NRS 6647 Week 1 - Ears/Eyes Chronic Disorders|Cataracts, Lens
Opacification, Senile Cataracts, Congenital Cataracts, Intraocular Lens Implant,
Visual Acuity, Slit Lamp Exam, Glare Test, Tonometry, Open Angle Glaucoma,
Optic Nerve Atrophy, Intraocular Pressure, Peripheral Vision Loss, Visual Field
Testing, Beta-Adrenergic Blockers, Miotics, Laser Surgery, Angle Closure
Glaucoma, Macular Degeneration, Dry AMD, Wet AMD, Intravitreal Injection,
Antioxidant Supplementation, Thermal Laser Photocoagulation, Arcus Senilis,
Hearing Loss, Conductive Hearing Loss, Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Presbycusis,
Ototoxicity, Tinnitus, Tympanometry, Weber-Rinne Test, Hearing Aid
Amplification, Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity, Vestibular Dysfunction Exam
Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest
Updated 2026
Cataracts
Opacification of the lens of the eye
Senile (age related) cataracts: leading cause of blindness world wide
Most common surgical procedure performed under medicare
Diagnostic studies - management cataracts
Visual acuity
Funduscopic exam
Glare test
Dilated eye exam
Slit lamp exam
Tonometry
CT scan
Genetic testing
No pharmacological management but Vitamin support (AREDs)
NON pharm protection of eye:
, Anti-glare sunglasses
Cataract removal with lens implant (IOL)
Congenital cataracts: surgical intervention < 17 weeks of age
Glaucoma
Group of diseases characterized by progressive damage to the optic nerve, resulting in optic nerve
atrophy and blindness, most typically associated with elevated intraocular pressure
Open angle glaucoma (OAG)
accounts for 90-95% of all cases; most common cause of blindness in African-Americans; second leading
cause of blindness in the US, males = females
Asymptomatic
Gradual onset
Increased intraocular pressure (b/l)
Halos around lights
Headaches
Impaired vision at night
Loss of peripheral vision
PE: Notching of optic cup
Risk factors: increased IOP and age; family history; steroid use; >40; DM; myopia; African American
OAG diagnostics and treatment
Tonometry after age 40 at each exam (normal of 10-23 mm Hg)
Corneal inspection (hazy)
Inspect optic nerves: unequal cups or cupping > 30, refer to opthalmologist
Opacification, Senile Cataracts, Congenital Cataracts, Intraocular Lens Implant,
Visual Acuity, Slit Lamp Exam, Glare Test, Tonometry, Open Angle Glaucoma,
Optic Nerve Atrophy, Intraocular Pressure, Peripheral Vision Loss, Visual Field
Testing, Beta-Adrenergic Blockers, Miotics, Laser Surgery, Angle Closure
Glaucoma, Macular Degeneration, Dry AMD, Wet AMD, Intravitreal Injection,
Antioxidant Supplementation, Thermal Laser Photocoagulation, Arcus Senilis,
Hearing Loss, Conductive Hearing Loss, Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Presbycusis,
Ototoxicity, Tinnitus, Tympanometry, Weber-Rinne Test, Hearing Aid
Amplification, Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity, Vestibular Dysfunction Exam
Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest
Updated 2026
Cataracts
Opacification of the lens of the eye
Senile (age related) cataracts: leading cause of blindness world wide
Most common surgical procedure performed under medicare
Diagnostic studies - management cataracts
Visual acuity
Funduscopic exam
Glare test
Dilated eye exam
Slit lamp exam
Tonometry
CT scan
Genetic testing
No pharmacological management but Vitamin support (AREDs)
NON pharm protection of eye:
, Anti-glare sunglasses
Cataract removal with lens implant (IOL)
Congenital cataracts: surgical intervention < 17 weeks of age
Glaucoma
Group of diseases characterized by progressive damage to the optic nerve, resulting in optic nerve
atrophy and blindness, most typically associated with elevated intraocular pressure
Open angle glaucoma (OAG)
accounts for 90-95% of all cases; most common cause of blindness in African-Americans; second leading
cause of blindness in the US, males = females
Asymptomatic
Gradual onset
Increased intraocular pressure (b/l)
Halos around lights
Headaches
Impaired vision at night
Loss of peripheral vision
PE: Notching of optic cup
Risk factors: increased IOP and age; family history; steroid use; >40; DM; myopia; African American
OAG diagnostics and treatment
Tonometry after age 40 at each exam (normal of 10-23 mm Hg)
Corneal inspection (hazy)
Inspect optic nerves: unequal cups or cupping > 30, refer to opthalmologist
