PORTH’S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 10TH
EDITION NORRIS TEST BANK
, Ch 1- Concepts of Health and Disease
1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focused
on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following comments
,1. As part of a community class, student nurses are developing a class to teach expectant
parents the importance of having their child properly secured in a child safety seat.
During the class, the students are going to have a safety officer examine the car seats
that the parents have installed in their vehicles. This is an example of which type of
prevention?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Prognosis enhancement Ans: A Feedback:
Primary prevention is directed at keeping disease from occurring by removing risk
factors. Some primary prevention is mandated by law, like child safety seats. Secondary
prevention focuses on screening and early disease identification, whereas tertiary
prevention is directed at interventions to prevent complications of a disease.
2. A multidisciplinary health care team operates a program aimed at the prevention,
identification, and treatment of diabetes on a large Indian reservation. Which of the
following aspects of the program would be most likely to be classified as secondary
prevention?
A) Regularly scheduled wound dressing changes for clients who have foot ulcers
secondary to peripheral neuropathy and impaired wound healing
B) Teaching school children how a nutritious, traditional diet can lessen their
chances of developing adult-onset diabetes
C) Staffing a booth where community residents who are attending a baseball
tournament can have their blood glucose levels checked
D) Administering oral antihyperglycemic medications to clients who have a
diagnosis of diabetes
Ans: C Feedback:
Secondary prevention focuses on screening and early disease identification, such as
checking the blood glucose levels of a large number of individuals to identify potential
cases of diabetes. Wound treatment and medication administration would be considered
tertiary interventions, and education would be considered primary prevention.
3. An occupational therapist conducts a group therapy program called MindWorks with
older adults who have diagnoses of dementia and Alzheimer disease. The goal of the
group is to slow the cognitive decline of clients by engaging them in regular, organized
mental activity such as readinNgUmRaSpsIaNnGd TsoBlv.inCgOpMuzzles. How
would the program most likely be characterized?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Prognosis enhancement Ans: C Feedback:
Interventions aimed at slowing the course of an already-diagnosed disease characterize
tertiary prevention.
4. The clinical educator of a hospital medical unit has the mandate of establishing
evidence-based practice guidelines for the nursing care on the unit. Which of the
following statements most accurately captures a guiding principle of the nurse's task?
A) Evidence-based practice guidelines will be rooted in research rather than nurses'
subjective practice preferences and experiences.
B) Guidelines are synonymous with systematic research reviews.
, C) The need for continuity and standardization of guidelines will mean that they will
be fixed rather than changeable.
D) The guidelines will combine individual expertise with external systematic
evidence. Ans: D Feedback:
Evidence-based guidelines are a result of the combination of empirical, published
evidence and the expertise of accomplished practitioners. They are not the same as
systematic reviews of the literature, and they are fluid and modifiable in the face of new
evidence.
EDITION NORRIS TEST BANK
, Ch 1- Concepts of Health and Disease
1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focused
on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following comments
,1. As part of a community class, student nurses are developing a class to teach expectant
parents the importance of having their child properly secured in a child safety seat.
During the class, the students are going to have a safety officer examine the car seats
that the parents have installed in their vehicles. This is an example of which type of
prevention?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Prognosis enhancement Ans: A Feedback:
Primary prevention is directed at keeping disease from occurring by removing risk
factors. Some primary prevention is mandated by law, like child safety seats. Secondary
prevention focuses on screening and early disease identification, whereas tertiary
prevention is directed at interventions to prevent complications of a disease.
2. A multidisciplinary health care team operates a program aimed at the prevention,
identification, and treatment of diabetes on a large Indian reservation. Which of the
following aspects of the program would be most likely to be classified as secondary
prevention?
A) Regularly scheduled wound dressing changes for clients who have foot ulcers
secondary to peripheral neuropathy and impaired wound healing
B) Teaching school children how a nutritious, traditional diet can lessen their
chances of developing adult-onset diabetes
C) Staffing a booth where community residents who are attending a baseball
tournament can have their blood glucose levels checked
D) Administering oral antihyperglycemic medications to clients who have a
diagnosis of diabetes
Ans: C Feedback:
Secondary prevention focuses on screening and early disease identification, such as
checking the blood glucose levels of a large number of individuals to identify potential
cases of diabetes. Wound treatment and medication administration would be considered
tertiary interventions, and education would be considered primary prevention.
3. An occupational therapist conducts a group therapy program called MindWorks with
older adults who have diagnoses of dementia and Alzheimer disease. The goal of the
group is to slow the cognitive decline of clients by engaging them in regular, organized
mental activity such as readinNgUmRaSpsIaNnGd TsoBlv.inCgOpMuzzles. How
would the program most likely be characterized?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Prognosis enhancement Ans: C Feedback:
Interventions aimed at slowing the course of an already-diagnosed disease characterize
tertiary prevention.
4. The clinical educator of a hospital medical unit has the mandate of establishing
evidence-based practice guidelines for the nursing care on the unit. Which of the
following statements most accurately captures a guiding principle of the nurse's task?
A) Evidence-based practice guidelines will be rooted in research rather than nurses'
subjective practice preferences and experiences.
B) Guidelines are synonymous with systematic research reviews.
, C) The need for continuity and standardization of guidelines will mean that they will
be fixed rather than changeable.
D) The guidelines will combine individual expertise with external systematic
evidence. Ans: D Feedback:
Evidence-based guidelines are a result of the combination of empirical, published
evidence and the expertise of accomplished practitioners. They are not the same as
systematic reviews of the literature, and they are fluid and modifiable in the face of new
evidence.
