NURS 5050 Test 2 Study Guide Questions With
Complete Solutions
Newborn physical changes - ANSWER neonates lose up to 10% of birth weight in first
few days, regaining a few weeks later. Newborns have lanugo, cyanosis (hands and
feet), protuberant stomach. Fontanelles palpable at birth, start to close. Reflexes
include blinking, startling, sucking, rooting, grasping, yawning, coughing, sneezing,
swallowing, palmar grasp, plantar grasp.
infant physical changes - ANSWER size increases rapidly, vision and hearing develop,
patterns of body function stabilize. some reflexes remain but others disappear. motor
development cephalocaudal and proximodistal. gross motor skills develop, by 4 months
most can hold their heads up.
toddler physical changes - ANSWER toddler grows 7.5cm and 4.5-6.5lbs/yr. rapid
development of motor skills, walks in upright position. locomotion proceed from
waddling to running, jumping, kicking. fine motor skills include scribbling, drawing,
stacking small tower of blocks, holding crayons, feeding themselves,
pre-school physical changes - ANSWER gains 4.5-6.5lbs and 6.5-9cm per year. gross
and fine motor skills develop, by age 5 can jump rope, skip, copy drawing shapes.
school age physical development - ANSWER rates of growth slow and consistent, many
double their weight and most girls exceed boys in height. coordination improves, basic
gross motor skills mastered. fine motor skills improve, most children able to hold pencil
correctly, by age 12 able to draw detailed drawings and write sentences. personal
needs and hygiene become the childs responsibility. childs posture improves, visual and
hearing problems become more noticeable if present.
adolescent physical changes - ANSWER -increased growth rate of skeleton, muscle, and
viscera
-secondary sex characteristics
-arm/facial hair in males
,-breast buds in females
peak height and weight gain in girls is around 12 yo, 14 in boys.
cognitive changes newborn - ANSWER • Cognitive changes:
• Touch: Sensitive to touch on mouth, palms and soles, Highly sensitive to pain
• Hearing: Can hear sound at birth, Sensitive to voices, hearing test at birth
• Vision, Visual structures in the eyes not fully formed, limited acuity, tract movement
and monitor environment
• Taste and Smell, Prefer sweet tastes & have odour preferences at birth, Can identify
mother through smell
Innate reflexes present, they initiate learn behaviors, able to focus on objects 8-10in
away from their face, crying is communication.
infant cognitive changes - ANSWER -Development of vision, hearing, and touch
-Language and memory development
Senses mature, brain learns to interpret stimuli, learns through experience and
manipulating environment. Object permanence learned, memory improves. Crying,
cooing, laughing. Comprehension of simple commands. By 1 year, able to say 3-5 words
and recognize name.
toddler cognitive changes - ANSWER memory and language, seperation anxiety from
mom and dad
Remember events more easily, begin to put thoughts into words at 2yo. Recognize
individualism, unable to view another's perspective. Symbols represent objects. Imitate
behavior of another. 24mo has 300 word vocabulary, speaks in 2-word sentences. By
36mo, child can use simple sentences and learn 5-6 new words a day.
, Whitney realizes that Shauna is still growing through adolescence. Which of the
following is Shauna going through at this stage of her life?
A. Feeling of being in love
B. Being accepted by peers
C. Rich fantasy life
D. Difficulty in asking for help
E. Conflicts with parents over independence - ANSWER A
B
D
E
Whitney wants to make sure that Shauna is getting prenatal teaching. Which of the
following is important for Whitney to tell Shauna?
A. Lack of prenatal care can lead to a low-birth-weight baby or other problems.
B. Infants of teen mothers are at increased risk of prematurity.
C. Healthy nutrition during pregnancy is important for a healthy baby.
D. Smoking and alcohol consumption can increase the risk of harm to the fetus. -
ANSWER all of the above
Shauna visits Whitney 2 weeks after she delivered a 6-lb baby boy. Whitney notices that
Shauna holds the baby at a distance from her. Which of the following is appropriate for
Whitney to explain to Shauna regarding this behavior?
