D664 LEARNERS AND LEARNING SCIENCE
EXAM QUESTIONS 2025/2026 WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ <RECENT VERSION>
Neuroscience - ANSWER The study of the brain and nervous system
Cognition - ANSWER Thinking activities such as remembering, understanding,
problem-solving, and decision-making, including how people get, use, and store
information in their minds
Students are more motivated to learn when they are interested, have a sense of
autonomy, and understand the purpose behind what they are learning. -
ANSWER Motivation & Purpose
Thinking deeply about the material to be learned helps students pay attention,
build memories, and make sense of what they are learning. - ANSWER Deep
Thinking (Encoding)
Learning involves effort, mistakes, reflection, and refinement of strategies. -
ANSWER Learning as a Process
Students' physical health—including nutrition, sleep, and exercise—impacts
learning. - ANSWER Physical Well-being
,The entire environment (space, temperature, lighting) can affect learning. -
ANSWER Learning Environment
Collaboration and social interaction can enhance learning by encouraging deeper
processing and engaging the 'social brain.' - ANSWER Social Interaction
Students learn best when they feel safe and connected. - ANSWER Safety &
Connection
Communicating high expectations and supporting learners at the edge of their
abilities helps them reach their potential. - ANSWER High Expectations &
Support
Spacing out learning and mixing different content improves retention and
understanding. - ANSWER Spacing & Interleaving
Practicing recalling information strengthens memory and helps students apply
what they've learned flexibly. - ANSWER Retrieval Practice
Age: 0-2; Learning through senses and movement; Object permanence develops. -
ANSWER Sensorimotor
Age: 2-7; Use of symbols (language!); Egocentrism: can't see others' perspectives;
Struggles with conservation. - ANSWER Preoperational
,Age: 7-11; Logical thinking about concrete events; Understand conservation; Can
classify and organize objects. - ANSWER Concrete Operational
Age: 12+; Abstract and hypothetical thinking; Can think about morality, algebra,
and futures. - ANSWER Formal Operational
Age: 0-1; Basic Question: 'Can I trust the world?' - ANSWER Trust vs. Mistrust
Age: 1-3; Basic Question: 'Can I do things by myself?' - ANSWER Autonomy
vs. Shame & Doubt
Age: 3-6; Basic Question: 'Is it okay to try new things?' - ANSWER Initiative
vs. Guilt
A teacher wants to use day-to-day instructional strategies that are in alignment with
constructivism. What is an example of an implementation of this theory? -
ANSWER Starting each lesson by making connections to previously learned
concepts
Which teaching strategy demonstrates the use of progressive complexity based on
Bloom's Taxonomy to help students learn about personal bias in a psychology
class? - ANSWER Students analyze how biases affect thinking after learning to
identify biases in scenarios.
cognitive rigidity - ANSWER The myth of cognitive rigidity suggests that our
cognitive abilities become rigid and fixed as we age, making it harder to learn new
things.
, Differentiated Instruction - ANSWER recognizes that every student is unique
and tailors teaching to individual needs, interests, and readiness levels
social and emotional learning SEL - ANSWER equips students with the skills
and competencies to navigate the complexities of life
The myth of the brain is a computer suggests... - ANSWER the brain works like
a machine, processing information linearly and logically. However, this
oversimplification ignores the complexity and adaptability of the human brain,
which is influenced by emotions, experiences, and connections between neurons.
Information processing theory - ANSWER includes encoding, storage, and
retrieval, further strengthening this comparison by using terminology like
computer functions. Concepts like sensory input, working memory, and long-term
memory, which are fundamental to understanding brain function, also echo the
language and processes of computer systems. However, the danger lies in going
beyond this comparison, as it oversimplifies the brain's complexity and fails to
capture its holistic nature. By recognizing the limitations of the brain-computer
comparison, we can move beyond the myth and embrace a more detailed
understanding of the brain's complex connections to the body.
The neuroscience of the embodied mind... - ANSWER explores how our bodies
and experiences shape our thoughts, emotions, and perceptions. It highlights the
interconnectedness between the brain, body, and environment, emphasizing that
cognition is not solely confined to the brain but emerges from interactions with the
world around us.
