NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology- Questions with COMPLETE Solutions 95+ (Latest Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer Key Solutions

NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology-
Questions with COMPLETE Solutions
(Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer
95+
Key Solutions


VERIFIED ANSWERS


Question 1
How does blood flow through the heart?
Correct Answer
Deoxygenated venous blood → Sup. Vena Cava → Right Atrium →Tricuspid (AV) →Empties into R. Ventricle (& it contracts)
→ Blood ejected through Pulmonary Valve → Pulmonary Artery → Lungs to be Oxygenated → Pulmonary Veins → L.
Atrium → Mitral (AV) → L. Ventricle (pumps with each contraction) → Aortic Valve → Aorta → Body


Question 2
What is systole?
Correct Answer
Contraction of the heart which pumps blood


Question 3
Diastole
Correct Answer
Relaxation of the heart


Question 4
What produces S1 and S2 sound?
Correct Answer
closing of the heart valves


Question 5
What produces S1?
Correct Answer
The mitral and tricuspid valves which close in systole


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,Question 6
What produces S2 sound?
Correct Answer
The closing of the aortic and pulmonic valves in diastole


Question 7
What is cardiac output?
Correct Answer
the volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle per minute


Question 8
What is stroke volume?
Correct Answer
amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle with contraction


Question 9
What determines cardiac output?

Correct Answer
stroke volume and heart rate


Question 10
What is preload?
Correct Answer
the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts, related to ventricular filling, end diastolic pressure, amount of blood
entering the ventricle during diastole


Question 11
What is afterload?
Correct Answer
resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood


Question 12
What is contractility?
Correct Answer
Normal ability of muscle to contract at a given force for a given stretch. It is independent of preload/afterload


Question 13
Will sustained tachycardia result in increased or decreased stroke volume?
Correct Answer
Decreased



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, Question 14
What conditions can result in decreased contractility?
Correct Answer
Ischemia, acidosis, cardiomyopathy


Question 15
What can cause increase afterload?
Correct Answer
HTN, pulmonary disease, damage to the aortic valve


Question 16
What has the most immediate effect on afterload?
Correct Answer
HTN


Question 17
Why would hemorrhaging cause decreased afterload?
Correct Answer
Decreased volume of blood creates less resistance


Question 18
What does increased preload do to stroke volume?
Correct Answer
Increases stroke volume, over time the body will be unable to compensate however


Question 19
What can cause a decreased preload?
Correct Answer
Hemorrhage, dehydration...anything that causes reduced blood volume


Question 20
What side of the heart is affected by cor-pulmonale?
Correct Answer
Right (AKA Right sided HF)


Question 21
What is cor-pulmonale?
Correct Answer
is defined as right ventricular hypertrophy with eventual RV failure resulting from pulmonary HTN, secondary to
pulmonary disease. Causes dilation (stretching) of the right ventricle causes a back up of blood flow, and hypertrophy of
cardiac cells


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