and Review Material
Tens and Hundreds - correct answer ✔✔ Groups of citizens in early English society that
maintained the right of self-protection.
Shire - correct answer ✔✔ A geopolitical division of a larger state or country.
Shire Reeve - correct answer ✔✔ An appointed official that administered order in shires, and
also administered justice in the county courts.
Thief Takers - correct answer ✔✔ Private citizens who earned a living by capturing wanted
criminals.
Bow Street Runners - correct answer ✔✔ A group formed by magistrate Sir Henry Fielding in
London in the mid-1700s who traveled around England to serve court-ordered writs and arrest
offenders on the authority of magistrates.
Watch System - correct answer ✔✔ Authorized by legislation in the late 1200s in England,
requiring ordinary citizens to provide community safety with night patrol and guard force, in
support of the local constable's efforts to provide security.
Industrial Revolution - correct answer ✔✔ 1760-1870
Private Security - correct answer ✔✔ The private-sector practice, by individuals and
organizations, of providing security-related means or services, to protect and preserve persons,
property, interests, information, and environments to allow for the continued conduct of
, needed activities within the organization or society, without disruption from varied adversaries
or hazards, for compensation.
Neighborhood Watch - correct answer ✔✔ An effort by citizen volunteers to actively identify
and report signs of criminal activity to make their neighborhoods safer and to improve their
quality of life.
Stand Your Ground - correct answer ✔✔ Laws that grant people the right to defend themselves
with reasonable or even deadly force if they are threatened, without making any attempt to flee
or call for help.
Theories - correct answer ✔✔ Designed to explain a significant association between an
underlying cause and a predicted effect.
Rational Choice - correct answer ✔✔ A view of crime causation based on the notion that law
violators are reasoning people who make decisions by weighing the costs and the benefits of
crime before they decide whether to violate the law.
Psycho-dynamic Theory - correct answer ✔✔ Provides explanations for development, human
behavior, and psychopathology. It identifies methods to make predictions about treatment
outcome.
Neutralization Techniques - correct answer ✔✔ Allow people to justify their criminal behavior.
Control View - correct answer ✔✔ Suggests that deviant, criminal, and illegal behavior can be
fun, profitable, and beneficial and therefore adolescents must develop the ability to control
their behavior lest they get involved in a delinquent way of life.
Routine Activity Theory - correct answer ✔✔ Suggests that crime has been part of the human
experience for quite some time.