EDF 6225 exam 1 with complete solutions EDF 6225 exam 1 with complete solutions
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
2026 2026
2. EMPIRICISM
3. EXPERIMENTATION
science - ANSWER-Systematic approach for seeking & organizing knowledge about the 4. REPLICATION
natural world 5. PARSIMONY
6. PHILOSOPHIC DOUBT
purpose of science - ANSWER-◦To achieve a thorough understanding of the
phenomena under study determinism - ANSWER-- Assumption upon which science is predicted
- Presumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena
ABA seeks to - ANSWER-discover the real truths (not those held by certain groups, occur as the result of other events
organizations, etc.) - Events do not just occur at will
- Events are related in systematic ways
Three different types of investigations provide different levels of understanding -
ANSWER-1. description empiricism - ANSWER-- Practice of objective observation of phenomena of interest
2. prediction - What all scientific knowledge is built upon
3. control - "Objective" is the key to gaining a better understanding of what is being studied
description - ANSWER-◦Collection of facts about observed events that can be experimentation - ANSWER-- Basic strategy in most sciences
quantified, classified, & examined for possible relations with other known facts - Experiment:
◦Often suggests hypotheses or questions for additional research ◦Controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomenon of interest (dependent
variable) under two of more different conditions in which only one factor at a time
prediction - ANSWER-◦Relative probability that when one event occurs, another event (independent variable) differs from one condition to another
will or will not occur
◦Based on repeated observation revealing relationships between various events replication - ANSWER-- The repetition of experiments to determine the reliability and
◦Demonstrates correlation between events usefulness of findings
◦No causal relationships can be interpreted - Includes the repetition of independent variable conditions within experiments
◦Enables preparation - Method for which mistakes are discovered
control - ANSWER-◦Highest level of scientific understanding parsimony - ANSWER-- The idea that simple, logical explanations must be ruled out,
◦Functional relations can be derived experimentally or conceptually, before more complex or abstract explanations are
Specific change in one event (dependent variable).... considered
Can reliably be produced by specific manipulations of another event (independent - Help scientists fit findings within the field's existing knowledge base
variable)...
And the change in the dependent variable was unlikely to be the result of other philosophical doubt - ANSWER-- The continuous questioning of the truthfulness and
extraneous factors (confounding variables) validity of all scientific theory and knowledge
◦Events can only really be "co-related" - Involves the use of scientific evidence before implementing a new practice, then
Nearly impossible to factor out all other possible "causes" constantly monitoring the effectiveness of the practice after its implementation
attitudes of science - ANSWER-- Definition of science lies within the behavior of science relies on - ANSWER-determinism as its fundamental assumption
scientists, not the instruments or materials they use
- Only known as science due to an overriding idea of "scientific method" science's prime directive = - ANSWER-empiricism
- Fundamental assumptions about the nature of events
science's basic strategy - ANSWER-experimentation
6 attitudes of science - ANSWER-1. DETERMINISM
, EDF 6225 exam 1 with complete solutions EDF 6225 exam 1 with complete solutions
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
2026 2026
science's requirement for believability - ANSWER-replication ◦Behaviors that are influenced by stimulus changes that have followed the behavior in
the past
science's conservative value - ANSWER-parsimony
EAB outlined specific methodology for its practice - ANSWER-- The rate or frequency of
science's guiding conscience - ANSWER-philosophical doubt response is the most common dependent variable
- Repeated or continuous measurement is made of carefully defined response classes
behavior analysis is composed of 3 major branches - ANSWER-1. behaviorism - Within-subject experimental comparisons are used instead of designs comparing the
2. experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) behavior of experimental & control groups
3. ABA - Visual analysis of graphed data is preferred over statistical inference
- A description of functional relations is valued over formal theory testing
behaviorism - ANSWER-philosophy of the science of behavior
radical behaviorism - ANSWER-Attempts to explain all behavior, including private
EAB - ANSWER-basic research behavior (e.g. thinking & feeling
ABA - ANSWER-- Development of a technology for improving behavior methodological behaviorism - ANSWER-A philosophical position that views behavioral
- Can only be understood in the context of the philosophy & basic research traditions & events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm of science.
