CHEM 134 Final Exam Study-Questions with
Correct solutions
Properties of the States of Matter
gas- average temp is 100C, has a low density, indefinite shape, indefinite volume, and weak
intermolecular force
liquid- average temp is 20C, has a high density, indefinite shape, definite volume, and moderate
intermolecular force
solid- average temp is 0C, has a high density, definite shape, definite volume, and strong
intermolecular forces
AS YOU ARE GOING FROM GAS TO SOLID REMOVING ENERGY & VISE VERSA
INTERMOLECULAR MOTION ALLOWS WATER TO CHANGE STATES
Intermolecular Forces
-are attractive forces between neighboring molecules/atoms/ions
-they define and affect physical properties like melting point, boiling point, and vapor pressure
-the stronger the attraction among the atoms/molecules, the more energy it will take to spectate
them and vise versa
Coulomb's law
, -potential energy of two opposite charges will decrease/become more neg when increasing
magnitude and decreasing seperation
Attractive Forces (LDF)
-created by temporary polarity in the molecules due to unequal electron distribution
-will be weak forces
-fluctuations in the electron distribution in atoms/molecules create temporary dipole (pretty
random)
-a place with excess electron density will have neg charge and place with depleted electron
density will have positive charge
-ALL MOLECULES HAVE LPF JUST DEPENDS WHCIH IS STRONGER
- if one molecule has a dipole there is a chance that other molecules will have it too
- larger atoms/molecules are more polarizable than small bc of larger electron crowd & more
impact points (larger molecule will increase BP)
- DIRECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISPERSION FORCES (linear molecules have higher
dispersion) & POLARIZABILITY & SURFACE AREA & INTERMOLECULAR REACTIONS
(bc more chances to stick tg)
Attractive Forces: Dipole-Dipole
- exits between all molecules that are polar
- weight doesn't have an effect on boiling point
- larger dipole moments lead to stronger dipole-dipole interactions (bc size of molecule has an
influence)
- influenced by bp and mp
Correct solutions
Properties of the States of Matter
gas- average temp is 100C, has a low density, indefinite shape, indefinite volume, and weak
intermolecular force
liquid- average temp is 20C, has a high density, indefinite shape, definite volume, and moderate
intermolecular force
solid- average temp is 0C, has a high density, definite shape, definite volume, and strong
intermolecular forces
AS YOU ARE GOING FROM GAS TO SOLID REMOVING ENERGY & VISE VERSA
INTERMOLECULAR MOTION ALLOWS WATER TO CHANGE STATES
Intermolecular Forces
-are attractive forces between neighboring molecules/atoms/ions
-they define and affect physical properties like melting point, boiling point, and vapor pressure
-the stronger the attraction among the atoms/molecules, the more energy it will take to spectate
them and vise versa
Coulomb's law
, -potential energy of two opposite charges will decrease/become more neg when increasing
magnitude and decreasing seperation
Attractive Forces (LDF)
-created by temporary polarity in the molecules due to unequal electron distribution
-will be weak forces
-fluctuations in the electron distribution in atoms/molecules create temporary dipole (pretty
random)
-a place with excess electron density will have neg charge and place with depleted electron
density will have positive charge
-ALL MOLECULES HAVE LPF JUST DEPENDS WHCIH IS STRONGER
- if one molecule has a dipole there is a chance that other molecules will have it too
- larger atoms/molecules are more polarizable than small bc of larger electron crowd & more
impact points (larger molecule will increase BP)
- DIRECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISPERSION FORCES (linear molecules have higher
dispersion) & POLARIZABILITY & SURFACE AREA & INTERMOLECULAR REACTIONS
(bc more chances to stick tg)
Attractive Forces: Dipole-Dipole
- exits between all molecules that are polar
- weight doesn't have an effect on boiling point
- larger dipole moments lead to stronger dipole-dipole interactions (bc size of molecule has an
influence)
- influenced by bp and mp
