TCU pathophysiology exam
(Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer
150+
Key Solutions
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Question 1
Mendelian Inheritance
Correct Answer
Rules governing expression of a single gene or monogenic traits
Question 2
mendelian traits
Correct Answer
Traits caused by a single gene
Question 3
aneuploidy
Correct Answer
a somatic cell that does not contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes
Question 4
nondisjunction
Correct Answer
failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis or mitosis
usually the cause of aneuploidy
Question 5
trisomy
Correct Answer
having an extra copy of one chromosome (3 instead of 2)
more common with advanced maternal age (>35 years old)
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 1 of 25
,Question 6
monosomy
Correct Answer
involves missing a copy of one chromosome
more common with advanced maternal age (>35 years old)
Question 7
mutation
Correct Answer
an alteration in the base sequence for DNA or RNA
can be spontaneous, environmentally linked, or inherited
Question 8
any type of mutation can result in
Correct Answer
a non-functional protein or one with reduced function
Question 9
substitutions can have 3 different effects on protein synthesis
Correct Answer
silent, missense, nonsense
Question 10
silent mutation
Correct Answer
does not change protein function
Question 11
missense mutation
Correct Answer
usually reduces protein function
Question 12
nonsense mutation
Correct Answer
often eliminates protein function
Question 13
a point mutation with an insertion or a deletion of a number of bases not divisible by 3
Correct Answer
results in frameshift mutation
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 25
, Question 14
frameshift point mutation
Correct Answer
everything shifts to the left or right depending on if something is added or taken away
Question 15
substitution point mutation
Correct Answer
substituting one letter with another. The final message is similar but not identical
Question 16
triplet deletion point mutation
Correct Answer
deleting a 3 letter triplet in the original message. The final message is similar but not identical
Question 17
triplet insertion point mutation
Correct Answer
inserting a 3 letter triplet in the original message. The final message is similar but not identical
Question 18
(pedigree symbols) circle
Correct Answer
normal female
Question 19
(pedigree symbols) square
Correct Answer
normal male
Question 20
(pedigree symbols) diamond
Correct Answer
fetus or embryo with an unknown sex
usually will be a small symbol if this resulted in pregnancy loss
Question 21
(pedigree symbols) single bar between
Correct Answer
mating
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 25
(Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer
150+
Key Solutions
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Question 1
Mendelian Inheritance
Correct Answer
Rules governing expression of a single gene or monogenic traits
Question 2
mendelian traits
Correct Answer
Traits caused by a single gene
Question 3
aneuploidy
Correct Answer
a somatic cell that does not contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes
Question 4
nondisjunction
Correct Answer
failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis or mitosis
usually the cause of aneuploidy
Question 5
trisomy
Correct Answer
having an extra copy of one chromosome (3 instead of 2)
more common with advanced maternal age (>35 years old)
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 1 of 25
,Question 6
monosomy
Correct Answer
involves missing a copy of one chromosome
more common with advanced maternal age (>35 years old)
Question 7
mutation
Correct Answer
an alteration in the base sequence for DNA or RNA
can be spontaneous, environmentally linked, or inherited
Question 8
any type of mutation can result in
Correct Answer
a non-functional protein or one with reduced function
Question 9
substitutions can have 3 different effects on protein synthesis
Correct Answer
silent, missense, nonsense
Question 10
silent mutation
Correct Answer
does not change protein function
Question 11
missense mutation
Correct Answer
usually reduces protein function
Question 12
nonsense mutation
Correct Answer
often eliminates protein function
Question 13
a point mutation with an insertion or a deletion of a number of bases not divisible by 3
Correct Answer
results in frameshift mutation
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 25
, Question 14
frameshift point mutation
Correct Answer
everything shifts to the left or right depending on if something is added or taken away
Question 15
substitution point mutation
Correct Answer
substituting one letter with another. The final message is similar but not identical
Question 16
triplet deletion point mutation
Correct Answer
deleting a 3 letter triplet in the original message. The final message is similar but not identical
Question 17
triplet insertion point mutation
Correct Answer
inserting a 3 letter triplet in the original message. The final message is similar but not identical
Question 18
(pedigree symbols) circle
Correct Answer
normal female
Question 19
(pedigree symbols) square
Correct Answer
normal male
Question 20
(pedigree symbols) diamond
Correct Answer
fetus or embryo with an unknown sex
usually will be a small symbol if this resulted in pregnancy loss
Question 21
(pedigree symbols) single bar between
Correct Answer
mating
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 25