findings
mentalism - ANSWER-◦Approach to understanding behavior that assumes that a mental
recognized as moving the field of psychology in a new direction - ANSWER-watson or "inner" dimension exists that differs from a behavioral dimension & that phenomena
in this dimension either directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behavior
Watson argued that - ANSWER-subject matter for psychology should be the study of ◦Relies on hypothetical constructs and explanatory fictions
observable behavior, not states of mind or mental processes ◦Dominated Western intellectual thought & most psychological theories (e.g. Descartes,
Freud, Piaget)
early form of behaviorism known as - ANSWER-◦stimulus-response (S-R) psychology
(Watsonian behaviorism) mentalism relies on - ANSWER-◦the premise of explanatory fiction (e.g. "knowledge")
◦Created foundation for the study of behavior as a natural science
- A fictitious variable that often is simply another name for the observed behavior that
BF skinner (founder of EAB) discussed two types of behavior - ANSWER-1. respondent contributes nothing to an understanding for the variables responsible for developing (or
2. operant maintaining) the behavior
Circular view of the cause & effect
respondent behavior - ANSWER-◦Reflexive behavior
◦Ivan Pavlov (1927) structuralism - ANSWER-◦Rejects all events that are not operationally defined by
◦Respondents are elicited ("brought out") by stimuli that immediately precede them objective assessment
◦Antecedent stimulus & response it elicits form a functional unit called a reflex ◦Restrict activities to descriptions of behavior
◦Involuntary responses ◦Make no scientific manipulations; do not address causal questions
◦Occur whenever eliciting stimulus is present
◦S-R model methodological behaviorism rejects - ANSWER-all events that are not operationally
defined by objective assessment
operant behavior - ANSWER-◦Behavior is shaped through the consequences that
immediately follow it - Deny existence of "inner variables" or consider them outside the realm of scientific
◦Three term contingency account
◦S-R-S model - Acknowledge the existence of mental events but do not consider them in the analysis
of behavior
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
2026 2026
2. EMPIRICISM
3. EXPERIMENTATION
science - ANSWER-Systematic approach for seeking & organizing knowledge about the 4. REPLICATION
natural world 5. PARSIMONY
6. PHILOSOPHIC DOUBT
purpose of science - ANSWER-◦To achieve a thorough understanding of the
phenomena under study determinism - ANSWER-- Assumption upon which science is predicted
- Presumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena
ABA seeks to - ANSWER-discover the real truths (not those held by certain groups, occur as the result of other events
organizations, etc.) - Events do not just occur at will
- Events are related in systematic ways
Three different types of investigations provide different levels of understanding -
ANSWER-1. description empiricism - ANSWER-- Practice of objective observation of phenomena of interest
2. prediction - What all scientific knowledge is built upon
3. control - "Objective" is the key to gaining a better understanding of what is being studied
description - ANSWER-◦Collection of facts about observed events that can be experimentation - ANSWER-- Basic strategy in most sciences
quantified, classified, & examined for possible relations with other known facts - Experiment:
◦Often suggests hypotheses or questions for additional research ◦Controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomenon of interest (dependent
variable) under two of more different conditions in which only one factor at a time
prediction - ANSWER-◦Relative probability that when one event occurs, another event (independent variable) differs from one condition to another
will or will not occur
◦Based on repeated observation revealing relationships between various events replication - ANSWER-- The repetition of experiments to determine the reliability and
◦Demonstrates correlation between events usefulness of findings
◦No causal relationships can be interpreted - Includes the repetition of independent variable conditions within experiments
◦Enables preparation - Method for which mistakes are discovered
control - ANSWER-◦Highest level of scientific understanding parsimony - ANSWER-- The idea that simple, logical explanations must be ruled out,
◦Functional relations can be derived experimentally or conceptually, before more complex or abstract explanations are
Specific change in one event (dependent variable).... considered
Can reliably be produced by specific manipulations of another event (independent - Help scientists fit findings within the field's existing knowledge base
variable)...
