operating system - ANSWER system software that acts as a "go-between", allowing
computer hardware and other software to communicate with each other
What is the purpose of a computer operating system? - ANSWER It functions as a re-
source manager.
Which kind of software are Mac OS X and Windows 10 programs? - ANSWER Operat-
ing system (OS)
Which operating system allows for its source code to be modified and redistributed? - AN-
SWER Android is an open-source mobile operating system; therefore, source code is
available, and anyone can modify and redistribute it.
Cloud-based operating systems - ANSWER primarily manages the operation of one or
more virtual machines within a virtualized environment.
What is a feature of cloud-based operating systems? - ANSWER They are primarily
stateless.
System calls - ANSWER unique set of services provided by operating systems for use by
applications and have to be accounted for by different operating systems.
Application Programming Interface (API) - ANSWER A set of software routines that al-
lows one software system to work with another.
1
,Why do applications designed to work on one operating system not work on a different op-
erating system? - ANSWER Unique system calls
single-user systems - ANSWER multitasking systems, found in laptops and work-
stations
mobile device operating systems - ANSWER provides single-user and multitasking at a
scaled-down level due to power and memory limitations
Basic resources OS organizes before users can give a computer instructions: - AN-
SWER 1. Processor
2. Storage
3. Devices
4. Input/Output
5.Memory
Mainframe Systems - ANSWER large, fast, and powerful, used for high transaction pro-
cessing and complex computations; used by corporations and government agencies
network server systems - ANSWER designed and named for a specific purpose such as
database servers, web servers, and print servers
real-time systems - ANSWER designed to direct CPU access immediately when needed
or required
Embedded control systems - ANSWER specialized operating systems designed to con-
trol a single piece of equipment or machinery
distributed systems - ANSWER geared toward allocating process power, programs,
files, and databases to network users
2
, Application Software - ANSWER software program that helps you use the computer to
do particular tasks
Drivers - ANSWER instructs a particular OS on how to access a piece of hardware
version - ANSWER particular revision of a piece of software, normally described by a
number that tells you how new the product is in relation to other versions of the product
source code - ANSWER actual code that defines how a piece of software works
Open Source - ANSWER Software that is created for free use by everyone
closed source - ANSWER source code that is highly protected and only available to
trusted employees and carefully vetted contractors
Graphical User Interface (GUI) - ANSWER A visual display on a computer's screen that
allows you to interact with your computer more easily by clicking graphical elements.
network - ANSWER a group of two or more computer systems linked together
Cooperative multitasking - ANSWER Multiple processes must work together for the
operating system to work effectively.
preemptive multitasking - ANSWER When the operating system processes the task as-
signed a higher priority before processing a task that has been assigned a lower priority.
Multithreading - ANSWER Allows different parts of a single program to run concur-
rently.
3
computer hardware and other software to communicate with each other
What is the purpose of a computer operating system? - ANSWER It functions as a re-
source manager.
Which kind of software are Mac OS X and Windows 10 programs? - ANSWER Operat-
ing system (OS)
Which operating system allows for its source code to be modified and redistributed? - AN-
SWER Android is an open-source mobile operating system; therefore, source code is
available, and anyone can modify and redistribute it.
Cloud-based operating systems - ANSWER primarily manages the operation of one or
more virtual machines within a virtualized environment.
What is a feature of cloud-based operating systems? - ANSWER They are primarily
stateless.
System calls - ANSWER unique set of services provided by operating systems for use by
applications and have to be accounted for by different operating systems.
Application Programming Interface (API) - ANSWER A set of software routines that al-
lows one software system to work with another.
1
,Why do applications designed to work on one operating system not work on a different op-
erating system? - ANSWER Unique system calls
single-user systems - ANSWER multitasking systems, found in laptops and work-
stations
mobile device operating systems - ANSWER provides single-user and multitasking at a
scaled-down level due to power and memory limitations
Basic resources OS organizes before users can give a computer instructions: - AN-
SWER 1. Processor
2. Storage
3. Devices
4. Input/Output
5.Memory
Mainframe Systems - ANSWER large, fast, and powerful, used for high transaction pro-
cessing and complex computations; used by corporations and government agencies
network server systems - ANSWER designed and named for a specific purpose such as
database servers, web servers, and print servers
real-time systems - ANSWER designed to direct CPU access immediately when needed
or required
Embedded control systems - ANSWER specialized operating systems designed to con-
trol a single piece of equipment or machinery
distributed systems - ANSWER geared toward allocating process power, programs,
files, and databases to network users
2
, Application Software - ANSWER software program that helps you use the computer to
do particular tasks
Drivers - ANSWER instructs a particular OS on how to access a piece of hardware
version - ANSWER particular revision of a piece of software, normally described by a
number that tells you how new the product is in relation to other versions of the product
source code - ANSWER actual code that defines how a piece of software works
Open Source - ANSWER Software that is created for free use by everyone
closed source - ANSWER source code that is highly protected and only available to
trusted employees and carefully vetted contractors
Graphical User Interface (GUI) - ANSWER A visual display on a computer's screen that
allows you to interact with your computer more easily by clicking graphical elements.
network - ANSWER a group of two or more computer systems linked together
Cooperative multitasking - ANSWER Multiple processes must work together for the
operating system to work effectively.
preemptive multitasking - ANSWER When the operating system processes the task as-
signed a higher priority before processing a task that has been assigned a lower priority.
Multithreading - ANSWER Allows different parts of a single program to run concur-
rently.
3
