APES - Unit 6 Test Review with
Complete Solutions
Renewable Energy Source - ANSWER-can be replenished naturally at or near rate of
consumption
Renewable Energy examples - ANSWER-Biofuel, Hydrogen Fuel Cells, Solar, Wind,
Hydroelectric , Geothermal, Biomass
Nonrenewable Energy Sources - ANSWER-exist in fixed amounts on earth & each unit
can't be easily replaced or regenerated
What type of coal releases the most energy? - ANSWER-Anthracite because it is the
most energy dense which means it can release the most energy when it is burned
Process of Coal --> Electricity - ANSWER-Coal is burned to heat water into steam which
turns a turbine that generates electricity
How does natural gas form? - ANSWER-decaying remains of plants and animals are
buried under layers of rock & converted by pressure into oil (petroleum) and natural gas
overtime
Where is natural gas mostly made up of and where is it found? - ANSWER-Methane
and found in trapped oil (petroleum) deposits
Why is natural gas considered the "cleanest" fossil fuel? - ANSWER-B/c it produces the
fewest air pollutants and least CO2 when burned
- produces 1/2 as much CO2 as coal when burned to generate electricity
- produces virtually no PM (ash/soot)
How is oil (petroleum) formed? - ANSWER-Decaying matter is trapped under rock
layers and compressed into oil over time
How is oil obtained? - ANSWER-It is extracted by drilling a well through the overlying
rock layers to reach the underground deposit then pumping liquid oil under the pressure
and can also be recovered from tar sands (clay, sand, water, bitumen)
Bitumen - ANSWER-a thick, sticky, semi-solid form of petroleum
Fractional Distillation - ANSWER-- oil is converted into different products
, - oil is burned in a furnace and vapor passes into a column where different
hydrocarbons are separated based on boiling points
- hydrocarbons w/ lower boiling points gather at the top while higher gather at the
bottom
What can crude oil be used to make? - ANSWER-petroleum gas, gasoline (fuel cars),
naptha (make plastic), jet fuel, diesel fuel...
6.3 Practice FRQ Explain two environmental benefits of using natural gas as a fuel
compared to using coal - ANSWER-1. produces 1/2 of the CO2 that coal produces
when burned
2. produces no PM, and less SOx and NOx than coal
What country has the most coal reserves? - ANSWER-USA
What country has the most natural gas reserves? - ANSWER-Russia
What country has the most oil reserves? - ANSWER-Venezuela
Fracking (Hydraulic Fracking) - ANSWER-a method of natural gas extraction that has
extended access to natural gas, increases and extends supply of natural gas
What country is the largest oil sand reserve? - ANSWER-Canada
6.4 Practice FRQ Identify a region of the US that is likely to be a large producer of
natural gas (looking at a map) - ANSWER-Southern coast, East coast, Great Lakes
6.4 Practice FRQ Describe the geological features associated with natural gas reserves
- ANSWER-Gas rich shale
What is fossil fuel combustion? - ANSWER-A reaction bewteen 02 and fossil fuels
(hydrocarbons) that release energy as heat and produce CO2 and H2O
What are the steps of energy production for fossil fuels? - ANSWER-Heat is produces --
> Water is heated in to steam --> steam turns a turbine --> turbine power the generator
-->generator produces electricity
Enviromental Consequences of Coal - ANSWER-- habitat destruction
- produces pollutants and CO2 (releases the most CO2)
- produces toxic ash
Cogeneration - ANSWER-when the heat produces from electricity generation is used to
provide heat to a building
Environmental Consequence of Tar Sands - ANSWER-- habitat destruction
- ground or nearby surface water depletion
Complete Solutions
Renewable Energy Source - ANSWER-can be replenished naturally at or near rate of
consumption
Renewable Energy examples - ANSWER-Biofuel, Hydrogen Fuel Cells, Solar, Wind,
Hydroelectric , Geothermal, Biomass
Nonrenewable Energy Sources - ANSWER-exist in fixed amounts on earth & each unit
can't be easily replaced or regenerated
What type of coal releases the most energy? - ANSWER-Anthracite because it is the
most energy dense which means it can release the most energy when it is burned
Process of Coal --> Electricity - ANSWER-Coal is burned to heat water into steam which
turns a turbine that generates electricity
How does natural gas form? - ANSWER-decaying remains of plants and animals are
buried under layers of rock & converted by pressure into oil (petroleum) and natural gas
overtime
Where is natural gas mostly made up of and where is it found? - ANSWER-Methane
and found in trapped oil (petroleum) deposits
Why is natural gas considered the "cleanest" fossil fuel? - ANSWER-B/c it produces the
fewest air pollutants and least CO2 when burned
- produces 1/2 as much CO2 as coal when burned to generate electricity
- produces virtually no PM (ash/soot)
How is oil (petroleum) formed? - ANSWER-Decaying matter is trapped under rock
layers and compressed into oil over time
How is oil obtained? - ANSWER-It is extracted by drilling a well through the overlying
rock layers to reach the underground deposit then pumping liquid oil under the pressure
and can also be recovered from tar sands (clay, sand, water, bitumen)
Bitumen - ANSWER-a thick, sticky, semi-solid form of petroleum
Fractional Distillation - ANSWER-- oil is converted into different products
, - oil is burned in a furnace and vapor passes into a column where different
hydrocarbons are separated based on boiling points
- hydrocarbons w/ lower boiling points gather at the top while higher gather at the
bottom
What can crude oil be used to make? - ANSWER-petroleum gas, gasoline (fuel cars),
naptha (make plastic), jet fuel, diesel fuel...
6.3 Practice FRQ Explain two environmental benefits of using natural gas as a fuel
compared to using coal - ANSWER-1. produces 1/2 of the CO2 that coal produces
when burned
2. produces no PM, and less SOx and NOx than coal
What country has the most coal reserves? - ANSWER-USA
What country has the most natural gas reserves? - ANSWER-Russia
What country has the most oil reserves? - ANSWER-Venezuela
Fracking (Hydraulic Fracking) - ANSWER-a method of natural gas extraction that has
extended access to natural gas, increases and extends supply of natural gas
What country is the largest oil sand reserve? - ANSWER-Canada
6.4 Practice FRQ Identify a region of the US that is likely to be a large producer of
natural gas (looking at a map) - ANSWER-Southern coast, East coast, Great Lakes
6.4 Practice FRQ Describe the geological features associated with natural gas reserves
- ANSWER-Gas rich shale
What is fossil fuel combustion? - ANSWER-A reaction bewteen 02 and fossil fuels
(hydrocarbons) that release energy as heat and produce CO2 and H2O
What are the steps of energy production for fossil fuels? - ANSWER-Heat is produces --
> Water is heated in to steam --> steam turns a turbine --> turbine power the generator
-->generator produces electricity
Enviromental Consequences of Coal - ANSWER-- habitat destruction
- produces pollutants and CO2 (releases the most CO2)
- produces toxic ash
Cogeneration - ANSWER-when the heat produces from electricity generation is used to
provide heat to a building
Environmental Consequence of Tar Sands - ANSWER-- habitat destruction
- ground or nearby surface water depletion
