A test team consistently finds between 90% and 95% of the defects present in the system under test.
While the test manager understands that this is a good defect detection percentage for her test team
and industry, senior management and executives remain disappointed in the test group, saying that
the test team misses too many bugs. Given that the users are generally happy with the system and
that the failures which have occurred have generally been low impact, which of the following testing
principles is most likely to help the test manager explain to these managers and executives why some
defects are likely to be missed? a. Absence-of-errors fallacy b. Pesticide paradox c. Defect clustering d.
Exhaustive testing is impossible - Answers d. Exhaustive testing is impossible Which is not a testing
principle? a. Early testing b. Defect clustering c. Pesticide paradox d. Exhaustive testing - Answers d.
Exhaustive testing Which of the statements below is the best assessment of how the test principles
apply across the test life cycle? a. Test principles affect the early test activities such as review b. Test
principles only affect the preparation for testing c. Test principles affect activities throughout the test
life cycle d. Test principles only affect test execution activities. - Answers c. Test principles affect
activities throughout the test life cycle According to the ISTQB Glossary, the word 'bug' is synonymous
with which of the following words? a. Error b. Incident c. Mistake d. Defect - Answers d. Defect Which
of the following is most important to promote and maintain good relationships between testers and
developers? a. Identifying potential customer work-arounds for bugs b. Explaining test results in a
neutral fashion c. Understanding what managers value about testing d. Promoting better quality
software whenever possible - Answers b. Explaining test results in a neutral fashion A company
recently purchased a commercial off-the-shelf application to automate their bill-paying process. They
now plan to run an acceptance test against the package prior to putting it into production. Which of
the following is their most likely reason for testing? a. To detect bugs in the application b. To train the
users c. To build confidence in the application d. To gather evidence for a lawsuit - Answers c. To build
confidence in the application Ensuring that test design starts during the requirements definition phase
is important to enable which of the following test objectives? a. Preventing defects in the system b.
Gaining confidence in the system c. Finishing the project on time d. Finding defects through dynamic
testing - Answers a. Preventing defects in the system According to the ISTQB Glossary, regression
testing is required for what purpose? a. To prevent a task from being incorrectly considered
completed b. To verify the success of corrective actions c. To ensure that defects have not been
introduced by a modification d. To motivate better unit testing by the programmers - Answers c. To
ensure that defects have not been introduced by a modification When what is visible to end-users is a
deviation from the specific or expected behavior, this is called: a. an error b. a defect c. a mistake d. a
fault e. a failure - Answers e. a failure According to the ISTQB Glossary, a risk relates to which of the
following? a. Negative consequences for the test object b. Negative feedback to the tester c. Negative
consequences that will occur d. Negative consequences that could occur - Answers d. Negative
consequences that could occur Which of the following is a nonfunctional quality characteristic? a.
Maintenance b. Usability c. Feasibility d. Regression - Answers b. Usability Which of these is a
functional test? a. Checking the on-line bookings screen information and the database contents
against the information on the letter to the customers b. Checking how easy the system is to use c.
Measuring response time on an on-line booking system d. Checking the effect of high volumes of
traffic in a call-center system. - Answers a. Checking the on-line bookings screen information and the
database contents against the information on the letter to the customers Which option best describes
objectives for test levels with a life cycle model? a. Each level has objectives specific to that level b.
Objectives should be generic for any test level c. Objectives are the same for each test level d. The
objectives of a test level don't need to be defined in advance - Answers a. Each level has objectives
specific to that level What are good practices for testing within the development life cycle? a. Early
test analysis and design b. Different test levels are defined with specific objectives c. All of the others -
Answers c. All of the others Which of the following is a test type? a. System testing b. Component
testing c. Functional testing d. Acceptance testing - Answers c. Functional testing Which of the
following is a type of non-functional testing? a. Dataflow testing b. Statement Coverage c. Usability
testing d. Cause-effect graphing - Answers c. Usability testing Regression testing always involves: a.
Executing a large number of different tests b. Testing whether modifications have introduced adverse
side effects c. Testing whether a known software fault been fixed d. Using a test automation tool -
Answers b. Testing whether modifications have introduced adverse side effects Functional system
testing is: a. testing that the system functions with other systems b. testing that the components that
,comprise the system function together c. testing the end to end functionality of the system as a whole
d. testing the system performs functions within specified response times - Answers c. testing the end
to end functionality of the system as a whole Which of the following will be the best definition for
Testing? a. Testing is executing Software for the purpose of finding defects b. The purpose of testing is
to demonstrate that the program is defect free c. The purpose of testing is to demonstrate that the
program does what it is supposed to do d. The goal /purpose of testing is to demonstrate that the
program works - Answers a. Testing is executing Software for the purpose of finding defects What can
static analysis NOT find? a. The re-definition of a variable before it has been used b. The use of a
variable before it has been defined c. Unreachable ("dead") code d. Array bound violations e.
