Pmhnp Exam Reported Questions
Testbank Graded A+
1. What is dissemination?
a) Publishing research in a medical journal
b) Getting the research information out to those who need to know it
c) Presenting findings at a national conference
d) Discussing research with colleagues in a journal club
Answer: b) Getting the research information out to those who need to know it
Explanation: Dissemination refers to the targeted distribution of information and
intervention materials to a specific public health or clinical practice audience. The intent
is to spread knowledge and the associated evidence-based interventions. While
publication and presentations are methods of dissemination, the core definition is
getting the information to those who need it.
2. What does a 17 on MMSE mean?
a) Mild cognitive impairment
b) Normal cognitive function
c) Severe cognitive impairment
d) Moderate cognitive impairment
Answer: d) Moderate cognitive impairment
Explanation: The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a 30-point questionnaire
used to measure cognitive impairment. Scores of 25-30 are generally considered
,normal. The document specifies that a score of 17 falls within the 10-21 range, which
indicates moderate cognitive impairment.
3. What is Tegretol in the CYP450 system?
a) Inhibitor
b) Substrate
c) Inducer
d) Agonist
Answer: c) Inducer
Explanation: Carbamazepine (Tegretol) is a potent inducer of the cytochrome P450
enzyme system, particularly the CYP3A4 isoenzyme. This means it increases the
metabolic activity of these enzymes, leading to decreased serum levels of other drugs
metabolized by the same pathway, such as lamotrigine (Lamictal) and oral
contraceptives.
4. What do BCP's do to Lamictal?
a) Increase the effectiveness of Lamictal
b) Have no effect on Lamictal levels
c) Decrease the dose/level of Lamictal (Inducer effect)
d) Cause toxicity of Lamictal
Answer: c) Decrease the dose/level of Lamictal (Inducer effect)
Explanation: Birth control pills (BCPs) containing estrogen can induce the metabolism
of lamotrigine (Lamictal). This induction leads to reduced serum lamotrigine levels,
,potentially decreasing its therapeutic effectiveness and often requiring a dose
adjustment when starting or stopping hormonal contraceptives.
5. What is a Type I research error?
a) Saying there is a difference when there is NO difference
b) Saying there is NO difference when there IS a difference
c) Using the wrong statistical test for the data
d) Having a sample that is too small to detect an effect
Answer: a) Saying there is a difference when there is NO difference
Explanation: A Type I error, also known as a "false positive," occurs when a researcher
rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true. In simpler terms, it means the study
concludes that a treatment or intervention has an effect when, in reality, it does not. The
document states it as: "There IS a difference but you say there isn't a difference."
6. What is a Type II research error?
a) Saying there is a difference when there is NO difference
b) Saying there is NO difference when there IS a difference
c) Incorrectly measuring the study outcomes
d) Failing to randomize study participants
Answer: b) Saying there is NO difference when there IS a difference
Explanation: A Type II error, or "false negative," occurs when a researcher fails to reject
a null hypothesis that is false. This means the study concludes there is no significant
effect or difference when, in reality, one exists. The document defines it as: "There is NO
difference but you say there is a difference."
, 7. What is pseudo-dementia?
a) Dementia that progresses rapidly over a few months
b) Cognitive impairment secondary to depression that clears when treated
c) A type of dementia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency
d) The early stage of Alzheimer's disease before symptoms are severe
Answer: b) Cognitive impairment secondary to depression that clears when treated
Explanation: Pseudo-dementia refers to a condition where cognitive impairments (like
memory loss, difficulty concentrating) resemble those of a progressive dementia but are
actually caused by an underlying psychiatric condition, most commonly major
depressive disorder in the elderly. As the document notes, unlike true dementia, these
cognitive deficits are reversible with effective treatment of the depression.
8. Is it normal for a 1 month old to have a palmar grasp?
a) No, this reflex should disappear by 2 weeks of age
b) Yes
c) No, this indicates a potential neurological problem
d) Only if the infant was born prematurely
Answer: b) Yes
Explanation: The palmar grasp reflex is a primitive and involuntary reflex found in
infants. When an object or finger is placed in an infant's palm and strokes it, the infant's
fingers will automatically close around it. This reflex is present at birth and is a normal
finding in a 1-month-old, typically persisting until about 5 to 6 months of age.