A. A newborn can only focus on objects 8 to 10 inches away from their faces.
B. You are not holding the baby right.
C. Newborns would rather not be held close to the body.
D. Sensory stimulation promotes cognitive development to a newborn. - ANSWER A
Complete Solutions
Newborn physical changes - ANSWER neonates lose up to 10% of birth weight in first
few days, regaining a few weeks later. Newborns have lanugo, cyanosis (hands and
feet), protuberant stomach. Fontanelles palpable at birth, start to close. Reflexes
include blinking, startling, sucking, rooting, grasping, yawning, coughing, sneezing,
swallowing, palmar grasp, plantar grasp.
infant physical changes - ANSWER size increases rapidly, vision and hearing develop,
patterns of body function stabilize. some reflexes remain but others disappear. motor
development cephalocaudal and proximodistal. gross motor skills develop, by 4 months
most can hold their heads up.
toddler physical changes - ANSWER toddler grows 7.5cm and 4.5-6.5lbs/yr. rapid
development of motor skills, walks in upright position. locomotion proceed from
waddling to running, jumping, kicking. fine motor skills include scribbling, drawing,
stacking small tower of blocks, holding crayons, feeding themselves,
pre-school physical changes - ANSWER gains 4.5-6.5lbs and 6.5-9cm per year. gross
and fine motor skills develop, by age 5 can jump rope, skip, copy drawing shapes.
school age physical development - ANSWER rates of growth slow and consistent, many
double their weight and most girls exceed boys in height. coordination improves, basic
gross motor skills mastered. fine motor skills improve, most children able to hold pencil
correctly, by age 12 able to draw detailed drawings and write sentences. personal
needs and hygiene become the childs responsibility. childs posture improves, visual and
hearing problems become more noticeable if present.
adolescent physical changes - ANSWER -increased growth rate of skeleton, muscle, and
viscera
-secondary sex characteristics
-arm/facial hair in males
,-breast buds in females
peak height and weight gain in girls is around 12 yo, 14 in boys.
cognitive changes newborn - ANSWER • Cognitive changes:
• Touch: Sensitive to touch on mouth, palms and soles, Highly sensitive to pain
• Hearing: Can hear sound at birth, Sensitive to voices, hearing test at birth
• Vision, Visual structures in the eyes not fully formed, limited acuity, tract movement
and monitor environment
• Taste and Smell, Prefer sweet tastes & have odour preferences at birth, Can identify
mother through smell
Innate reflexes present, they initiate learn behaviors, able to focus on objects 8-10in
away from their face, crying is communication.
infant cognitive changes - ANSWER -Development of vision, hearing, and touch
-Language and memory development
Senses mature, brain learns to interpret stimuli, learns through experience and
manipulating environment. Object permanence learned, memory improves. Crying,
cooing, laughing. Comprehension of simple commands. By 1 year, able to say 3-5 words
and recognize name.
toddler cognitive changes - ANSWER memory and language, seperation anxiety from
mom and dad
Remember events more easily, begin to put thoughts into words at 2yo. Recognize
individualism, unable to view another's perspective. Symbols represent objects. Imitate
behavior of another. 24mo has 300 word vocabulary, speaks in 2-word sentences. By
36mo, child can use simple sentences and learn 5-6 new words a day.
, Whitney realizes that Shauna is still growing through adolescence. Which of the
following is Shauna going through at this stage of her life?
A. Feeling of being in love
B. Being accepted by peers
C. Rich fantasy life
D. Difficulty in asking for help
E. Conflicts with parents over independence - ANSWER A
B
D
E
Whitney wants to make sure that Shauna is getting prenatal teaching. Which of the
following is important for Whitney to tell Shauna?
A. Lack of prenatal care can lead to a low-birth-weight baby or other problems.
B. Infants of teen mothers are at increased risk of prematurity.
C. Healthy nutrition during pregnancy is important for a healthy baby.
D. Smoking and alcohol consumption can increase the risk of harm to the fetus. -
ANSWER all of the above
Shauna visits Whitney 2 weeks after she delivered a 6-lb baby boy. Whitney notices that
Shauna holds the baby at a distance from her. Which of the following is appropriate for
Whitney to explain to Shauna regarding this behavior?
A. A newborn can only focus on objects 8 to 10 inches away from their faces.
B. You are not holding the baby right.
C. Newborns would rather not be held close to the body.
D. Sensory stimulation promotes cognitive development to a newborn. - ANSWER A
