EPALS Exam | Complete Study Guide with
Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A+
• Paediatric airway differences ✓✓- airway proportionately narrower
- head larger so flexes on the neck and can cause partial obstruction
- small mouth but large tongue
- preferential nasal breather up to 6 months
- higher larynx (creates sharp angle)
• Paediatric breathing differences ✓✓- small resting lung volume so low
o2 reserve
- relies on diaphragm more than muscles
• Paediatric circulation differences ✓✓Circulating vol newborn = 80 ml/
kg
Decreases to around 60-70ml/kg in adulthood
MAP more accurate than systolic BP
• Strider ✓✓upper airway narrowing or obstruction, loud-high pitched
breath sound
, • Wheezing ✓✓A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most
prominent on expiration, and which suggests an obstruction or
narrowing of the lower airways; occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis.
• grunting ✓✓An "uh" sound heard during exhalation; reflects the child's
attempt to keep the alveoli open; a sign of increased work of breathing.
• 5 categories of shock ✓✓- Hypovolemic
- Cardiogenic
- Distributive
- Obstructive
- Dissociative
• distributive shock ✓✓Inadequate distribution of blood, flow
insufficient for the demand of the tissues. Eg - anaphylaxis, sepsis
• Obstructive shock ✓✓Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood
flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to
the body's tissues. Eg cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax
• Dissociative shock ✓✓Something that does not allow O2 to reach the
cells. Eg: CO posioning and anaemia
• Cardiac output ✓✓heart rate x stroke volume
Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A+
• Paediatric airway differences ✓✓- airway proportionately narrower
- head larger so flexes on the neck and can cause partial obstruction
- small mouth but large tongue
- preferential nasal breather up to 6 months
- higher larynx (creates sharp angle)
• Paediatric breathing differences ✓✓- small resting lung volume so low
o2 reserve
- relies on diaphragm more than muscles
• Paediatric circulation differences ✓✓Circulating vol newborn = 80 ml/
kg
Decreases to around 60-70ml/kg in adulthood
MAP more accurate than systolic BP
• Strider ✓✓upper airway narrowing or obstruction, loud-high pitched
breath sound
, • Wheezing ✓✓A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most
prominent on expiration, and which suggests an obstruction or
narrowing of the lower airways; occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis.
• grunting ✓✓An "uh" sound heard during exhalation; reflects the child's
attempt to keep the alveoli open; a sign of increased work of breathing.
• 5 categories of shock ✓✓- Hypovolemic
- Cardiogenic
- Distributive
- Obstructive
- Dissociative
• distributive shock ✓✓Inadequate distribution of blood, flow
insufficient for the demand of the tissues. Eg - anaphylaxis, sepsis
• Obstructive shock ✓✓Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood
flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to
the body's tissues. Eg cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax
• Dissociative shock ✓✓Something that does not allow O2 to reach the
cells. Eg: CO posioning and anaemia
• Cardiac output ✓✓heart rate x stroke volume
