SOUTH CAROLINA BIOLOGY EOC FINAL
SCRIPT 2026 ACCURATE ANSWERS GRADED
A+
⩥Abiotic Factors. Answer: chemical or physical factors(ex. water, nitrogen, oxygen, salinity,
pH, soil nutrients and composition, temperature, amount of sunlight, precipitation)
⩥Adaptation. Answer: leads to the increase of frequency of a particular structure,
physiological process, or behavior in a population of organisms that makes the organisms
better able to survive and reproduce.
⩥Divergent evolution. Answer: When a number of different species diverge (split-off) from a
common ancestor. Occurs over many generations when organisms evolve a variety of
characteristics which allow them to survive in different niches.
⩥Adenosine triphosphate. Answer: the most important biological molecule that supplies
energy to the cell
⩥Aerobic respiration. Answer: two-step process that consists of the citric acid cycle and the
electron transport.
⩥Alcoholic fermentation. Answer: pyruvic acid formed during glycolysis is broken down to
produce alcohol and carbon dioxide (energy is released)
⩥Alleles. Answer: the different forms of a gene
⩥Amino acids. Answer: molecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,
and sometimes sulfur that are the building blocks of proteins
⩥Anaerobic respiration. Answer: the way cells obtain energy if no oxygen is available
,⩥Analogous structures. Answer: Structrues similar in appearance and function, but have
different evolutionary origins.
⩥Anaphase I. Answer: meiosis, the chromosome pairs separate, one chromosome to each side
of the cell
⩥Anaphase II. Answer: meiosis, the chromosomes separate so that one chromatid from each
chromosome goes to each pole
⩥Anaphase. Answer: mitosis, centromeres that join the sister chromatids split. Sister
chromatids separate becoming individual chromosomes
⩥Anticodon site. Answer: end of each tRNA which has the three nucleotide bases
complementary to the codon of mRNA
⩥Asexual reproduction. Answer: involves only one parent that produces the offspring that are
for the most part genetically identical to that parent. Examples are budding, fragmentation,
vegetative propagation.
⩥ATP-ADP cycle. Answer: cells break phosphate bonds as needs to supply energy for most
cellular functions,leaving adenosine siphons phage (ADP) and a phosphate available for use
⩥Autosomes. Answer: all other chromosomes excluding sex chromosomes
⩥Benign tumor. Answer: mass of cancer cells that remain at original cite
⩥Biochemical reactions. Answer: allow organisms to grow, develop, reproduce and adapt
⩥Biological evolution. Answer: describes all of the changes that have transformed life on
earth from the earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms in the world today.
, ⩥Biotic Factors. Answer: all of the living components of an ecosystem (ex. bacteria, fungi,
plants, animals)
⩥Cancer cells. Answer: don't heed normal signals which shut down the cell division process,
continues to divide when dense compact and or there is not growth factor present
⩥Carbohydrates. Answer: primary source of fuel for cellular respiration. They're also used to
store energy for short periods of time, can also be structural material for plants.
⩥Carbon Cycle. Answer: the recycling of carbon through photosynthesis, respiration, and
decomposition in living things in an ecosystem
⩥Carrying Capacity. Answer: Maximum population size that can be supported by available
resources
⩥Cell cycle. Answer: an ordered sequence of events that extends from the time a eukaryotic
cell is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own division into two cells
⩥Cell Division. Answer: process by which the fertilized egg gives rise to a large number of
cells
⩥Cell Membrane. Answer: cell structure that encloses the cell and regulates the passage of
materials between the cell and its environment; the cell membrane also aids in protection and
support of the cell
⩥Cell theory. Answer: all living things are made of 1+ cells,cells are the basic units living
things, and all presently existing cells are from pre existing cells
⩥Cell wall. Answer: cell structure that surrounds the cell membrane for protection and
support in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists, and allow for specific substances to
pass in and out of the cell
SCRIPT 2026 ACCURATE ANSWERS GRADED
A+
⩥Abiotic Factors. Answer: chemical or physical factors(ex. water, nitrogen, oxygen, salinity,
pH, soil nutrients and composition, temperature, amount of sunlight, precipitation)
⩥Adaptation. Answer: leads to the increase of frequency of a particular structure,
physiological process, or behavior in a population of organisms that makes the organisms
better able to survive and reproduce.
⩥Divergent evolution. Answer: When a number of different species diverge (split-off) from a
common ancestor. Occurs over many generations when organisms evolve a variety of
characteristics which allow them to survive in different niches.
⩥Adenosine triphosphate. Answer: the most important biological molecule that supplies
energy to the cell
⩥Aerobic respiration. Answer: two-step process that consists of the citric acid cycle and the
electron transport.
⩥Alcoholic fermentation. Answer: pyruvic acid formed during glycolysis is broken down to
produce alcohol and carbon dioxide (energy is released)
⩥Alleles. Answer: the different forms of a gene
⩥Amino acids. Answer: molecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,
and sometimes sulfur that are the building blocks of proteins
⩥Anaerobic respiration. Answer: the way cells obtain energy if no oxygen is available
,⩥Analogous structures. Answer: Structrues similar in appearance and function, but have
different evolutionary origins.
⩥Anaphase I. Answer: meiosis, the chromosome pairs separate, one chromosome to each side
of the cell
⩥Anaphase II. Answer: meiosis, the chromosomes separate so that one chromatid from each
chromosome goes to each pole
⩥Anaphase. Answer: mitosis, centromeres that join the sister chromatids split. Sister
chromatids separate becoming individual chromosomes
⩥Anticodon site. Answer: end of each tRNA which has the three nucleotide bases
complementary to the codon of mRNA
⩥Asexual reproduction. Answer: involves only one parent that produces the offspring that are
for the most part genetically identical to that parent. Examples are budding, fragmentation,
vegetative propagation.
⩥ATP-ADP cycle. Answer: cells break phosphate bonds as needs to supply energy for most
cellular functions,leaving adenosine siphons phage (ADP) and a phosphate available for use
⩥Autosomes. Answer: all other chromosomes excluding sex chromosomes
⩥Benign tumor. Answer: mass of cancer cells that remain at original cite
⩥Biochemical reactions. Answer: allow organisms to grow, develop, reproduce and adapt
⩥Biological evolution. Answer: describes all of the changes that have transformed life on
earth from the earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms in the world today.
, ⩥Biotic Factors. Answer: all of the living components of an ecosystem (ex. bacteria, fungi,
plants, animals)
⩥Cancer cells. Answer: don't heed normal signals which shut down the cell division process,
continues to divide when dense compact and or there is not growth factor present
⩥Carbohydrates. Answer: primary source of fuel for cellular respiration. They're also used to
store energy for short periods of time, can also be structural material for plants.
⩥Carbon Cycle. Answer: the recycling of carbon through photosynthesis, respiration, and
decomposition in living things in an ecosystem
⩥Carrying Capacity. Answer: Maximum population size that can be supported by available
resources
⩥Cell cycle. Answer: an ordered sequence of events that extends from the time a eukaryotic
cell is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own division into two cells
⩥Cell Division. Answer: process by which the fertilized egg gives rise to a large number of
cells
⩥Cell Membrane. Answer: cell structure that encloses the cell and regulates the passage of
materials between the cell and its environment; the cell membrane also aids in protection and
support of the cell
⩥Cell theory. Answer: all living things are made of 1+ cells,cells are the basic units living
things, and all presently existing cells are from pre existing cells
⩥Cell wall. Answer: cell structure that surrounds the cell membrane for protection and
support in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists, and allow for specific substances to
pass in and out of the cell
