temperature will be
documented as? (NC) Answer: Algor Mortis
, ◉ Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal changes in? (NC) Answer:
Cell secretions
◉ Clastogens are agents that cause? (NC) Answer: Chromosomal
breakage
◉ Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol
(ethanol) injury? (NC) Answer: Liver
◉ The nurse documents "tattoing and stippling" in a trauma patient.
Which type of injury does this patient have? (NC) Answer: Gunshot
wounds
◉ When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap),
which medical term should the nurse document on the chart? (NC)
Answer: An Avulsion
◉ A patient with a combined immune deficieny lacks: (NC) Answer:
T and B lympocytes
◉ When assessing a patient with SLE, you should expect to identify?
(NC) Answer: Arthralgia, anemia, and rash