Whether the value stored in a variable is correct - Answers e. Whether the value stored in a variable is
correct Which of the following artefacts can be examined by using review techniques? a.
Requirements specification b. Software code c. Test designs d. All of the above - Answers d. All of the
above Which statement about the function of a static analysis tool is true? a. Can detect memory
leaks b. Gives quality information about the code without executing it c. Checks expected results
against actual results d. Gives information about what code has and has not been exercised - Answers
b. Gives quality information about the code without executing it Which is not a type of review? a.
Informal review b. Inspection c. Management approval d. Walkthrough - Answers c. Management
approval What statement about reviews is true? a. Technical reviews are led by a trained leader,
inspections are not b. Participants for a walkthrough always need to be thoroughly trained c. In a
walkthrough, the author does not attend d. Inspections are led by a trained moderator, whereas
technical reviews are not necessarily - Answers d. Inspections are led by a trained moderator,
whereas technical reviews are not necessarily What is the main difference between a walkthrough
and an inspection? a. An inspection is led by the authors, while a walkthrough is led by a trained
moderator b. A walkthrough is led by the author, while an inspection is led by a trained moderator c.
An inspection has a trained leader, while a walkthrough has no leader d. Authors are not present
during inspections, while they are during walkthroughs - Answers b. A walkthrough is led by the
author, while an inspection is led by a trained moderator The later in the development life cycle a
fault is discovered, the more expensive it is to fix. Why? a. Wages are rising b. The fault has been built
into more documentation, code, tests, etc. c. None of the others d. The documentation is poor, so it
takes longer to find out what the software is doing - Answers b. The fault has been built into more
documentation, code, tests, etc. Where may functional testing be performed? a. At all levels above
integration testing b. At all test levels c. At system and acceptance testing levels only d. At the
acceptance testing level only - Answers b. At all test levels What is the MAIN objective when
reviewing a software deliverable? a. To identify standards inconsistencies in the code b. To identify
spelling mistakes in a requirements specification c. To identify defects in any software work product d.
To identify potential application failures by use of a test specification - Answers c. To identify defects
in any software work product Who would USUALLY perform debugging activities? a. Testers b.
Incident Managers c. Developers d. Analysts - Answers c. Developers How many test case are used to
cover all execution paths in diagram below? [picture here] a. 5 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8 - Answers a. 5 Which of
the following is NOT part of system testing? a. performance, load and stress testing b. top-down
integration testing c. requirements-based testing d. business process-based testing - Answers b. top-
down integration testing What is failure? a. Fault in the system b. Deviation from expected result to
actual result c. Defect in the software d. Error in the program code - Answers b. Deviation from
expected result to actual result In which document described in IEEE 829 would you find instructions
for the steps to be taken for a test including set-up, logging, environment and measurement? a. Test
case specification b. Test plan c. Test design specification d. Test procedure specification - Answers d.
