BIOS 242 FINAL PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ An neuronal circuit in which one presynaptic neuron stimulates a
group of neurons, each of which then synapses with a common
postsynaptic cell is a: Answer: d. parallel after-discharge circuit.
◉ Following injury to a peripheral neuron, chromatolysis occurs,
which is: Answer: b. breakup of the Nissl bodies.
◉ Cerebrospinal fluid normally circulates in the: Answer: c.
subarachnoid space.
◉ The part of a spinal nerve that contains only efferent fibers is the:
Answer: b. ventral root.
◉ The nerve that stimulates the diaphragm to contract arises from
the: Answer: a. cervical plexus.
◉ Spinal nerves emerge from the vertebral column via: Answer: c.
intervertebral foramina.
,◉ The highly vascular, innermost layer of the meninges is the:
Answer: c. pia mater.
◉ Ascending tracts contain: Answer: b. sensory neurons.
◉ Efferent neurons transmit impulses from: Answer: a. the CNS to
effectors.
◉ Neuroglia in the central nervous system that produce the myelin
sheath are the: Answer: b. oligodendrocytes.
◉ Nissl bodies are: Answer: b. clusters of rough ER in the cell body.
◉ The function of Schwann cells is to: Answer: a. form the myelin
sheaths of neurons in the PNS
◉ ALL of the following are TRUE concerning action potentials
EXCEPT: Answer: a. according to the all-or-none principle, all action
potentials fired by a given neuron are of the same amplitude.
◉ The term saltatory conduction refers to: Answer: a. "leaping" of an
action potential across a synapse.
, ◉ The voltage across a neuron's membrane has changed from its
resting potential of -70mV to -60mV. Which of the following is most
likely to be TRUE regarding this situation? Answer: a. The
membrane has bound an excitatory neurotransmitter.
◉ The spinothalamic tracts convey: Answer: c. sensory impulses
regarding discriminative touch.
◉ Voluntary skeletal muscle movements are stimulated via the:
Answer: c. corticospinal tracts.
◉ ALL of the following would be examples of autonomic reflexes
EXCEPT: Answer: d. contraction of the quadriceps femoris when the
patellar tendon is stretched.
◉ The contralateral reflex that helps you maintain your balance
when the flexor reflex is initiated is the: Answer: c. crossed extensor
reflex.
◉ In an adult, curling under of all the toes in response to gentle
stroking of the lateral outer margin of the sole is: Answer: a. normal.
◉ Fine control of body coordination and balance is a function of the:
Answer: a. cerebellum.
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ An neuronal circuit in which one presynaptic neuron stimulates a
group of neurons, each of which then synapses with a common
postsynaptic cell is a: Answer: d. parallel after-discharge circuit.
◉ Following injury to a peripheral neuron, chromatolysis occurs,
which is: Answer: b. breakup of the Nissl bodies.
◉ Cerebrospinal fluid normally circulates in the: Answer: c.
subarachnoid space.
◉ The part of a spinal nerve that contains only efferent fibers is the:
Answer: b. ventral root.
◉ The nerve that stimulates the diaphragm to contract arises from
the: Answer: a. cervical plexus.
◉ Spinal nerves emerge from the vertebral column via: Answer: c.
intervertebral foramina.
,◉ The highly vascular, innermost layer of the meninges is the:
Answer: c. pia mater.
◉ Ascending tracts contain: Answer: b. sensory neurons.
◉ Efferent neurons transmit impulses from: Answer: a. the CNS to
effectors.
◉ Neuroglia in the central nervous system that produce the myelin
sheath are the: Answer: b. oligodendrocytes.
◉ Nissl bodies are: Answer: b. clusters of rough ER in the cell body.
◉ The function of Schwann cells is to: Answer: a. form the myelin
sheaths of neurons in the PNS
◉ ALL of the following are TRUE concerning action potentials
EXCEPT: Answer: a. according to the all-or-none principle, all action
potentials fired by a given neuron are of the same amplitude.
◉ The term saltatory conduction refers to: Answer: a. "leaping" of an
action potential across a synapse.
, ◉ The voltage across a neuron's membrane has changed from its
resting potential of -70mV to -60mV. Which of the following is most
likely to be TRUE regarding this situation? Answer: a. The
membrane has bound an excitatory neurotransmitter.
◉ The spinothalamic tracts convey: Answer: c. sensory impulses
regarding discriminative touch.
◉ Voluntary skeletal muscle movements are stimulated via the:
Answer: c. corticospinal tracts.
◉ ALL of the following would be examples of autonomic reflexes
EXCEPT: Answer: d. contraction of the quadriceps femoris when the
patellar tendon is stretched.
◉ The contralateral reflex that helps you maintain your balance
when the flexor reflex is initiated is the: Answer: c. crossed extensor
reflex.
◉ In an adult, curling under of all the toes in response to gentle
stroking of the lateral outer margin of the sole is: Answer: a. normal.
◉ Fine control of body coordination and balance is a function of the:
Answer: a. cerebellum.