And the change in the dependent variable was unlikely to be the result of other philosophical doubt - ANSWER-- The continuous questioning of the truthfulness and
extraneous factors (confounding variables) validity of all scientific theory and knowledge
◦Events can only really be "co-related" - Involves the use of scientific evidence before implementing a new practice, then
Nearly impossible to factor out all other possible "causes" constantly monitoring the effectiveness of the practice after its implementation
attitudes of science - ANSWER-- Definition of science lies within the behavior of science relies on - ANSWER-determinism as its fundamental assumption
scientists, not the instruments or materials they use
- Only known as science due to an overriding idea of "scientific method" science's prime directive = - ANSWER-empiricism
- Fundamental assumptions about the nature of events
science's basic strategy - ANSWER-experimentation
6 attitudes of science - ANSWER-1. DETERMINISM
, EDF 6225 exam 1 with complete solutions EDF 6225 exam 1 with complete solutions
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
2026 2026
science's requirement for believability - ANSWER-replication ◦Behaviors that are influenced by stimulus changes that have followed the behavior in
the past
science's conservative value - ANSWER-parsimony
EAB outlined specific methodology for its practice - ANSWER-- The rate or frequency of
science's guiding conscience - ANSWER-philosophical doubt response is the most common dependent variable
- Repeated or continuous measurement is made of carefully defined response classes
behavior analysis is composed of 3 major branches - ANSWER-1. behaviorism - Within-subject experimental comparisons are used instead of designs comparing the
2. experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) behavior of experimental & control groups
3. ABA - Visual analysis of graphed data is preferred over statistical inference
- A description of functional relations is valued over formal theory testing
behaviorism - ANSWER-philosophy of the science of behavior
radical behaviorism - ANSWER-Attempts to explain all behavior, including private
EAB - ANSWER-basic research behavior (e.g. thinking & feeling
ABA - ANSWER-- Development of a technology for improving behavior methodological behaviorism - ANSWER-A philosophical position that views behavioral
- Can only be understood in the context of the philosophy & basic research traditions & events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm of science.
findings
mentalism - ANSWER-◦Approach to understanding behavior that assumes that a mental
recognized as moving the field of psychology in a new direction - ANSWER-watson or "inner" dimension exists that differs from a behavioral dimension & that phenomena
in this dimension either directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behavior
Watson argued that - ANSWER-subject matter for psychology should be the study of ◦Relies on hypothetical constructs and explanatory fictions
observable behavior, not states of mind or mental processes ◦Dominated Western intellectual thought & most psychological theories (e.g. Descartes,
Freud, Piaget)
early form of behaviorism known as - ANSWER-◦stimulus-response (S-R) psychology
(Watsonian behaviorism) mentalism relies on - ANSWER-◦the premise of explanatory fiction (e.g. "knowledge")
◦Created foundation for the study of behavior as a natural science
- A fictitious variable that often is simply another name for the observed behavior that
BF skinner (founder of EAB) discussed two types of behavior - ANSWER-1. respondent contributes nothing to an understanding for the variables responsible for developing (or
2. operant maintaining) the behavior
Circular view of the cause & effect
respondent behavior - ANSWER-◦Reflexive behavior
◦Ivan Pavlov (1927) structuralism - ANSWER-◦Rejects all events that are not operationally defined by
◦Respondents are elicited ("brought out") by stimuli that immediately precede them objective assessment
◦Antecedent stimulus & response it elicits form a functional unit called a reflex ◦Restrict activities to descriptions of behavior
◦Involuntary responses ◦Make no scientific manipulations; do not address causal questions
◦Occur whenever eliciting stimulus is present
◦S-R model methodological behaviorism rejects - ANSWER-all events that are not operationally
defined by objective assessment
operant behavior - ANSWER-◦Behavior is shaped through the consequences that
immediately follow it - Deny existence of "inner variables" or consider them outside the realm of scientific
◦Three term contingency account
◦S-R-S model - Acknowledge the existence of mental events but do not consider them in the analysis
of behavior
