BMSC 230 FINAL ACTUAL PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
>> What is a glucogenic amino acid?
Answer: - amino acids that are catabolized to pyruvate or an intermediate of the TCA cycle
>> What is a ketogenic amino acid?
Answer: - amino acids that are catabolized to acetyl CoA or acetoacetate
>> Which amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?
Answer: - leucine
>> Which amino acids are both ketogenic & glucogenic?
Answer: - isoleucine
>> What amino acids are converted to pyruvate?
Answer: - alanine
>> Enzyme for threonine > glycine
Answer: Threonine dehydrogenase
>> Enzyme for glycine > serine
Answer: Serine hydroxymethyl transferase
>> Enzyme for serine > pyruvate
Answer: Serine dehydratase
>> Enzyme for alanine > pyruvate
Answer: Alanine aminotransferase
>> Enzyme for glutamate + pyruvate ↔ alanine + a-ketoglutarate
Answer: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
>> Enzyme for glutamate + oxaloacetate ↔ aspartate + a-ketoglutarate
Answer: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
>> How can serine & threonine be directly deaminated to pyruvate + NH4 & a-ketobutyrate + NH4?
Answer: Serine dehydratase & threonine dehydratase
, >> What are the coenzymes for the direct deamination of serine & threonine dehydratase?
Answer: - pyridoxal
>> What two amino acids are converted to oxaloacetate?
Answer: - asparagine
>> Enzyme for asparagine > aspartate
Answer: Asparaginase
>> Enzyme for aspartate > oxaloacetate
Answer: Aspartate aminotransferase
>> What amino acids are converted to a-ketoglutarate?
Answer: - glutamate
>> Enzyme for arginine > ornithine
Answer: Arginase
>> What are the byproducts of asparagine > aspartate?
Answer: - H2O
>> What are the byproducts of aspartate > oxaloacetate?
Answer: - a-ketoglutarate
>> What are the byproducts of arginine > ornithine?
Answer: - H2O
>> What amino acids are converted to succinyl CoA?
Answer: - methionine
>> What are the intermediates of methionine, valine, & isoleucine to succinyl CoA?
Answer: - propionyl CoA
>> What are the steps of degradation of methionine?
Answer: - methionine
>> Enzyme for methionine > S-adenosylmethionine
Answer: Methionine adenosyl transferase
>> What enzyme allows serine to be directly deaminated to pyruvate + NH4?
Answer: Serine dehydratase
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
>> What is a glucogenic amino acid?
Answer: - amino acids that are catabolized to pyruvate or an intermediate of the TCA cycle
>> What is a ketogenic amino acid?
Answer: - amino acids that are catabolized to acetyl CoA or acetoacetate
>> Which amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?
Answer: - leucine
>> Which amino acids are both ketogenic & glucogenic?
Answer: - isoleucine
>> What amino acids are converted to pyruvate?
Answer: - alanine
>> Enzyme for threonine > glycine
Answer: Threonine dehydrogenase
>> Enzyme for glycine > serine
Answer: Serine hydroxymethyl transferase
>> Enzyme for serine > pyruvate
Answer: Serine dehydratase
>> Enzyme for alanine > pyruvate
Answer: Alanine aminotransferase
>> Enzyme for glutamate + pyruvate ↔ alanine + a-ketoglutarate
Answer: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
>> Enzyme for glutamate + oxaloacetate ↔ aspartate + a-ketoglutarate
Answer: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
>> How can serine & threonine be directly deaminated to pyruvate + NH4 & a-ketobutyrate + NH4?
Answer: Serine dehydratase & threonine dehydratase
, >> What are the coenzymes for the direct deamination of serine & threonine dehydratase?
Answer: - pyridoxal
>> What two amino acids are converted to oxaloacetate?
Answer: - asparagine
>> Enzyme for asparagine > aspartate
Answer: Asparaginase
>> Enzyme for aspartate > oxaloacetate
Answer: Aspartate aminotransferase
>> What amino acids are converted to a-ketoglutarate?
Answer: - glutamate
>> Enzyme for arginine > ornithine
Answer: Arginase
>> What are the byproducts of asparagine > aspartate?
Answer: - H2O
>> What are the byproducts of aspartate > oxaloacetate?
Answer: - a-ketoglutarate
>> What are the byproducts of arginine > ornithine?
Answer: - H2O
>> What amino acids are converted to succinyl CoA?
Answer: - methionine
>> What are the intermediates of methionine, valine, & isoleucine to succinyl CoA?
Answer: - propionyl CoA
>> What are the steps of degradation of methionine?
Answer: - methionine
>> Enzyme for methionine > S-adenosylmethionine
Answer: Methionine adenosyl transferase
>> What enzyme allows serine to be directly deaminated to pyruvate + NH4?
Answer: Serine dehydratase
