System software that acts as a "go-between", allowing computer hardware and other soft-
ware to communicate with each other - ANSWER Operating system
What is the purpose of a computer operating system? - ANSWER Resource manager
What kind of software are the Mac OS X and Windows 10 program? - ANSWER Operat-
ing System (OS)
What operating system is open-sourced and allows its source code to be modified and redis-
tributed? - ANSWER Android
What primarily manages the operating of one or more virtual machines within a virtualized
environment? - ANSWER Cloud based operating systems
What is a feature of cloud-based operating systems? - ANSWER Primarily stateless
Unique set of services provided by operating systems for use by applications and have to be
accounted for by different operating systems. - ANSWER System calls
A set of software routines that allows one software system to work with another. - AN-
SWER Application Programming Interface (API)
Why do applications designed to work on one operating system not work on a different op-
erating system? - ANSWER Unique system calls
1
,Multitasking systems, found in laptops and workstations - ANSWER single-user sys-
tems
Provides single-user and multitasking at a scaled down level due to power and memory limi-
tations - ANSWER Mobile Device Operating Systems
Large, fast, and powerful, used for high transaction processing and complex computations;
used by corporations and government agencies - ANSWER Mainframe Systems
Designed and named for a specific purpose such as database servers, web servers, and print
servers - ANSWER Network server systems
Designed to direct CPU access immediately when needed or required - ANSWER Real-
time systems
Specialized operating systems designed to control a single piece of equipment or machinery
- ANSWER Embedded control systems
Geared toward allocating process power, programs, files, and databases to network users. -
ANSWER Distributed systems
Software program that helps you use the computer to do particular tasks - AN-
SWER Application Software
Instructs a particular OS on how to access a piece of hardware - ANSWER Drivers
Particular revision of a piece of software, normally described by a number that tells you how
new the product is in relation to other versions of the product - ANSWER Version
Actual code that defines how a piece of software works - ANSWER Source code
2
, Software that is created for free use by everyone - ANSWER Open source
Source code that is highly protected and only available to trusted employees and carefully
vetted contractors - ANSWER Closed source
A visual display on a computer's screen that allows you to interact with your computer more
easily by clicking graphical elements - ANSWER Graphical User Interface (GUI)
A group of two or more computer systems linked together - ANSWER Network
A technique where each process voluntarily yields control of the CPU to allow other pro-
cesses to run. The operating system relies on each process to provide time to others. - AN-
SWER Cooperative multitasking
A technique where the operating system decides when a process should yield control of the
CPU, ensuring that no single process can monopolize the CPU. - ANSWER Preemptive
multitasking
A programming and execution technique that allows a single process to have multiple
threads of execution running concurrently. - ANSWER Multithreading
A method of handling input/output operations in a computer system that uses interrupts to
signal the processor when an I/O device needs attention. This technique allows the CPU to
perform other tasks instead of being constantly engaged in polling an I/O device to check its
status. - ANSWER Interrupt-Driven I/O
A method of managing input/output operations in which the CPU is responsible for directly
controlling I/O operations through software instructions. This approach involves the CPU ac-
tively waiting for I/O operations to complete by continuously checking the status of I/O de-
vices and then reading or writing data as needed. - ANSWER Programmed I/O
3
ware to communicate with each other - ANSWER Operating system
What is the purpose of a computer operating system? - ANSWER Resource manager
What kind of software are the Mac OS X and Windows 10 program? - ANSWER Operat-
ing System (OS)
What operating system is open-sourced and allows its source code to be modified and redis-
tributed? - ANSWER Android
What primarily manages the operating of one or more virtual machines within a virtualized
environment? - ANSWER Cloud based operating systems
What is a feature of cloud-based operating systems? - ANSWER Primarily stateless
Unique set of services provided by operating systems for use by applications and have to be
accounted for by different operating systems. - ANSWER System calls
A set of software routines that allows one software system to work with another. - AN-
SWER Application Programming Interface (API)
Why do applications designed to work on one operating system not work on a different op-
erating system? - ANSWER Unique system calls
1
,Multitasking systems, found in laptops and workstations - ANSWER single-user sys-
tems
Provides single-user and multitasking at a scaled down level due to power and memory limi-
tations - ANSWER Mobile Device Operating Systems
Large, fast, and powerful, used for high transaction processing and complex computations;
used by corporations and government agencies - ANSWER Mainframe Systems
Designed and named for a specific purpose such as database servers, web servers, and print
servers - ANSWER Network server systems
Designed to direct CPU access immediately when needed or required - ANSWER Real-
time systems
Specialized operating systems designed to control a single piece of equipment or machinery
- ANSWER Embedded control systems
Geared toward allocating process power, programs, files, and databases to network users. -
ANSWER Distributed systems
Software program that helps you use the computer to do particular tasks - AN-
SWER Application Software
Instructs a particular OS on how to access a piece of hardware - ANSWER Drivers
Particular revision of a piece of software, normally described by a number that tells you how
new the product is in relation to other versions of the product - ANSWER Version
Actual code that defines how a piece of software works - ANSWER Source code
2
, Software that is created for free use by everyone - ANSWER Open source
Source code that is highly protected and only available to trusted employees and carefully
vetted contractors - ANSWER Closed source
A visual display on a computer's screen that allows you to interact with your computer more
easily by clicking graphical elements - ANSWER Graphical User Interface (GUI)
A group of two or more computer systems linked together - ANSWER Network
A technique where each process voluntarily yields control of the CPU to allow other pro-
cesses to run. The operating system relies on each process to provide time to others. - AN-
SWER Cooperative multitasking
A technique where the operating system decides when a process should yield control of the
CPU, ensuring that no single process can monopolize the CPU. - ANSWER Preemptive
multitasking
A programming and execution technique that allows a single process to have multiple
threads of execution running concurrently. - ANSWER Multithreading
A method of handling input/output operations in a computer system that uses interrupts to
signal the processor when an I/O device needs attention. This technique allows the CPU to
perform other tasks instead of being constantly engaged in polling an I/O device to check its
status. - ANSWER Interrupt-Driven I/O
A method of managing input/output operations in which the CPU is responsible for directly
controlling I/O operations through software instructions. This approach involves the CPU ac-
tively waiting for I/O operations to complete by continuously checking the status of I/O de-
vices and then reading or writing data as needed. - ANSWER Programmed I/O
3
