ATI Adult Medical Surgical Nursing
(Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer
330+
Key Solutions
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Question 1
Labs
Correct Answer
liver function tests
tumor marker assays
other
Question 2
Health and Wellness
Correct Answer
Question 3
Emergency Nursing Principles and Management
Correct Answer
Question 4
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS
Correct Answer
Question 5
Meningtis
Correct Answer
Question 6
Seizures and Epilepsy
Correct Answer
Rapid simultaneous firing of neurons in the brain. Abrupt, abnormal, excessive and uncontrolled electrical discharge of
neurons in brain leading to alterations in LOC and/or in motor and sensory ability and/or behavior
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 1 of 84
,Question 7
Risk Factors for Seizures
Correct Answer
- Genetic predisposition
- Acute febrile state (esp infants/children <2yr)
- Head trauma, cerebral edema, brain tumor, hypoxia
- Abrupt cessation of antiepileptic meds
- Infection, exposure to toxins
- Metabolic disorders (alkalosis)
- Acute drug & alcohol w/drawal
- Stroke (most liekly w/in 24hr of stroke)
- Heart disease (older adults)
- Brain tumor (benign - from bulk of tumor; malignant - from decrease in tissue functional ability)
- Hypoxia
- Acute substance withdrawal
- Fluid and electrolyte imbalances (hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, alkalosis)
Question 8
Other triggers
Correct Answer
Triggers (increased physical activity, excessive stress, fatigue, hyperventilation, acute alcohol ingestion, excessive caffeine
intake, exposure to flashing lights, other substances like cocaine, aerosols, and inhaled glue products)
Question 9
[Generalized Seizures]
Correct Answer
Seizure involving both cerebral hemispheres
Can begin with an aura (visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, emotional feeling)
5 different types of generalized seizures
Question 10
1 Tonic Clonic (Grand-Mal) Seizure:
Correct Answer
First few seconds of tonic episode and loss of consciousness (breathing can stop)
1-2 minute clonic episode (breathing can b/c irregular and be accompanied by cyanosis)
- biting of cheek or tongue
- incontinence
- postictal state: confusion/sleepiness
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 84
,Question 11
2 Tonic Seizure
Correct Answer
Only tonic phase
- sudden loss of consciousness
- increase in muscle tone
- autonomic manifestations (arrhythmia, apnea, vomiting, incontinence, salivation)
- 30 s to several minutes
Question 12
3 Clonic Seizure
Correct Answer
Only clonic phase
- several minutes
- muscles contract and relax
Question 13
4 Myoclonic Seizure
Correct Answer
brief jerking or stiffening of the extremities that may occur singly or in groups, lasting for just a few seconds
- symmetrical or asymmetrical
Question 14
5 Atonic or Akinetic Seizure
Correct Answer
muscle tone is lost for a few seconds. A period of confusion follows. Loss of muscle tone frequently results in falling.