Test procedure specification With a highly experienced tester with a good business background,
which approach to defining test procedures would be effective and most efficient for a project under
severe time pressure? a. Every step in the test spelled out in detail b. A high-level outline of the test
conditions and general steps to take c. Detailed documentation of all test cases and careful records of
each step taken in the testing d. A high-level outline of the test conditions with the steps to take
discussed in detail with another experienced tester - Answers b. A high-level outline of the test
conditions and general steps to take Put the test cases that implement the following test conditions
into the best order for the test execution schedule, for a test that is checking modifications of
customers on a database. 1 - Print modified customer record 2 - Change customer address: house
number and street name 3 - Capture and print the on-screen error message 4 - Change customer
address: postal code 5 - Confirm existing customer is on the database by opening that record 6 - Close
, the customer record and close the database 7 - Try to add a new customer with no details at all a. 5,
4, 2, 1, 3, 7, 6 b. 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6 c. 4, 2, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3 d. 5, 4, 2, 1, 7, 3, 6 - Answers d. 5, 4, 2, 1, 7, 3, 6
Why are both specification-based and structure-based testing techniques useful? a. Both find the
same types of defect b. Because specifications tend to be unstructured c. They find different types of
defect d. Using more techniques is always better - Answers c. They find different types of defect What
is a key characteristic of structure-based testing techniques? a. They are based on the skills and
experience of the tester b. They use a formal or informal model of the software or component c. They
are mainly used to assess the structure of a specification d. They are used both to measure coverage
and to design tests to increase coverage - Answers d. They are used both to measure coverage and to
design tests to increase coverage Which of the following would be an example of decision-table
testing for a financial application applied at the system-test level? a. A table containing rules for chess
b. A table containing rules for combinations of inputs to two fields on a screen c. A table containing
rules for interfaces between components d. A table containing rules for mortgage applications -
Answers d. A table containing rules for mortgage applications Which of the following could be a
coverage measure for state transition testing? V - All states have been reached W - The response time
for each transaction is adequate X - Every transition has been exercised Y - All boundaries have been
exercised Z - Specific sequences of transitions have been exercised a. V, X, Y and Z b. W, X and Y c. X, Y
and Z d. V, X and Z - Answers d. V, X and Z Postal rates for 'light letters' are 25p up to 10g, 35p up to
50g plus an extra 10p for each additional 25g up to 100g. Which test inputs (in grams) would be
selected using equivalence partitioning? a. 5, 20, 40, 60, 80 b. 8, 42, 82, 102 c. 10, 50, 75, 100 d. 4, 15,
65, 92, 159 - Answers d. 4, 15, 65, 92, 159 Which of the following could be used to assess the
coverage achieved for specification-based (black-box) test techniques? V - Decision outcomes
exercised W - Partitions exercised X - Boundaries exercised Y - State transitions exercised Z -
Statements exercised a. W, X, Y or Z b. V, X or Z c. V, W, Y or Z d. W, X or Y - Answers d. W, X or Y
Which of the following would structure-based test design techniques be most likely applied to? 1 -
Boundaries between mortgage interest rate bands 2 - An invalid transition between two different
arrears statuses 3 - The business process flow for mortgage approval 4 - Control flow of the program
to calculate repayments a. 1, 2 and 3 b. 3 and 4 c. 2 and 4 d. 2, 3 and 4 - Answers b. 3 and 4 Use case
testing is useful for which of the following? P - Designing acceptance tests with users or customers Q -
Making sure that the mainstream business processes are tested R - Finding defects in the interaction
between components S - Identifying the maximum and minimum values for every input field T -
Identifying the percentage of statements exercised by a sets of tests a. P, Q and R b. P, Q and S c. Q, S
and T d. R, S and T - Answers a. P, Q and R Which of the following statements about the relationship
between statement coverage and decision coverage is correct? a. 100% statement coverage is
achieved if decision coverage is greater than 90% b. 100% decision coverage always means 100%
statement coverage c. 100% statement coverage always means 100% decision coverage d. 100%
decision coverage is achieved if statement coverage is greater than 90% - Answers b. 100% decision
coverage always means 100% statement coverage Why is independent testing important? a.
Independent testing is usually cheaper than testing your own work b. Independent testing is more
effective at finding defects c. Independent testers are dispassionate about whether the project
succeeds or fails d. Independent testers should determine the processes and methodologies used -
Answers b. Independent testing is more effective at finding defects According to the ISTQB Glossary,
what do we mean when we call someone a test manager? a. A test manager manages a collection of
test leaders b. A test manager is the leader of a test team or teams c. A test manager reports to a test
leader d. A test manager gets paid more than a test leader - Answers b. A test manager is the leader
of a test team or teams Which of the following metrics would be most useful to monitor during test
execution? a. Number of defects found and fixed b. Percentage of test cases written c. Percentage of
requirements for which a test has been written d. Number of test environments remaining to be
configured - Answers a. Number of defects found and fixed Which of the following factors is an
influence on the test effort involved in most projects? a. The quality of the information used to
develop the tests b. Unexpected long-term illness by a member of the project team c. The departure
of the test manager during the project d. Geographical separation of tester and programmers -
Answers a. The quality of the information used to develop the tests During an early period of test
execution, a defect is located, resolved and confirmed as resolved by re-testing, but is seen again later
during subsequent test execution. Which of the following is a testing-related aspect of configuration
management that is most likely to have broken down? a. Traceability b. Confirmation testing c.
Configuration control d. Test documentation management - Answers c. Configuration control