EXAM QUESTIONS 2025/2026 WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ <RECENT VERSION>
Neuroscience - ANSWER The study of the brain and nervous system
Cognition - ANSWER Thinking activities such as remembering, understanding,
problem-solving, and decision-making, including how people get, use, and store
information in their minds
Students are more motivated to learn when they are interested, have a sense of
autonomy, and understand the purpose behind what they are learning. -
ANSWER Motivation & Purpose
Thinking deeply about the material to be learned helps students pay attention,
build memories, and make sense of what they are learning. - ANSWER Deep
Thinking (Encoding)
Learning involves effort, mistakes, reflection, and refinement of strategies. -
ANSWER Learning as a Process
Students' physical health—including nutrition, sleep, and exercise—impacts
learning. - ANSWER Physical Well-being
,The entire environment (space, temperature, lighting) can affect learning. -
ANSWER Learning Environment
Collaboration and social interaction can enhance learning by encouraging deeper
processing and engaging the 'social brain.' - ANSWER Social Interaction
Students learn best when they feel safe and connected. - ANSWER Safety &
Connection
Communicating high expectations and supporting learners at the edge of their
abilities helps them reach their potential. - ANSWER High Expectations &
Support
Spacing out learning and mixing different content improves retention and
understanding. - ANSWER Spacing & Interleaving
Practicing recalling information strengthens memory and helps students apply
what they've learned flexibly. - ANSWER Retrieval Practice
Age: 0-2; Learning through senses and movement; Object permanence develops. -
ANSWER Sensorimotor
Age: 2-7; Use of symbols (language!); Egocentrism: can't see others' perspectives;
Struggles with conservation. - ANSWER Preoperational
,Age: 7-11; Logical thinking about concrete events; Understand conservation; Can
classify and organize objects. - ANSWER Concrete Operational
Age: 12+; Abstract and hypothetical thinking; Can think about morality, algebra,
and futures. - ANSWER Formal Operational
Age: 0-1; Basic Question: 'Can I trust the world?' - ANSWER Trust vs. Mistrust
Age: 1-3; Basic Question: 'Can I do things by myself?' - ANSWER Autonomy
vs. Shame & Doubt
Age: 3-6; Basic Question: 'Is it okay to try new things?' - ANSWER Initiative
vs. Guilt
A teacher wants to use day-to-day instructional strategies that are in alignment with
constructivism. What is an example of an implementation of this theory? -
ANSWER Starting each lesson by making connections to previously learned
concepts
Which teaching strategy demonstrates the use of progressive complexity based on
Bloom's Taxonomy to help students learn about personal bias in a psychology
class? - ANSWER Students analyze how biases affect thinking after learning to
identify biases in scenarios.
cognitive rigidity - ANSWER The myth of cognitive rigidity suggests that our
cognitive abilities become rigid and fixed as we age, making it harder to learn new
things.
, Differentiated Instruction - ANSWER recognizes that every student is unique
and tailors teaching to individual needs, interests, and readiness levels
social and emotional learning SEL - ANSWER equips students with the skills
and competencies to navigate the complexities of life
The myth of the brain is a computer suggests... - ANSWER the brain works like
a machine, processing information linearly and logically. However, this
oversimplification ignores the complexity and adaptability of the human brain,
which is influenced by emotions, experiences, and connections between neurons.
Information processing theory - ANSWER includes encoding, storage, and
retrieval, further strengthening this comparison by using terminology like
computer functions. Concepts like sensory input, working memory, and long-term
memory, which are fundamental to understanding brain function, also echo the
language and processes of computer systems. However, the danger lies in going
beyond this comparison, as it oversimplifies the brain's complexity and fails to
capture its holistic nature. By recognizing the limitations of the brain-computer
comparison, we can move beyond the myth and embrace a more detailed
understanding of the brain's complex connections to the body.
The neuroscience of the embodied mind... - ANSWER explores how our bodies
and experiences shape our thoughts, emotions, and perceptions. It highlights the
interconnectedness between the brain, body, and environment, emphasizing that
cognition is not solely confined to the brain but emerges from interactions with the
world around us.
