NURS 5432 FNP 1 Practice Test with Rationales –
Week 1–7 Core Concepts
1. Which of the following is the most common cause of acute otitis
media in children?
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Staphylococcus aureus
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial pathogen
causing acute otitis media in children.
2. A 55-year-old patient presents with sudden onset chest pain
radiating to the left arm. Which is the first diagnostic test to
perform?
A. Chest X-ray
B. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
C. Echocardiogram
D. Cardiac MRI
ECG is the initial diagnostic test for suspected acute coronary
syndrome to identify ischemic changes.
3. Which vaccine is recommended annually for adults, especially
those with chronic health conditions?
A. MMR
B. Tdap
C. Influenza
D. Varicella
,Annual influenza vaccination is recommended to prevent seasonal flu,
particularly in high-risk populations.
4. A patient presents with a blood pressure of 152/94 mmHg.
According to ACC/AHA guidelines, this is classified as:
A. Normal
B. Elevated
C. Hypertension Stage 2
D. Hypertension Stage 1
A blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg is classified as Stage 2 hypertension
according to ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines.
5. Which medication is first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes in
adults?
A. Metformin
B. Glyburide
C. Insulin
D. Pioglitazone
Metformin is recommended as first-line therapy due to efficacy, safety
profile, and cardiovascular benefits.
6. Which of the following is a key symptom of hypothyroidism?
A. Tachycardia
B. Weight loss
C. Fatigue
D. Hyperactivity
Fatigue is a classic symptom of hypothyroidism due to reduced
metabolic activity.
,7. A 4-year-old child presents with barking cough and stridor. The
most likely diagnosis is:
A. Bronchiolitis
B. Asthma
C. Croup (laryngotracheitis)
D. Epiglottitis
Barking cough and stridor are hallmark signs of viral croup in
children.
8. Which laboratory finding is most indicative of iron deficiency
anemia?
A. Elevated MCV
B. Low ferritin
C. High hemoglobin
D. Normal RBC count
Ferritin is the best indicator of iron stores; low ferritin confirms iron
deficiency anemia.
9. Which heart sound is associated with heart failure?
A. S1 only
B. S2 only
C. S3 gallop
D. S4 gallop
An S3 gallop occurs due to increased ventricular filling pressures and
is often associated with heart failure.
10. First-line treatment for mild persistent asthma in adults is:
, A. Short-acting beta-agonist PRN only
B. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroid
C. Oral corticosteroids
D. Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Inhaled corticosteroids are the first-line controller therapy for mild
persistent asthma.
11. A 30-year-old patient has a BMI of 32. This is classified as:
A. Overweight
B. Obese Class I
C. Obese Class II
D. Normal weight
BMI 30–34.9 is classified as Obese Class I.
12. Which condition is characterized by symmetric joint pain worse
in the morning that improves with activity?
A. Osteoarthritis
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. Gout
D. Psoriatic arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis typically presents with morning stiffness and
symmetric joint involvement.
13. Which of the following is a primary prevention strategy for
cardiovascular disease?
A. Treating myocardial infarction
B. Smoking cessation counseling
Week 1–7 Core Concepts
1. Which of the following is the most common cause of acute otitis
media in children?
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Staphylococcus aureus
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial pathogen
causing acute otitis media in children.
2. A 55-year-old patient presents with sudden onset chest pain
radiating to the left arm. Which is the first diagnostic test to
perform?
A. Chest X-ray
B. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
C. Echocardiogram
D. Cardiac MRI
ECG is the initial diagnostic test for suspected acute coronary
syndrome to identify ischemic changes.
3. Which vaccine is recommended annually for adults, especially
those with chronic health conditions?
A. MMR
B. Tdap
C. Influenza
D. Varicella
,Annual influenza vaccination is recommended to prevent seasonal flu,
particularly in high-risk populations.
4. A patient presents with a blood pressure of 152/94 mmHg.
According to ACC/AHA guidelines, this is classified as:
A. Normal
B. Elevated
C. Hypertension Stage 2
D. Hypertension Stage 1
A blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg is classified as Stage 2 hypertension
according to ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines.
5. Which medication is first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes in
adults?
A. Metformin
B. Glyburide
C. Insulin
D. Pioglitazone
Metformin is recommended as first-line therapy due to efficacy, safety
profile, and cardiovascular benefits.
6. Which of the following is a key symptom of hypothyroidism?
A. Tachycardia
B. Weight loss
C. Fatigue
D. Hyperactivity
Fatigue is a classic symptom of hypothyroidism due to reduced
metabolic activity.
,7. A 4-year-old child presents with barking cough and stridor. The
most likely diagnosis is:
A. Bronchiolitis
B. Asthma
C. Croup (laryngotracheitis)
D. Epiglottitis
Barking cough and stridor are hallmark signs of viral croup in
children.
8. Which laboratory finding is most indicative of iron deficiency
anemia?
A. Elevated MCV
B. Low ferritin
C. High hemoglobin
D. Normal RBC count
Ferritin is the best indicator of iron stores; low ferritin confirms iron
deficiency anemia.
9. Which heart sound is associated with heart failure?
A. S1 only
B. S2 only
C. S3 gallop
D. S4 gallop
An S3 gallop occurs due to increased ventricular filling pressures and
is often associated with heart failure.
10. First-line treatment for mild persistent asthma in adults is:
, A. Short-acting beta-agonist PRN only
B. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroid
C. Oral corticosteroids
D. Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Inhaled corticosteroids are the first-line controller therapy for mild
persistent asthma.
11. A 30-year-old patient has a BMI of 32. This is classified as:
A. Overweight
B. Obese Class I
C. Obese Class II
D. Normal weight
BMI 30–34.9 is classified as Obese Class I.
12. Which condition is characterized by symmetric joint pain worse
in the morning that improves with activity?
A. Osteoarthritis
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. Gout
D. Psoriatic arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis typically presents with morning stiffness and
symmetric joint involvement.
13. Which of the following is a primary prevention strategy for
cardiovascular disease?
A. Treating myocardial infarction
B. Smoking cessation counseling