Testbank Graded A+
1. What is dissemination?
a) Publishing research in a medical journal
b) Getting the research information out to those who need to know it
c) Presenting findings at a national conference
d) Discussing research with colleagues in a journal club
Answer: b) Getting the research information out to those who need to know it
Explanation: Dissemination refers to the targeted distribution of information and
intervention materials to a specific public health or clinical practice audience. The intent
is to spread knowledge and the associated evidence-based interventions. While
publication and presentations are methods of dissemination, the core definition is
getting the information to those who need it.
2. What does a 17 on MMSE mean?
a) Mild cognitive impairment
b) Normal cognitive function
c) Severe cognitive impairment
d) Moderate cognitive impairment
Answer: d) Moderate cognitive impairment
Explanation: The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a 30-point questionnaire
used to measure cognitive impairment. Scores of 25-30 are generally considered
,normal. The document specifies that a score of 17 falls within the 10-21 range, which
indicates moderate cognitive impairment.
3. What is Tegretol in the CYP450 system?
a) Inhibitor
b) Substrate
c) Inducer
d) Agonist
Answer: c) Inducer
Explanation: Carbamazepine (Tegretol) is a potent inducer of the cytochrome P450
enzyme system, particularly the CYP3A4 isoenzyme. This means it increases the
metabolic activity of these enzymes, leading to decreased serum levels of other drugs
metabolized by the same pathway, such as lamotrigine (Lamictal) and oral
contraceptives.
4. What do BCP's do to Lamictal?
a) Increase the effectiveness of Lamictal
b) Have no effect on Lamictal levels
c) Decrease the dose/level of Lamictal (Inducer effect)
d) Cause toxicity of Lamictal
Answer: c) Decrease the dose/level of Lamictal (Inducer effect)
Explanation: Birth control pills (BCPs) containing estrogen can induce the metabolism
of lamotrigine (Lamictal). This induction leads to reduced serum lamotrigine levels,
,potentially decreasing its therapeutic effectiveness and often requiring a dose
adjustment when starting or stopping hormonal contraceptives.
5. What is a Type I research error?
a) Saying there is a difference when there is NO difference
b) Saying there is NO difference when there IS a difference
c) Using the wrong statistical test for the data
d) Having a sample that is too small to detect an effect
Answer: a) Saying there is a difference when there is NO difference
Explanation: A Type I error, also known as a "false positive," occurs when a researcher
rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true. In simpler terms, it means the study
concludes that a treatment or intervention has an effect when, in reality, it does not. The
document states it as: "There IS a difference but you say there isn't a difference."
6. What is a Type II research error?
a) Saying there is a difference when there is NO difference
b) Saying there is NO difference when there IS a difference
c) Incorrectly measuring the study outcomes
d) Failing to randomize study participants
Answer: b) Saying there is NO difference when there IS a difference
Explanation: A Type II error, or "false negative," occurs when a researcher fails to reject
a null hypothesis that is false. This means the study concludes there is no significant
effect or difference when, in reality, one exists. The document defines it as: "There is NO
difference but you say there is a difference."
, 7. What is pseudo-dementia?
a) Dementia that progresses rapidly over a few months
b) Cognitive impairment secondary to depression that clears when treated
c) A type of dementia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency
d) The early stage of Alzheimer's disease before symptoms are severe
Answer: b) Cognitive impairment secondary to depression that clears when treated
Explanation: Pseudo-dementia refers to a condition where cognitive impairments (like
memory loss, difficulty concentrating) resemble those of a progressive dementia but are
actually caused by an underlying psychiatric condition, most commonly major
depressive disorder in the elderly. As the document notes, unlike true dementia, these
cognitive deficits are reversible with effective treatment of the depression.
8. Is it normal for a 1 month old to have a palmar grasp?
a) No, this reflex should disappear by 2 weeks of age
b) Yes
c) No, this indicates a potential neurological problem
d) Only if the infant was born prematurely
Answer: b) Yes
Explanation: The palmar grasp reflex is a primitive and involuntary reflex found in
infants. When an object or finger is placed in an infant's palm and strokes it, the infant's
fingers will automatically close around it. This reflex is present at birth and is a normal
finding in a 1-month-old, typically persisting until about 5 to 6 months of age.