Question 15
[Partial or Focal Seizure]
Correct Answer
Involves only one cerebral hemisphere
2 different types
Question 16
1 Complex Partial Seizure
Correct Answer
a partial seizure, starting from a focus and remaining localized, that produces loss of consciousness
- associated automatisms (lip smacking, picking at clothes, eyelids fluttering)
- amnesia prior to or after seizure
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 84
, Question 17
2 Simple Partial Seizure
Correct Answer
Focal seizure in which consciousness is NOT impaired
- unusual sensations
- deja' vu sense
- autonomic abnormalities like change in HR, abnormal flushing, unilateral abnormal extremity mvmts, pain, or offensive
smell
Question 18
[Idiopathic Seizure]
Correct Answer
appears spontaneously and in the absence of other diseases of the central nervous system
No known reason
Question 19
Labs/Diagnostic Tests for Seizures
Correct Answer
Labs
- alcohol levels
- illicit substance levels
- HIV testing
- excessive toxins
Diagnostic Tests
- EEG - origin
- MRI - cause
- CT' - cause
- PET - cause
- CSF analysis - cause
- Skull x-ray - cause
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 4 of 84
(Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer
330+
Key Solutions
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Question 1
Labs
Correct Answer
liver function tests
tumor marker assays
other
Question 2
Health and Wellness
Correct Answer
Question 3
Emergency Nursing Principles and Management
Correct Answer
Question 4
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS
Correct Answer
Question 5
Meningtis
Correct Answer
Question 6
Seizures and Epilepsy
Correct Answer
Rapid simultaneous firing of neurons in the brain. Abrupt, abnormal, excessive and uncontrolled electrical discharge of
neurons in brain leading to alterations in LOC and/or in motor and sensory ability and/or behavior
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 1 of 84
,Question 7
Risk Factors for Seizures
Correct Answer
- Genetic predisposition
- Acute febrile state (esp infants/children <2yr)
- Head trauma, cerebral edema, brain tumor, hypoxia
- Abrupt cessation of antiepileptic meds
- Infection, exposure to toxins
- Metabolic disorders (alkalosis)
- Acute drug & alcohol w/drawal
- Stroke (most liekly w/in 24hr of stroke)
- Heart disease (older adults)
- Brain tumor (benign - from bulk of tumor; malignant - from decrease in tissue functional ability)
- Hypoxia
- Acute substance withdrawal
- Fluid and electrolyte imbalances (hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, alkalosis)
Question 8
Other triggers
Correct Answer
Triggers (increased physical activity, excessive stress, fatigue, hyperventilation, acute alcohol ingestion, excessive caffeine
intake, exposure to flashing lights, other substances like cocaine, aerosols, and inhaled glue products)
Question 9
[Generalized Seizures]
Correct Answer
Seizure involving both cerebral hemispheres
Can begin with an aura (visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, emotional feeling)
5 different types of generalized seizures
Question 10
1 Tonic Clonic (Grand-Mal) Seizure:
Correct Answer
First few seconds of tonic episode and loss of consciousness (breathing can stop)
1-2 minute clonic episode (breathing can b/c irregular and be accompanied by cyanosis)
- biting of cheek or tongue
- incontinence
- postictal state: confusion/sleepiness
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 84
,Question 11
2 Tonic Seizure
Correct Answer
Only tonic phase
- sudden loss of consciousness
- increase in muscle tone
- autonomic manifestations (arrhythmia, apnea, vomiting, incontinence, salivation)
- 30 s to several minutes
Question 12
3 Clonic Seizure
Correct Answer
Only clonic phase
- several minutes
- muscles contract and relax
Question 13
4 Myoclonic Seizure
Correct Answer
brief jerking or stiffening of the extremities that may occur singly or in groups, lasting for just a few seconds
- symmetrical or asymmetrical
Question 14
5 Atonic or Akinetic Seizure
Correct Answer
muscle tone is lost for a few seconds. A period of confusion follows. Loss of muscle tone frequently results in falling.
Question 15
[Partial or Focal Seizure]
Correct Answer
Involves only one cerebral hemisphere
2 different types
Question 16
1 Complex Partial Seizure
Correct Answer
a partial seizure, starting from a focus and remaining localized, that produces loss of consciousness
- associated automatisms (lip smacking, picking at clothes, eyelids fluttering)
- amnesia prior to or after seizure
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 84
, Question 17
2 Simple Partial Seizure
Correct Answer
Focal seizure in which consciousness is NOT impaired
- unusual sensations
- deja' vu sense
- autonomic abnormalities like change in HR, abnormal flushing, unilateral abnormal extremity mvmts, pain, or offensive
smell
Question 18
[Idiopathic Seizure]
Correct Answer
appears spontaneously and in the absence of other diseases of the central nervous system
No known reason
Question 19
Labs/Diagnostic Tests for Seizures
Correct Answer
Labs
- alcohol levels
- illicit substance levels
- HIV testing
- excessive toxins
Diagnostic Tests
- EEG - origin
- MRI - cause
- CT' - cause
- PET - cause
- CSF analysis - cause
- Skull x-ray - cause
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 4 of 84