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Ngr 6172 Final Script 2026 Questions With Solutions Graded A+

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NGR 6172 FINAL SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+

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NGR 6172 FINAL SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+

>> Acid-Base Balance
Answer: pH 7.35–7.45


>> Acidosis
Answer: pH < 7.35


>> Alkalosis
Answer: pH > 7.45


>> Respiratory Acidosis
Answer: ↑ PaCO■


>> Respiratory Alkalosis
Answer: ↓ PaCO■


>> Metabolic Acidosis
Answer: ↓ HCO■■


>> Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: ↑ HCO■■


>> Compensation
Answer: Lungs or kidneys adjust

, >> Anion Gap
Answer: Na■ − (Cl■ + HCO■■)


>> High Anion Gap Acidosis
Answer: MUDPILES (methanol, uremia, DKA, paraldehyde, isoniazid,
lactic acidosis, ethylene glycol, salicylates)


>> Normal Anion Gap Acidosis
Answer: HARDUP (hyperalimentation, acetazolamide, renal tubular
acidosis, diarrhea, uretero-sigmoidostomy, pancreatic fistula)


>> Buffer Systems
Answer: Bicarbonate, hemoglobin, phosphate


>> Bicarbonate Buffer
Answer: Primary extracellular


>> Hemoglobin Buffer
Answer: Intracellular


>> Renal Compensation
Answer: H■ excretion, HCO■■ reabsorption/generation


>> Respiratory Compensation
Answer: Adjust ventilation


>> Kussmaul Breathing
Answer: Deep, rapid (metabolic acidosis)


>> Shock

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